d0deb08d2c
Two DoS/interop hardening items:
1. Bound write_framed by WRITE_TIMEOUT (10s) so a slow-reader
attacker can't indefinitely hold a worker task and its connection
permit. Symmetric to the existing handshake timeout.
2. Advertise ALPN "dot" per RFC 7858 §3.2. Required by some strict
DoT clients (newer Apple stacks, some Android versions). rustls
ServerConfig exposes alpn_protocols as a pub field so we set it
after with_single_cert:
- load_tls_config (user-provided cert/key): set directly
- self_signed_tls (new, replaces fallback_tls): builds a fresh
DoT-specific TLS config via build_tls_config with the ALPN list
build_tls_config now takes an `alpn: Vec<Vec<u8>>` parameter so
DoT and the proxy can pass different ALPN lists while sharing the
same CA. Proxy callers pass Vec::new() (unchanged behavior).
Dropped the ctx.tls_config reuse branch: we can't mutate a shared
Arc<ServerConfig> to add DoT-specific ALPN, and reusing the proxy
config was already quietly broken re: SAN (proxy cert covers
*.{tld}, not the DoT server's bind hostname/IP).
Added dot_negotiates_alpn test that asserts conn.alpn_protocol()
returns Some(b"dot") after handshake. 126/126 tests pass.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Numa
DNS you own. Everywhere you go. — numa.rs
A portable DNS resolver in a single binary. Block ads on any network, name your local services (frontend.numa), and override any hostname with auto-revert — all from your laptop, no cloud account or Raspberry Pi required.
Built from scratch in Rust. Zero DNS libraries. RFC 1035 wire protocol parsed by hand. Caching, ad blocking, and local service domains out of the box. Optional recursive resolution from root nameservers with full DNSSEC chain-of-trust validation. One ~8MB binary, everything embedded.
Quick Start
# macOS
brew install razvandimescu/tap/numa
# Linux
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/razvandimescu/numa/main/install.sh | sh
# Windows — download from GitHub Releases
# All platforms
cargo install numa
sudo numa # run in foreground (port 53 requires root/admin)
Open the dashboard: http://numa.numa (or http://localhost:5380)
Set as system DNS:
| Platform | Install | Uninstall |
|---|---|---|
| macOS | sudo numa install |
sudo numa uninstall |
| Linux | sudo numa install |
sudo numa uninstall |
| Windows | numa install (admin) + reboot |
numa uninstall (admin) + reboot |
On macOS and Linux, numa runs as a system service (launchd/systemd). On Windows, numa auto-starts on login via registry.
Local Services
Name your dev services instead of remembering port numbers:
curl -X POST localhost:5380/services \
-d '{"name":"frontend","target_port":5173}'
Now https://frontend.numa works in your browser — green lock, valid cert, WebSocket passthrough for HMR. No mkcert, no nginx, no /etc/hosts.
Add path-based routing (app.numa/api → :5001), share services across machines via LAN discovery, or configure everything in numa.toml.
Ad Blocking & Privacy
385K+ domains blocked via Hagezi Pro. Works on any network — coffee shops, hotels, airports. Travels with your laptop.
Three resolution modes:
forward(default) — transparent proxy to your existing system DNS. Everything works as before, just with caching and ad blocking on top. Captive portals, VPNs, corporate DNS — all respected.recursive— resolve directly from root nameservers. No upstream dependency, no single entity sees your full query pattern. Add[dnssec] enabled = truefor full chain-of-trust validation.auto— probe root servers on startup, recursive if reachable, encrypted DoH fallback if blocked.
DNSSEC validates the full chain of trust: RRSIG signatures, DNSKEY verification, DS delegation, NSEC/NSEC3 denial proofs. Read how it works →
LAN Discovery
Run Numa on multiple machines. They find each other automatically via mDNS:
Machine A (192.168.1.5) Machine B (192.168.1.20)
┌──────────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────────┐
│ Numa │ mDNS │ Numa │
│ - api (port 8000) │◄───────────►│ - grafana (3000) │
│ - frontend (5173) │ discovery │ │
└──────────────────────┘ └──────────────────────┘
From Machine B: curl http://api.numa → proxied to Machine A's port 8000. Enable with numa lan on.
Hub mode: run one instance with bind_addr = "0.0.0.0:53" and point other devices' DNS to it — they get ad blocking + .numa resolution without installing anything.
How It Compares
| Pi-hole | AdGuard Home | Unbound | Numa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Local service proxy + auto TLS | — | — | — | .numa domains, HTTPS, WebSocket |
| LAN service discovery | — | — | — | mDNS, zero config |
| Developer overrides (REST API) | — | — | — | Auto-revert, scriptable |
| Recursive resolver | — | — | Yes | Yes, with SRTT selection |
| DNSSEC validation | — | — | Yes | Yes (RSA, ECDSA, Ed25519) |
| Ad blocking | Yes | Yes | — | 385K+ domains |
| Web admin UI | Full | Full | — | Dashboard |
| Encrypted upstream (DoH) | Needs cloudflared | Yes | — | Native |
| Portable (laptop) | No (appliance) | No (appliance) | Server | Single binary, macOS/Linux/Windows |
| Community maturity | 56K stars, 10 years | 33K stars | 20 years | New |
Performance
691ns cached round-trip. ~2.0M qps throughput. Zero heap allocations in the hot path. Recursive queries average 237ms after SRTT warmup (12x improvement over round-robin). ECDSA P-256 DNSSEC verification: 174ns. Benchmarks →
Learn More
- Blog: Implementing DNSSEC from Scratch in Rust
- Blog: I Built a DNS Resolver from Scratch
- Configuration reference — all options documented inline
- REST API — 27 endpoints across overrides, cache, blocking, services, diagnostics
Roadmap
- DNS forwarding, caching, ad blocking, developer overrides
.numalocal domains — auto TLS, path routing, WebSocket proxy- LAN service discovery — mDNS, cross-machine DNS + proxy
- DNS-over-HTTPS — encrypted upstream
- Recursive resolution + DNSSEC — chain-of-trust, NSEC/NSEC3
- SRTT-based nameserver selection
- pkarr integration — self-sovereign DNS via Mainline DHT
- Global
.numanames — DHT-backed, no registrar
License
MIT