38b5cd2cce
Landing page: - Split features into 3-layer card layout (Block & Protect, Developer Tools, Self-Sovereign DNS) - Add DoH and conditional forwarding to comparison table - Fix performance claim (2.3M → 2.0M qps to match benchmarks) - Add all 3 install methods (brew, cargo, curl) - Add OG tags + canonical URL for numa.rs - Fix code block whitespace rendering - Update roadmap with .onion bridge phase Blog: - Add "Building a DNS Resolver from Scratch in Rust" post - Blog index + template for future posts Other: - CNAME for GitHub Pages (numa.rs) - Benchmark results (bench/results.json) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Benchmarks
Numa has two benchmark suites measuring different layers of performance.
Micro-benchmarks (benches/, criterion)
Nanosecond-precision measurement of individual operations on the hot path. No running server required — these are pure Rust unit-level benchmarks.
cargo bench # run all
cargo bench --bench hot_path # parse, serialize, cache, clone
cargo bench --bench throughput # pipeline QPS, buffer alloc
What's measured
hot_path — individual operations:
| Benchmark | What it measures |
|---|---|
buffer_parse |
Wire bytes → DnsPacket (typical response with 4 records) |
buffer_serialize |
DnsPacket → wire bytes |
packet_clone |
Full DnsPacket clone (what cache hit costs) |
cache_lookup_hit |
Cache lookup on a single-entry cache |
cache_lookup_hit_populated |
Cache lookup with 1000 entries |
cache_lookup_miss |
HashMap miss (baseline) |
cache_insert |
Insert into cache with packet clone |
round_trip_cached |
Full cached path: parse query → cache hit → serialize response |
throughput — pipeline capacity:
| Benchmark | What it measures |
|---|---|
pipeline_throughput/N |
N cached queries end-to-end (parse → lookup → serialize) |
buffer_alloc |
BytePacketBuffer 4KB zero-init cost |
Reading results
Criterion auto-compares against the previous run:
round_trip_cached time: [710.5 ns 715.2 ns 720.1 ns]
change: [-2.48% -1.85% -1.21%] (p = 0.00 < 0.05)
Performance has improved.
- The three values are [lower bound, estimate, upper bound] of the mean
changeshows the delta vs the last saved baseline- HTML reports with charts:
target/criterion/report/index.html
To save a named baseline for comparison:
cargo bench -- --save-baseline before
# ... make changes ...
cargo bench -- --baseline before
End-to-end benchmark (bench/dns-bench.sh)
Real-world latency comparison using dig against a running Numa instance
and public resolvers. Measures millisecond-level latency including network I/O.
# Start Numa first (default port 15353 for testing)
python3 bench/dns-bench.sh [port] [rounds]
python3 bench/dns-bench.sh 15353 20 # default
What's measured
- Numa (cold): cache flushed before each query — measures upstream forwarding
- Numa (cached): queries hit cache — measures local processing
- System / Google / Cloudflare / Quad9: public resolver comparison
Results saved to bench/results.json.
When to use which
| Question | Use |
|---|---|
| Did my code change make parsing faster? | cargo bench --bench hot_path |
| Is the cached path still sub-microsecond? | cargo bench --bench hot_path (round_trip_cached) |
| How many queries/sec can we handle? | cargo bench --bench throughput |
| Is Numa still competitive with system resolver? | bench/dns-bench.sh |
| Did upstream forwarding regress? | bench/dns-bench.sh |