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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/.cargo/config.toml Normal file
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[build]
target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf"
[target.xtensa-esp32-espidf]
linker = "ldproxy"
runner = "espflash flash --monitor"
[env]
ESP_IDF_VERSION = "v5.1.2"
ESP_IDF_SDKCONFIG_DEFAULTS = "sdkconfig.defaults"
[unstable]
build-std = ["std", "panic_abort"]
[alias]
flash = "espflash flash --monitor"

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/.github/workflows/release-binaries.yml vendored Normal file
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name: Release Pre-built Binaries
on:
push:
tags:
- 'ruvllm-esp32-v*'
workflow_dispatch:
inputs:
version:
description: 'Version to release (e.g., 0.2.1)'
required: true
default: '0.2.1'
env:
CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
jobs:
build-firmware:
name: Build ${{ matrix.target }}
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
- target: esp32
rust_target: xtensa-esp32-espidf
features: ""
- target: esp32s2
rust_target: xtensa-esp32s2-espidf
features: ""
- target: esp32s3
rust_target: xtensa-esp32s3-espidf
features: ""
- target: esp32c3
rust_target: riscv32imc-esp-espidf
features: ""
- target: esp32c6
rust_target: riscv32imac-esp-espidf
features: ""
# Federation-enabled builds
- target: esp32s3-federation
rust_target: xtensa-esp32s3-espidf
features: "federation"
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Rust
uses: dtolnay/rust-action@stable
- name: Install ESP toolchain
run: |
curl -L https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/latest/download/espup-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -o espup
chmod +x espup
./espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh
- name: Install ldproxy
run: cargo install ldproxy
- name: Build firmware
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
run: |
source ~/export-esp.sh
if [ -n "${{ matrix.features }}" ]; then
cargo build --release --target ${{ matrix.rust_target }} --features ${{ matrix.features }}
else
cargo build --release --target ${{ matrix.rust_target }}
fi
- name: Create binary package
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
run: |
mkdir -p dist
# Find the built binary
BINARY=$(find target/${{ matrix.rust_target }}/release -maxdepth 1 -name "ruvllm-esp32*" -type f ! -name "*.d" | head -1)
if [ -f "$BINARY" ]; then
cp "$BINARY" dist/ruvllm-esp32-${{ matrix.target }}
fi
# Create flash script
cat > dist/flash-${{ matrix.target }}.sh << 'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
PORT=${1:-/dev/ttyUSB0}
espflash flash --monitor --port $PORT ruvllm-esp32-${{ matrix.target }}
EOF
chmod +x dist/flash-${{ matrix.target }}.sh
- name: Upload artifact
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: ruvllm-esp32-${{ matrix.target }}
path: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/dist/
create-release:
name: Create Release
needs: build-firmware
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
permissions:
contents: write
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Download all artifacts
uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
with:
path: binaries
merge-multiple: true
- name: Create release archive
run: |
cd binaries
# Create combined archive
tar -czvf ruvllm-esp32-all-targets.tar.gz *
# Create individual zips
for dir in */; do
target=$(basename "$dir")
zip -r "ruvllm-esp32-${target}.zip" "$dir"
done
- name: Create GitHub Release
uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
with:
files: |
binaries/*.tar.gz
binaries/*.zip
body: |
## RuvLLM ESP32 Pre-built Binaries
Download the firmware for your ESP32 variant and flash directly - no Rust toolchain required!
### Quick Flash
```bash
# Download and extract
tar -xzf ruvllm-esp32-all-targets.tar.gz
# Flash (Linux/macOS)
./flash-esp32s3.sh /dev/ttyUSB0
# Or use espflash directly
espflash flash --monitor ruvllm-esp32-esp32s3
```
### Available Binaries
| File | Target | Features |
|------|--------|----------|
| `ruvllm-esp32-esp32` | ESP32 | Base |
| `ruvllm-esp32-esp32s2` | ESP32-S2 | Base |
| `ruvllm-esp32-esp32s3` | ESP32-S3 | Base + SIMD |
| `ruvllm-esp32-esp32c3` | ESP32-C3 | Base |
| `ruvllm-esp32-esp32c6` | ESP32-C6 | Base |
| `ruvllm-esp32-esp32s3-federation` | ESP32-S3 | Multi-chip federation |
### Web Flasher
Flash directly from your browser: [RuvLLM Web Flasher](https://ruvnet.github.io/ruvector/flash)

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name: Release Binaries
on:
push:
tags:
- 'ruvllm-esp32-v*'
workflow_dispatch:
inputs:
version:
description: 'Version tag (e.g., v0.2.0)'
required: true
default: 'v0.2.0'
env:
CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
jobs:
build-npm:
name: Build npm package
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Setup Node.js
uses: actions/setup-node@v4
with:
node-version: '20'
registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'
- name: Package npm module
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/npm
run: |
npm pack
mv *.tgz ../ruvllm-esp32-npm.tgz
- name: Upload npm artifact
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: npm-package
path: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/ruvllm-esp32-npm.tgz
build-rust:
name: Build Rust (${{ matrix.target }})
runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
include:
# Linux x86_64
- os: ubuntu-latest
target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
artifact: ruvllm-esp32-linux-x64
features: host-test
# Linux ARM64
- os: ubuntu-latest
target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
artifact: ruvllm-esp32-linux-arm64
features: host-test
cross: true
# macOS x86_64
- os: macos-latest
target: x86_64-apple-darwin
artifact: ruvllm-esp32-darwin-x64
features: host-test
# macOS ARM64
- os: macos-latest
target: aarch64-apple-darwin
artifact: ruvllm-esp32-darwin-arm64
features: host-test
# Windows x86_64
- os: windows-latest
target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
artifact: ruvllm-esp32-win-x64
features: host-test
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Rust toolchain
uses: dtolnay/rust-action@stable
with:
targets: ${{ matrix.target }}
- name: Install cross (Linux ARM64)
if: matrix.cross
run: cargo install cross --git https://github.com/cross-rs/cross
- name: Build binary
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
shell: bash
run: |
if [ "${{ matrix.cross }}" = "true" ]; then
cross build --release --target ${{ matrix.target }} --features ${{ matrix.features }}
else
cargo build --release --target ${{ matrix.target }} --features ${{ matrix.features }}
fi
- name: Prepare artifacts (Unix)
if: runner.os != 'Windows'
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
run: |
mkdir -p dist
cp target/${{ matrix.target }}/release/ruvllm-esp32 dist/${{ matrix.artifact }} 2>/dev/null || echo "Binary not found"
chmod +x dist/${{ matrix.artifact }} 2>/dev/null || true
- name: Prepare artifacts (Windows)
if: runner.os == 'Windows'
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
shell: pwsh
run: |
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path dist
Copy-Item target/${{ matrix.target }}/release/ruvllm-esp32.exe dist/${{ matrix.artifact }}.exe -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
- name: Upload artifact
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: ${{ matrix.artifact }}
path: |
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/dist/*
if-no-files-found: warn
build-wasm:
name: Build WebAssembly
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Rust toolchain
uses: dtolnay/rust-action@stable
with:
targets: wasm32-unknown-unknown
- name: Install wasm-pack
run: curl https://rustwasm.github.io/wasm-pack/installer/init.sh -sSf | sh
- name: Build WASM
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
run: |
wasm-pack build --target web --features wasm --no-default-features || echo "WASM build skipped"
- name: Package WASM
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
run: |
mkdir -p wasm-dist
if [ -d "pkg" ]; then
cp -r pkg/* wasm-dist/
else
echo "WASM build not available" > wasm-dist/README.txt
fi
- name: Upload WASM artifact
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
with:
name: ruvllm-esp32-wasm
path: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/wasm-dist/
release:
name: Create Release
needs: [build-npm, build-rust, build-wasm]
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
permissions:
contents: write
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Download all artifacts
uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
with:
path: artifacts
- name: Prepare release assets
run: |
mkdir -p release
# Copy npm package
cp artifacts/npm-package/*.tgz release/ 2>/dev/null || true
# Copy binaries
for dir in artifacts/ruvllm-esp32-*; do
if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
name=$(basename $dir)
if [ "$name" != "ruvllm-esp32-wasm" ]; then
for f in $dir/*; do
cp "$f" release/ 2>/dev/null || true
done
fi
fi
done
# Copy WASM
if [ -d "artifacts/ruvllm-esp32-wasm" ]; then
cd artifacts/ruvllm-esp32-wasm && zip -r ../../release/ruvllm-esp32-wasm.zip . && cd ../..
fi
ls -la release/
- name: Create checksums
run: |
cd release
sha256sum * > checksums.txt 2>/dev/null || true
cat checksums.txt
- name: Get version
id: version
run: |
if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
echo "version=${{ github.event.inputs.version }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
else
echo "version=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/ruvllm-esp32-}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
fi
- name: Create Release
uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
with:
tag_name: ruvllm-esp32-${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
name: RuvLLM ESP32 ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
body: |
## RuvLLM ESP32 ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
Full-featured LLM inference engine for ESP32 microcontrollers.
### Features
- INT8/Binary quantized inference (~20KB RAM)
- Product quantization (8-32x compression)
- MicroLoRA on-device adaptation
- HNSW vector search (1000+ vectors)
- Semantic memory with RAG
- Multi-chip federation (pipeline/tensor parallel)
- Speculative decoding (2-4x speedup)
- Anomaly detection
### Installation
**Via npm (recommended):**
```bash
npx ruvllm-esp32 install
npx ruvllm-esp32 build --target esp32s3
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash
```
**Direct binary:**
Download the appropriate binary for your platform from the assets below.
### Supported Platforms
- Linux x64/ARM64
- macOS x64/ARM64 (Apple Silicon)
- Windows x64
- WebAssembly (browser/Node.js)
### Supported ESP32 Variants
- ESP32 (520KB SRAM)
- ESP32-S2 (320KB SRAM)
- ESP32-S3 (512KB SRAM + SIMD)
- ESP32-C3 (400KB SRAM, RISC-V)
- ESP32-C6 (512KB SRAM, RISC-V + WiFi 6)
files: |
release/*
draft: false
prerelease: false
publish-npm:
name: Publish to npm
needs: [release]
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Setup Node.js
uses: actions/setup-node@v4
with:
node-version: '20'
registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'
- name: Publish to npm
working-directory: examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/npm
run: npm publish --access public
env:
NODE_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}

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# Standalone package (not part of workspace)
[workspace]
[package]
name = "ruvllm-esp32-flash"
version = "0.2.0"
edition = "2021"
authors = ["RuVector Team"]
description = "Complete RuvLLM for ESP32 - Full-featured LLM inference with RAG, federation, and WASM support"
license = "MIT"
repository = "https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector"
keywords = ["esp32", "llm", "inference", "embedded", "ai"]
categories = ["embedded", "science"]
publish = false # This is a flashable project, not a library crate. Use ruvllm-esp32 from crates.io for the library.
[lib]
name = "ruvllm_esp32"
path = "src/lib.rs"
[[bin]]
name = "ruvllm-esp32"
path = "src/main.rs"
[features]
default = ["esp32"]
std = []
esp32 = ["esp-idf-svc", "esp-idf-hal", "esp-idf-sys"]
wasm = ["wasm-bindgen"]
host-test = ["std"]
federation = []
full = ["federation"]
[dependencies]
# ESP-IDF Framework (optional, for ESP32 target)
esp-idf-svc = { version = "0.49", default-features = false, optional = true }
esp-idf-hal = { version = "0.44", default-features = false, optional = true }
esp-idf-sys = { version = "0.35", default-features = false, features = ["binstart"], optional = true }
# WASM support (optional)
wasm-bindgen = { version = "0.2", optional = true }
# no_std compatible
heapless = { version = "0.8", features = ["serde"] }
libm = "0.2"
# Logging
log = "0.4"
# Error handling
anyhow = "1.0"
[target.'cfg(target_os = "espidf")'.dependencies]
esp_idf_logger = "0.1"
[build-dependencies]
embuild = "0.32"
[profile.release]
opt-level = "s"
lto = true
debug = false
[profile.dev]
opt-level = 1
debug = true
[profile.release-esp32]
inherits = "release"
opt-level = "z" # Maximum size optimization for ESP32
lto = "fat"
codegen-units = 1
panic = "abort"

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# RuvLLM ESP32 - Docker Build Environment
# Provides complete ESP32 toolchain without local installation
#
# Usage:
# docker build -t ruvllm-esp32-builder .
# docker run -v $(pwd):/app -v /dev:/dev --privileged ruvllm-esp32-builder build
# docker run -v $(pwd):/app -v /dev:/dev --privileged ruvllm-esp32-builder flash /dev/ttyUSB0
FROM rust:1.75-bookworm
# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
git \
wget \
flex \
bison \
gperf \
python3 \
python3-pip \
python3-venv \
cmake \
ninja-build \
ccache \
libffi-dev \
libssl-dev \
dfu-util \
libusb-1.0-0 \
libudev-dev \
pkg-config \
&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# Install ESP-IDF prerequisites
RUN pip3 install --break-system-packages pyserial
# Install Rust ESP32 toolchain
RUN cargo install espup && \
espup install && \
cargo install espflash ldproxy
# Set up environment
ENV PATH="/root/.cargo/bin:${PATH}"
RUN echo 'source /root/export-esp.sh 2>/dev/null || true' >> /root/.bashrc
WORKDIR /app
# Entry point script
COPY <<'EOF' /entrypoint.sh
#!/bin/bash
source /root/export-esp.sh 2>/dev/null || true
case "$1" in
build)
echo "Building RuvLLM ESP32..."
cargo build --release
;;
flash)
PORT="${2:-/dev/ttyUSB0}"
echo "Flashing to $PORT..."
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port "$PORT" target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash
;;
monitor)
PORT="${2:-/dev/ttyUSB0}"
espflash monitor --port "$PORT"
;;
shell)
exec /bin/bash
;;
*)
echo "Usage: docker run ... [build|flash|monitor|shell] [port]"
;;
esac
EOF
RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["/entrypoint.sh"]
CMD ["build"]

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# RuvLLM ESP32 - Makefile
# Cross-platform build and flash targets
.PHONY: all install deps build flash clean cluster monitor help
# Default port (override with: make flash PORT=/dev/ttyUSB1)
PORT ?= /dev/ttyUSB0
# Number of chips for cluster (override with: make cluster CHIPS=5)
CHIPS ?= 2
# Target variant
TARGET ?= xtensa-esp32-espidf
# Detect OS
UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Darwin)
PORT ?= /dev/cu.usbserial-0001
OPEN_CMD = open
else ifeq ($(UNAME_S),Linux)
PORT ?= /dev/ttyUSB0
OPEN_CMD = xdg-open
else
PORT ?= COM6
OPEN_CMD = start
endif
# Default target
all: build
# Full installation
install: deps build
@echo "✓ Installation complete!"
@echo "Run: make flash PORT=$(PORT)"
# Install dependencies
deps:
@echo "Installing ESP32 toolchain..."
@command -v espup >/dev/null 2>&1 || cargo install espup
@espup install || true
@command -v espflash >/dev/null 2>&1 || cargo install espflash
@command -v ldproxy >/dev/null 2>&1 || cargo install ldproxy
@echo "✓ Dependencies installed"
# Build release binary
build:
@echo "Building RuvLLM ESP32..."
@. $$HOME/export-esp.sh 2>/dev/null || true
cargo build --release
@echo "✓ Build complete"
@ls -lh target/$(TARGET)/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash 2>/dev/null || true
# Build with federation
build-federation:
@echo "Building with federation support..."
cargo build --release --features federation
@echo "✓ Federation build complete"
# Flash single chip
flash: build
@echo "Flashing to $(PORT)..."
espflash flash --port $(PORT) --monitor target/$(TARGET)/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash
# Flash without monitor
flash-only: build
espflash flash --port $(PORT) target/$(TARGET)/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash
# Monitor serial
monitor:
espflash monitor --port $(PORT)
# Setup cluster configuration
cluster:
@echo "Setting up $(CHIPS)-chip cluster..."
@./install.sh cluster $(CHIPS)
@echo "Edit cluster.toml, then run: make cluster-flash"
# Flash entire cluster
cluster-flash: build-federation
@./cluster-flash.sh
# Monitor cluster (requires tmux or screen)
cluster-monitor:
@./cluster-monitor.sh
# Clean build artifacts
clean:
cargo clean
@rm -f cluster.toml
@echo "✓ Cleaned"
# Show binary size
size: build
@echo "Binary size:"
@ls -lh target/$(TARGET)/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash
@size target/$(TARGET)/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash 2>/dev/null || true
# Run host simulation (no ESP32 needed)
sim:
@echo "Running host simulation..."
cd ../esp32 && cargo run --example user_demo
# Help
help:
@echo "RuvLLM ESP32 - Makefile Targets"
@echo ""
@echo "Single Chip:"
@echo " make install - Install deps and build"
@echo " make build - Build release binary"
@echo " make flash - Flash to PORT (default: $(PORT))"
@echo " make flash PORT=/dev/ttyUSB1 - Flash to specific port"
@echo " make monitor - Serial monitor"
@echo ""
@echo "Cluster:"
@echo " make cluster CHIPS=5 - Generate 5-chip cluster config"
@echo " make cluster-flash - Flash all chips in cluster"
@echo " make cluster-monitor - Monitor all chips"
@echo ""
@echo "Other:"
@echo " make sim - Run host simulation"
@echo " make size - Show binary size"
@echo " make clean - Clean build artifacts"
@echo ""
@echo "Current settings:"
@echo " PORT=$(PORT)"
@echo " CHIPS=$(CHIPS)"
@echo " TARGET=$(TARGET)"

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# RuvLLM ESP32 - Tiny LLM Inference Engine for ESP32 Microcontrollers
[![crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/ruvllm-esp32.svg)](https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32)
[![npm](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/ruvllm-esp32.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ruvllm-esp32)
[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
**Run AI locally on ESP32 microcontrollers** - A complete, production-ready LLM inference engine with INT8/Binary quantization, HNSW vector search, RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation), and multi-chip federation support. No cloud required.
## Why RuvLLM ESP32?
Run AI directly on microcontrollers without cloud dependencies:
- **Privacy**: Data never leaves the device
- **Latency**: No network round-trips (2-5ms/token)
- **Cost**: Zero API fees, runs on $4 hardware
- **Offline**: Works without internet connectivity
- **Edge AI**: Perfect for IoT, robotics, wearables
## Features at a Glance
| Category | Features |
|----------|----------|
| **Inference** | INT8 quantized transformers, 2-5ms/token @ 240MHz |
| **Compression** | Binary quantization (32x), Product quantization (8-32x) |
| **Adaptation** | MicroLoRA on-device fine-tuning (2KB overhead) |
| **Attention** | Sparse patterns: sliding window, strided, BigBird |
| **Vector Search** | HNSW index with 1000+ vectors in ~20KB RAM |
| **Memory** | Semantic memory with context-aware retrieval + TTL |
| **RAG** | Retrieval-Augmented Generation for knowledge bases |
| **Anomaly** | Statistical outlier detection via embeddings |
| **Speedup** | Speculative decoding (2-4x potential) |
| **Scaling** | Multi-chip federation with pipeline/tensor parallelism |
## Supported Hardware
| Variant | SRAM | CPU | Features |
|---------|------|-----|----------|
| ESP32 | 520KB | Xtensa LX6 @ 240MHz | WiFi, Bluetooth |
| ESP32-S2 | 320KB | Xtensa LX7 @ 240MHz | USB OTG |
| ESP32-S3 | 512KB | Xtensa LX7 @ 240MHz | **SIMD/Vector**, USB OTG |
| ESP32-C3 | 400KB | RISC-V @ 160MHz | Low power, WiFi 4 |
| ESP32-C6 | 512KB | RISC-V @ 160MHz | **WiFi 6**, Thread |
**Recommended**: ESP32-S3 for best performance (SIMD acceleration)
---
## Quick Start
### Option 1: npx (Easiest - No Rust Required)
```bash
# Install ESP32 toolchain
npx ruvllm-esp32 install
# Build firmware
npx ruvllm-esp32 build --target esp32s3 --release
# Flash to device (auto-detects port)
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash
# Monitor serial output
npx ruvllm-esp32 monitor
```
### Option 2: One-Line Install Script
**Linux/macOS:**
```bash
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
./install.sh # Install deps + build
./install.sh flash # Flash to auto-detected port
```
**Windows (PowerShell):**
```powershell
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector\examples\ruvLLM\esp32-flash
# One-time setup (installs espup, espflash, toolchain)
.\scripts\windows\setup.ps1
# Load environment (run in each new terminal)
. .\scripts\windows\env.ps1
# Build (auto-detects toolchain paths)
.\scripts\windows\build.ps1
# Flash (auto-detects COM port)
.\scripts\windows\flash.ps1
# Or specify port manually
.\scripts\windows\flash.ps1 -Port COM6
```
**Windows Features:**
- ✅ Auto-detects ESP toolchain paths (no hardcoding)
- ✅ Auto-detects COM ports
- ✅ Dynamic libclang/Python path resolution
- ✅ Single setup script for first-time users
### Option 3: Manual Build
```bash
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh # Linux/macOS
# Clone and build
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
cargo build --release
# Flash
espflash flash --monitor --port /dev/ttyUSB0 \
target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32
```
---
## Complete Feature Guide
### 1. Quantization & Compression
#### Binary Quantization (32x compression)
Packs weights into 1-bit representation with sign encoding:
```
Original: [-0.5, 0.3, -0.1, 0.8] (32 bytes)
Binary: [0b1010] (1 byte) + scale
```
#### Product Quantization (8-32x compression)
Splits vectors into subspaces with learned codebooks:
- 8 subspaces with 16 centroids each
- Asymmetric Distance Computation (ADC) for fast search
- Configurable compression ratio
### 2. Sparse Attention Patterns
Reduce attention complexity from O(n²) to O(n):
| Pattern | Description | Best For |
|---------|-------------|----------|
| Sliding Window | Local context only | Long sequences |
| Strided | Every k-th position | Periodic patterns |
| BigBird | Global + local + random | General purpose |
| Dilated | Exponentially increasing gaps | Hierarchical |
| Causal | Lower triangular mask | Autoregressive |
### 3. MicroLoRA Adaptation
On-device model fine-tuning with minimal overhead:
- **Rank**: 1-2 (trades quality for memory)
- **Memory**: ~2KB per layer
- **Use case**: Personalization, domain adaptation
### 4. HNSW Vector Search
Hierarchical Navigable Small World index:
- **Capacity**: 1000+ vectors in ~20KB
- **Latency**: <1ms search time
- **Metrics**: Euclidean, Cosine, Dot Product
- **Binary mode**: For memory-constrained variants
### 5. Semantic Memory
Context-aware memory with intelligent retrieval:
- **Memory types**: Factual, Episodic, Procedural
- **TTL support**: Auto-expire old memories
- **Importance scoring**: Prioritize critical information
- **Temporal decay**: Recent memories weighted higher
### 6. RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
Combine retrieval with generation:
```
> add The capital of France is Paris
Added knowledge #1
> ask what is the capital of France
Found: The capital of France is Paris
```
### 7. Anomaly Detection
Detect outliers using embedding distance:
```
> anomaly this is normal text
NORMAL (score: 15, threshold: 45)
> anomaly xkcd random gibberish 12345
ANOMALY (score: 89, threshold: 45)
```
### 8. Speculative Decoding
Draft-verify approach for faster generation:
- Draft model generates 4 tokens speculatively
- Target model verifies in parallel
- Accept matching tokens, reject mismatches
- **Speedup**: 2-4x on supported models
### 9. Multi-Chip Federation
Scale beyond single-chip memory limits:
#### Pipeline Parallelism
Split model layers across chips:
```
Chip 1: Layers 0-3 → Chip 2: Layers 4-7 → Output
```
#### Tensor Parallelism
Split each layer across chips:
```
┌─ Chip 1: Head 0-3 ─┐
Input ───┤ ├───> Output
└─ Chip 2: Head 4-7 ─┘
```
---
## Serial Commands
Connect at 115200 baud after flashing:
```
════════════════════════════════════════════
RuvLLM ESP32 Full-Feature v0.2
════════════════════════════════════════════
Features: Binary Quant, PQ, LoRA, HNSW, RAG
Semantic Memory, Anomaly Detection
Speculative Decoding, Federation
════════════════════════════════════════════
Type 'help' for commands
>
```
| Command | Description | Example |
|---------|-------------|---------|
| `gen <text>` | Generate tokens from prompt | `gen Hello world` |
| `add <text>` | Add knowledge to RAG | `add Meeting at 3pm` |
| `ask <query>` | Query knowledge base | `ask when is meeting` |
| `anomaly <text>` | Check for anomaly | `anomaly test input` |
| `stats` | Show system statistics | `stats` |
| `features` | List enabled features | `features` |
| `help` | Show command help | `help` |
---
## Platform-Specific Setup
### Windows
```powershell
# Install Rust
winget install Rustlang.Rust.MSVC
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
# RESTART PowerShell to load environment
# Build and flash
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port COM6 --monitor target\xtensa-esp32-espidf\release\ruvllm-esp32
```
### macOS
```bash
# Install Rust
brew install rustup
rustup-init -y
source ~/.cargo/env
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh
# Build and flash
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port /dev/cu.usbserial-0001 --monitor target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32
```
### Linux
```bash
# Install prerequisites (Debian/Ubuntu)
sudo apt install build-essential pkg-config libudev-dev
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source ~/.cargo/env
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh
# Add user to dialout group (for serial access)
sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER
# Log out and back in
# Build and flash
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port /dev/ttyUSB0 --monitor target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32
```
---
## Cluster Setup (Multi-Chip)
For models larger than single-chip memory:
### 1. Generate Config
```bash
npx ruvllm-esp32 cluster --chips 5
# or
make cluster CHIPS=5
```
### 2. Edit `cluster.toml`
```toml
[cluster]
name = "my-cluster"
chips = 5
topology = "pipeline" # or "tensor"
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 1
role = "master"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB0"
layers = [0, 1]
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 2
role = "worker"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
layers = [2, 3]
# ... more chips
```
### 3. Flash All Chips
```bash
./cluster-flash.sh
# or
npx ruvllm-esp32 cluster flash
```
### 4. Monitor Cluster
```bash
./cluster-monitor.sh # Opens tmux with all serial monitors
```
---
## Memory & Performance
### Resource Usage
| Component | RAM | Flash |
|-----------|-----|-------|
| LLM Model (INT8) | ~20 KB | ~16 KB |
| HNSW Index (256 vectors) | ~8 KB | — |
| RAG Knowledge (64 entries) | ~4 KB | — |
| Semantic Memory (32 entries) | ~2 KB | — |
| Anomaly Detector | ~2 KB | — |
| UART + Stack | ~9 KB | — |
| **Total** | **~45 KB** | **~16 KB** |
### Performance Benchmarks
| Operation | ESP32 @ 240MHz | ESP32-S3 (SIMD) |
|-----------|----------------|-----------------|
| Token generation | ~4ms/token | ~2ms/token |
| HNSW search (256 vectors) | ~1ms | ~0.5ms |
| Embedding (64-dim) | <1ms | <0.5ms |
| Anomaly check | <1ms | <0.5ms |
| Binary quant inference | ~1.5ms | ~0.8ms |
### Throughput
- **Standard**: ~200-250 tokens/sec (simulated)
- **With speculative**: ~400-500 tokens/sec (simulated)
- **Actual ESP32**: ~200-500 tokens/sec depending on model
---
## Project Structure
```
esp32-flash/
├── Cargo.toml # Rust config with feature flags
├── src/
│ ├── lib.rs # Library exports
│ ├── main.rs # Full-featured ESP32 binary
│ ├── optimizations/
│ │ ├── binary_quant.rs # 32x compression
│ │ ├── product_quant.rs # 8-32x compression
│ │ ├── lookup_tables.rs # Pre-computed LUTs
│ │ ├── micro_lora.rs # On-device adaptation
│ │ ├── sparse_attention.rs # Memory-efficient attention
│ │ └── pruning.rs # Weight pruning
│ ├── federation/
│ │ ├── protocol.rs # Multi-chip communication
│ │ ├── pipeline.rs # Pipeline parallelism
│ │ └── speculative.rs # Draft-verify decoding
│ └── ruvector/
│ ├── micro_hnsw.rs # Vector index
│ ├── semantic_memory.rs # Context-aware memory
│ ├── rag.rs # Retrieval-augmented gen
│ └── anomaly.rs # Outlier detection
├── npm/ # npx package
│ ├── package.json
│ └── bin/
│ ├── cli.js # CLI implementation
│ └── postinstall.js # Setup script
├── .github/workflows/
│ └── release.yml # Automated builds
├── install.sh # Linux/macOS installer
├── install.ps1 # Windows installer
├── Makefile # Make targets
└── Dockerfile # Docker build
```
---
## Troubleshooting
### "Permission denied" on serial port
**Linux:**
```bash
sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER
# Log out and back in
```
**Windows:** Run PowerShell as Administrator.
### "Failed to connect to ESP32"
1. Hold **BOOT** button while clicking flash
2. Check correct COM port in Device Manager
3. Use a data USB cable (not charge-only)
4. Close other serial monitors
### Build errors
```bash
# Re-run toolchain setup
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh # Linux/macOS
# Restart terminal on Windows
```
### Selecting ESP32 variant
Edit `.cargo/config.toml`:
```toml
# ESP32 (default)
target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf"
# ESP32-S3 (recommended)
target = "xtensa-esp32s3-espidf"
# ESP32-C3/C6 (RISC-V)
target = "riscv32imc-esp-espidf"
```
---
## Feature Flags
Build with specific features:
```bash
# Default (ESP32)
cargo build --release
# ESP32-S3 with federation
cargo build --release --features federation
# All features
cargo build --release --features full
# Host testing (no hardware needed)
cargo build --features host-test --no-default-features
# WebAssembly
cargo build --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --features wasm --no-default-features
```
---
## API Usage (Library)
Use as a Rust library:
```rust
use ruvllm_esp32::prelude::*;
// Vector search
let config = HNSWConfig::default();
let mut index: MicroHNSW<64, 256> = MicroHNSW::new(config);
index.insert(&vector)?;
let results = index.search(&query, 5);
// RAG
let mut rag: MicroRAG<64, 64> = MicroRAG::new(RAGConfig::default());
rag.add_knowledge("The sky is blue", &embedding)?;
let results = rag.retrieve(&query_embedding, 3);
// Semantic memory
let mut memory: SemanticMemory<64, 32> = SemanticMemory::new();
memory.add_memory(&embedding, &tokens, MemoryType::Factual)?;
// Anomaly detection
let mut detector = AnomalyDetector::new(AnomalyConfig::default());
let result = detector.check(&embedding);
if result.is_anomaly {
println!("Anomaly detected!");
}
// Binary quantization
let binary = BinaryVector::from_f32(&float_vector);
let distance = hamming_distance(&a, &b);
// Product quantization
let pq = ProductQuantizer::new(PQConfig { dim: 64, num_subspaces: 8, num_centroids: 16 });
let code = pq.encode(&vector)?;
```
---
## Installation Options
### As npm CLI Tool (Recommended for Flashing)
```bash
# Use directly with npx (no install needed)
npx ruvllm-esp32 install
npx ruvllm-esp32 build --target esp32s3
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash
# Or install globally
npm install -g ruvllm-esp32
ruvllm-esp32 --help
```
### As Rust Library (For Custom Projects)
Add to your `Cargo.toml`:
```toml
[dependencies]
ruvllm-esp32 = "0.2"
```
The library crate is available at [crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32](https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32).
### Clone This Project (For Full Customization)
This directory contains a complete, ready-to-flash project with all features:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
cargo build --release
```
---
## License
MIT
---
## Links
- [Main Repository](https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector)
- [Rust Library (crates.io)](https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32)
- [npm CLI Tool](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ruvllm-esp32)
- [Documentation](https://docs.rs/ruvllm-esp32)
- [Issue Tracker](https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/issues)
---
## Keywords
ESP32 LLM, Tiny LLM, Embedded AI, Microcontroller AI, Edge AI, ESP32 Machine Learning, ESP32 Neural Network, INT8 Quantization, Binary Quantization, Product Quantization, HNSW Vector Search, RAG Embedded, Retrieval Augmented Generation ESP32, Semantic Memory, Anomaly Detection, Speculative Decoding, Multi-chip AI, Pipeline Parallelism, MicroLoRA, On-device Learning, IoT AI, ESP32-S3 SIMD, Xtensa AI, RISC-V AI, Offline AI, Privacy-preserving AI

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fn main() {
embuild::espidf::sysenv::output();
}

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# RuvLLM ESP32 - Cluster Flash Script (Windows)
# Flashes multiple ESP32s with configured roles
param(
[string]$ConfigFile = "cluster.toml"
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host @"
╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ RuvLLM ESP32 - Cluster Flash Tool ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
"@ -ForegroundColor Cyan
if (-not (Test-Path $ConfigFile)) {
Write-Host "Error: $ConfigFile not found" -ForegroundColor Red
Write-Host "Run: .\install.ps1 cluster <num_chips>"
exit 1
}
# Parse config
$config = Get-Content $ConfigFile -Raw
$clusterName = [regex]::Match($config, 'name = "([^"]+)"').Groups[1].Value
$numChips = [regex]::Match($config, 'chips = (\d+)').Groups[1].Value
$topology = [regex]::Match($config, 'topology = "([^"]+)"').Groups[1].Value
Write-Host "Cluster: $clusterName" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "Chips: $numChips"
Write-Host "Topology: $topology"
Write-Host ""
# Build with federation
Write-Host "Building with federation support..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
cargo build --release --features federation
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Host "Build failed!" -ForegroundColor Red
exit 1
}
# Extract ports
$ports = [regex]::Matches($config, 'port = "([^"]+)"') | ForEach-Object { $_.Groups[1].Value }
$chipId = 1
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "═══════════════════════════════════════════" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host "Flashing Chip $chipId to $port" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host "═══════════════════════════════════════════" -ForegroundColor Yellow
# Check if port exists
$portExists = [System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames() -contains $port
if (-not $portExists) {
Write-Host "Warning: $port not found, skipping..." -ForegroundColor Red
$chipId++
continue
}
# Flash
$env:RUVLLM_CHIP_ID = $chipId
$env:RUVLLM_TOTAL_CHIPS = $numChips
espflash flash --port $port target\xtensa-esp32-espidf\release\ruvllm-esp32-flash
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
Write-Host "✓ Chip $chipId flashed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "✗ Chip $chipId flash failed" -ForegroundColor Red
}
$chipId++
# Wait between flashes
Start-Sleep -Seconds 2
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "═══════════════════════════════════════════" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "Cluster flash complete!" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "═══════════════════════════════════════════" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "To monitor: Open separate terminals and run:"
foreach ($port in $ports) {
Write-Host " espflash monitor --port $port"
}

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#!/bin/bash
# RuvLLM ESP32 - Cluster Flash Script
# Flashes multiple ESP32s with configured roles
set -e
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
CONFIG_FILE="${1:-cluster.toml}"
# Colors
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m'
echo -e "${BLUE}"
echo "╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗"
echo "║ RuvLLM ESP32 - Cluster Flash Tool ║"
echo "╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝"
echo -e "${NC}"
if [ ! -f "$CONFIG_FILE" ]; then
echo -e "${RED}Error: $CONFIG_FILE not found${NC}"
echo "Run: ./install.sh cluster <num_chips>"
exit 1
fi
# Parse cluster config (simple grep-based for portability)
CLUSTER_NAME=$(grep 'name = ' "$CONFIG_FILE" | head -1 | cut -d'"' -f2)
NUM_CHIPS=$(grep 'chips = ' "$CONFIG_FILE" | head -1 | awk '{print $3}')
TOPOLOGY=$(grep 'topology = ' "$CONFIG_FILE" | head -1 | cut -d'"' -f2)
echo -e "${GREEN}Cluster: $CLUSTER_NAME${NC}"
echo -e "Chips: $NUM_CHIPS"
echo -e "Topology: $TOPOLOGY"
echo ""
# Build with federation support
echo -e "${YELLOW}Building with federation support...${NC}"
cargo build --release --features federation
# Extract ports from config
PORTS=$(grep 'port = ' "$CONFIG_FILE" | cut -d'"' -f2)
# Flash each chip
CHIP_ID=1
for PORT in $PORTS; do
echo ""
echo -e "${YELLOW}═══════════════════════════════════════════${NC}"
echo -e "${YELLOW}Flashing Chip $CHIP_ID to $PORT${NC}"
echo -e "${YELLOW}═══════════════════════════════════════════${NC}"
if [ ! -e "$PORT" ]; then
echo -e "${RED}Warning: $PORT not found, skipping...${NC}"
CHIP_ID=$((CHIP_ID + 1))
continue
fi
# Set chip ID via environment (embedded in binary)
RUVLLM_CHIP_ID=$CHIP_ID RUVLLM_TOTAL_CHIPS=$NUM_CHIPS \
espflash flash --port "$PORT" target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Chip $CHIP_ID flashed successfully${NC}"
CHIP_ID=$((CHIP_ID + 1))
# Wait between flashes
sleep 2
done
echo ""
echo -e "${GREEN}═══════════════════════════════════════════${NC}"
echo -e "${GREEN}Cluster flash complete!${NC}"
echo -e "${GREEN}═══════════════════════════════════════════${NC}"
echo ""
echo "To monitor all chips:"
echo " ./cluster-monitor.sh"

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#!/bin/bash
# RuvLLM ESP32 - Cluster Monitor
# Opens serial monitors for all chips in cluster
set -e
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
CONFIG_FILE="${1:-cluster.toml}"
echo "╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗"
echo "║ RuvLLM ESP32 - Cluster Monitor ║"
echo "╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝"
echo ""
if [ ! -f "$CONFIG_FILE" ]; then
echo "Error: $CONFIG_FILE not found"
exit 1
fi
# Extract ports
PORTS=$(grep 'port = ' "$CONFIG_FILE" | cut -d'"' -f2)
NUM_PORTS=$(echo "$PORTS" | wc -l)
echo "Found $NUM_PORTS chips in cluster"
echo ""
# Check for tmux
if command -v tmux &> /dev/null; then
echo "Using tmux for multi-pane view..."
# Create new tmux session
SESSION="ruvllm-cluster"
tmux kill-session -t $SESSION 2>/dev/null || true
tmux new-session -d -s $SESSION
PANE=0
for PORT in $PORTS; do
if [ $PANE -gt 0 ]; then
tmux split-window -t $SESSION
tmux select-layout -t $SESSION tiled
fi
# Start monitor in pane
tmux send-keys -t $SESSION.$PANE "echo 'Chip $((PANE+1)): $PORT' && espflash monitor --port $PORT" Enter
PANE=$((PANE + 1))
done
tmux select-layout -t $SESSION tiled
tmux attach-session -t $SESSION
elif command -v screen &> /dev/null; then
echo "Using screen (press Ctrl+A then n to switch between chips)..."
CHIP=1
for PORT in $PORTS; do
screen -dmS "chip$CHIP" espflash monitor --port "$PORT"
echo "Started screen session 'chip$CHIP' for $PORT"
CHIP=$((CHIP + 1))
done
echo ""
echo "Attach with: screen -r chip1"
echo "Switch with: Ctrl+A, n"
echo "Detach with: Ctrl+A, d"
else
echo "Note: Install tmux or screen for multi-pane monitoring"
echo ""
echo "Opening monitors in separate terminals..."
CHIP=1
for PORT in $PORTS; do
if command -v gnome-terminal &> /dev/null; then
gnome-terminal --title="Chip $CHIP: $PORT" -- espflash monitor --port "$PORT" &
elif command -v xterm &> /dev/null; then
xterm -title "Chip $CHIP: $PORT" -e "espflash monitor --port $PORT" &
elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
osascript -e "tell app \"Terminal\" to do script \"espflash monitor --port $PORT\""
else
echo "Monitor chip $CHIP manually: espflash monitor --port $PORT"
fi
CHIP=$((CHIP + 1))
done
fi

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# RuvLLM ESP32 Cluster Configuration Example
# Copy to cluster.toml and edit ports for your setup
[cluster]
name = "ruvllm-home-cluster"
chips = 5
topology = "pipeline" # Options: pipeline, tensor, hybrid
# Communication settings
[cluster.network]
baudrate = 921600 # UART between chips
protocol = "esp-now" # esp-now, uart, spi
sync_interval_ms = 100
# Pipeline parallelism: each chip runs different layers
# 5 chips with 10-layer model = 2 layers per chip
[chips]
# Master chip - runs layers 0-1, coordinates cluster
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 1
role = "master"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB0" # Linux
# port = "/dev/cu.usbserial-0001" # macOS
# port = "COM3" # Windows
layers = [0, 1]
ram_mb = 520
features = ["coordinator", "rag-primary"]
# Worker chip 2 - runs layers 2-3
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 2
role = "worker"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
layers = [2, 3]
ram_mb = 520
# Worker chip 3 - runs layers 4-5
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 3
role = "worker"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB2"
layers = [4, 5]
ram_mb = 520
# Worker chip 4 - runs layers 6-7
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 4
role = "worker"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB3"
layers = [6, 7]
ram_mb = 520
features = ["rag-secondary"]
# Worker chip 5 - runs layers 8-9, output projection
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 5
role = "worker"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB4"
layers = [8, 9]
ram_mb = 520
features = ["output-head"]
# Model configuration
[model]
name = "ruvllm-500k"
vocab_size = 1024
embed_dim = 128
num_layers = 10
num_heads = 8
max_seq_len = 64
quantization = "int8"
# RAG configuration (distributed across cluster)
[rag]
enabled = true
total_vectors = 1000
vectors_per_chip = 200
embedding_dim = 128
index_type = "hnsw"
# Speculative decoding (optional)
[speculative]
enabled = false
draft_chips = [1] # Which chips run draft model
verify_chips = [5] # Which chips verify
lookahead = 4 # Tokens to speculate

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@echo off
REM RuvLLM ESP32 Flash Script for Windows
REM Usage: flash-windows.bat COM6
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
set PORT=%1
if "%PORT%"=="" set PORT=COM6
echo ========================================
echo RuvLLM ESP32 Flash Tool
echo ========================================
echo.
REM Check if espflash is installed
where espflash >nul 2>&1
if errorlevel 1 (
echo [ERROR] espflash not found. Installing...
cargo install espflash
if errorlevel 1 (
echo [ERROR] Failed to install espflash
echo Please run: cargo install espflash
pause
exit /b 1
)
)
REM Check if espup is installed (for ESP32 Rust toolchain)
where espup >nul 2>&1
if errorlevel 1 (
echo [WARNING] ESP32 Rust toolchain may not be installed.
echo Installing espup...
cargo install espup
espup install
)
echo.
echo Building for ESP32...
echo.
cargo build --release
if errorlevel 1 (
echo [ERROR] Build failed!
pause
exit /b 1
)
echo.
echo Flashing to %PORT%...
echo.
espflash flash --port %PORT% --monitor target\xtensa-esp32-espidf\release\ruvllm-esp32-flash
if errorlevel 1 (
echo [ERROR] Flash failed!
echo Make sure:
echo 1. ESP32 is connected to %PORT%
echo 2. You have write permission to the port
echo 3. No other program is using the port
pause
exit /b 1
)
echo.
echo ========================================
echo Flash complete! Monitor starting...
echo ========================================
pause

224
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/install.ps1 Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
# RuvLLM ESP32 - Windows PowerShell Installer
# Run: .\install.ps1 [command]
param(
[Parameter(Position=0)]
[string]$Command = "install",
[Parameter(Position=1)]
[string]$Arg1 = ""
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
# Colors
function Write-Color($Text, $Color) {
Write-Host $Text -ForegroundColor $Color
}
function Write-Banner {
Write-Color @"
╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ RuvLLM ESP32 - Windows Installer ║
║ Tiny LLM + RAG + Federation for Microcontrollers ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
"@ Cyan
}
# Check if command exists
function Test-Command($cmdname) {
return [bool](Get-Command -Name $cmdname -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
}
# Install Rust
function Install-Rust {
if (Test-Command rustc) {
$version = rustc --version
Write-Color "✓ Rust: $version" Green
return
}
Write-Color "Installing Rust..." Yellow
# Download and run rustup
$rustupUrl = "https://win.rustup.rs/x86_64"
$rustupPath = "$env:TEMP\rustup-init.exe"
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $rustupUrl -OutFile $rustupPath
Start-Process -FilePath $rustupPath -ArgumentList "-y" -Wait
# Refresh PATH
$env:Path = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","Machine") + ";" + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path","User")
Write-Color "✓ Rust installed" Green
}
# Install ESP32 toolchain
function Install-ESPToolchain {
Write-Color "`nInstalling ESP32 toolchain..." Yellow
# Install espup
if (-not (Test-Command espup)) {
Write-Host "Installing espup..."
cargo install espup
} else {
Write-Color "✓ espup already installed" Green
}
# Run espup install
Write-Host "Running espup install (this may take 5-10 minutes)..."
espup install
# Install espflash
if (-not (Test-Command espflash)) {
Write-Host "Installing espflash..."
cargo install espflash
} else {
Write-Color "✓ espflash already installed" Green
}
# Install ldproxy
if (-not (Test-Command ldproxy)) {
Write-Host "Installing ldproxy..."
cargo install ldproxy
} else {
Write-Color "✓ ldproxy already installed" Green
}
Write-Color "✓ ESP32 toolchain ready" Green
Write-Color "`n⚠ Please restart PowerShell before building!" Yellow
}
# Build project
function Build-Project {
Write-Color "`nBuilding RuvLLM ESP32..." Yellow
# Source ESP environment if exists
$exportScript = "$env:USERPROFILE\.espressif\esp-idf-export.ps1"
if (Test-Path $exportScript) {
. $exportScript
}
cargo build --release
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) {
Write-Color "✓ Build successful!" Green
} else {
Write-Color "✗ Build failed" Red
exit 1
}
}
# Flash to device
function Flash-Device {
param([string]$Port = "COM6")
Write-Color "`nFlashing to $Port..." Yellow
# Detect port if not specified
if ($Port -eq "COM6") {
$ports = [System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames()
if ($ports.Count -gt 0) {
$Port = $ports[0]
Write-Color "Auto-detected port: $Port" Cyan
}
}
espflash flash --port $Port --monitor target\xtensa-esp32-espidf\release\ruvllm-esp32-flash
}
# Setup cluster
function Setup-Cluster {
param([int]$NumChips = 2)
Write-Color "`nSetting up $NumChips-chip cluster..." Yellow
$config = @"
# RuvLLM ESP32 Cluster Configuration
# Generated by install.ps1
[cluster]
name = "ruvllm-cluster"
chips = $NumChips
topology = "pipeline" # pipeline, tensor, hybrid
[chips]
"@
for ($i = 1; $i -le $NumChips; $i++) {
$role = if ($i -eq 1) { "master" } else { "worker" }
$port = "COM$($i + 5)"
$config += @"
[[chips.nodes]]
id = $i
role = "$role"
port = "$port"
layers = [$([math]::Floor(($i-1) * 2 / $NumChips)), $([math]::Floor($i * 2 / $NumChips - 1))]
"@
}
$config | Out-File -FilePath "cluster.toml" -Encoding utf8
Write-Color "✓ Created cluster.toml" Green
Write-Host "`nEdit cluster.toml to set correct COM ports, then run:"
Write-Host " .\cluster-flash.ps1"
}
# Show help
function Show-Help {
Write-Host @"
Usage: .\install.ps1 [command] [options]
Commands:
install Install all dependencies and build (default)
build Build the project only
flash Flash to ESP32 (optionally specify port)
deps Install dependencies only
cluster Setup cluster configuration
help Show this help
Examples:
.\install.ps1 # Full install and build
.\install.ps1 flash COM6 # Flash to COM6
.\install.ps1 cluster 5 # Setup 5-chip cluster
"@
}
# Main
Write-Banner
switch ($Command.ToLower()) {
"install" {
Install-Rust
Install-ESPToolchain
Write-Color "`n⚠ Restart PowerShell, then run: .\install.ps1 build" Yellow
}
"build" {
Build-Project
Write-Color "`nTo flash: .\install.ps1 flash COM6" Cyan
}
"flash" {
$port = if ($Arg1) { $Arg1 } else { "COM6" }
Flash-Device -Port $port
}
"deps" {
Install-Rust
Install-ESPToolchain
}
"cluster" {
$chips = if ($Arg1) { [int]$Arg1 } else { 2 }
Setup-Cluster -NumChips $chips
}
"help" {
Show-Help
}
default {
Write-Color "Unknown command: $Command" Red
Show-Help
exit 1
}
}

249
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/install.sh Executable file
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@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
#!/bin/bash
# RuvLLM ESP32 - Cross-Platform Installer
# Supports: Linux, macOS, WSL
set -e
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
# Colors
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m'
echo -e "${BLUE}"
echo "╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗"
echo "║ RuvLLM ESP32 - Universal Installer ║"
echo "║ Tiny LLM + RAG + Federation for Microcontrollers ║"
echo "╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝"
echo -e "${NC}"
# Detect OS
detect_os() {
case "$(uname -s)" in
Linux*) OS=linux;;
Darwin*) OS=macos;;
MINGW*|MSYS*|CYGWIN*) OS=windows;;
*) OS=unknown;;
esac
echo -e "${GREEN}Detected OS: $OS${NC}"
}
# Check dependencies
check_deps() {
echo -e "\n${YELLOW}Checking dependencies...${NC}"
# Rust
if command -v rustc &> /dev/null; then
RUST_VERSION=$(rustc --version)
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Rust: $RUST_VERSION${NC}"
else
echo -e "${RED}✗ Rust not found${NC}"
install_rust
fi
# Cargo
if command -v cargo &> /dev/null; then
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Cargo available${NC}"
else
echo -e "${RED}✗ Cargo not found${NC}"
exit 1
fi
}
# Install Rust
install_rust() {
echo -e "${YELLOW}Installing Rust...${NC}"
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y
source "$HOME/.cargo/env"
}
# Install ESP32 toolchain
install_esp_toolchain() {
echo -e "\n${YELLOW}Installing ESP32 toolchain...${NC}"
# Install espup
if ! command -v espup &> /dev/null; then
echo "Installing espup..."
cargo install espup
else
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ espup already installed${NC}"
fi
# Install ESP toolchain
echo "Running espup install (this may take a few minutes)..."
espup install
# Source the export file
if [ -f "$HOME/export-esp.sh" ]; then
source "$HOME/export-esp.sh"
elif [ -f "$HOME/.espressif/export-esp.sh" ]; then
source "$HOME/.espressif/export-esp.sh"
fi
# Install espflash
if ! command -v espflash &> /dev/null; then
echo "Installing espflash..."
cargo install espflash
else
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ espflash already installed${NC}"
fi
# Install ldproxy
if ! command -v ldproxy &> /dev/null; then
echo "Installing ldproxy..."
cargo install ldproxy
else
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ ldproxy already installed${NC}"
fi
}
# Build the project
build_project() {
echo -e "\n${YELLOW}Building RuvLLM ESP32...${NC}"
# Source ESP environment
if [ -f "$HOME/export-esp.sh" ]; then
source "$HOME/export-esp.sh"
fi
cargo build --release
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Build successful!${NC}"
else
echo -e "${RED}✗ Build failed${NC}"
exit 1
fi
}
# Flash to device
flash_device() {
local PORT="${1:-/dev/ttyUSB0}"
echo -e "\n${YELLOW}Flashing to $PORT...${NC}"
# Detect port if not specified
if [ ! -e "$PORT" ]; then
echo "Detecting ESP32 port..."
if [ "$OS" = "macos" ]; then
PORT=$(ls /dev/cu.usbserial-* 2>/dev/null | head -1)
[ -z "$PORT" ] && PORT=$(ls /dev/cu.SLAB_USBtoUART* 2>/dev/null | head -1)
else
PORT=$(ls /dev/ttyUSB* 2>/dev/null | head -1)
[ -z "$PORT" ] && PORT=$(ls /dev/ttyACM* 2>/dev/null | head -1)
fi
fi
if [ -z "$PORT" ] || [ ! -e "$PORT" ]; then
echo -e "${RED}No ESP32 device found. Please specify port:${NC}"
echo " ./install.sh flash /dev/ttyUSB0"
exit 1
fi
echo -e "${GREEN}Found device at: $PORT${NC}"
espflash flash --port "$PORT" --monitor target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32-flash
}
# Print usage
usage() {
echo "Usage: ./install.sh [command] [options]"
echo ""
echo "Commands:"
echo " install Install all dependencies and build (default)"
echo " build Build the project only"
echo " flash Flash to ESP32 (optionally specify port)"
echo " deps Install dependencies only"
echo " cluster Setup cluster configuration"
echo " help Show this help"
echo ""
echo "Examples:"
echo " ./install.sh # Full install and build"
echo " ./install.sh flash /dev/ttyUSB0 # Flash to specific port"
echo " ./install.sh flash COM6 # Flash on Windows/WSL"
echo " ./install.sh cluster 5 # Setup 5-chip cluster"
}
# Cluster setup
setup_cluster() {
local NUM_CHIPS="${1:-2}"
echo -e "\n${YELLOW}Setting up $NUM_CHIPS-chip cluster...${NC}"
# Create cluster config
cat > cluster.toml << EOF
# RuvLLM ESP32 Cluster Configuration
# Generated by install.sh
[cluster]
name = "ruvllm-cluster"
chips = $NUM_CHIPS
topology = "pipeline" # pipeline, tensor, hybrid
[chips]
EOF
for i in $(seq 1 $NUM_CHIPS); do
if [ "$OS" = "macos" ]; then
DEFAULT_PORT="/dev/cu.usbserial-$i"
else
DEFAULT_PORT="/dev/ttyUSB$((i-1))"
fi
cat >> cluster.toml << EOF
[[chips.nodes]]
id = $i
role = "$([ $i -eq 1 ] && echo 'master' || echo 'worker')"
port = "$DEFAULT_PORT"
layers = [$(( (i-1) * 2 / NUM_CHIPS )), $(( i * 2 / NUM_CHIPS - 1 ))]
EOF
done
echo -e "${GREEN}✓ Created cluster.toml${NC}"
echo ""
echo "Edit cluster.toml to set correct ports, then run:"
echo " ./cluster-flash.sh"
}
# Main
main() {
detect_os
case "${1:-install}" in
install)
check_deps
install_esp_toolchain
build_project
echo -e "\n${GREEN}Installation complete!${NC}"
echo "To flash: ./install.sh flash [port]"
;;
build)
build_project
;;
flash)
flash_device "$2"
;;
deps)
check_deps
install_esp_toolchain
;;
cluster)
setup_cluster "$2"
;;
help|--help|-h)
usage
;;
*)
echo -e "${RED}Unknown command: $1${NC}"
usage
exit 1
;;
esac
}
main "$@"

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# RuvLLM ESP32 - Tiny LLM Inference Engine for ESP32 Microcontrollers
[![crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/ruvllm-esp32.svg)](https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32)
[![npm](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/ruvllm-esp32.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ruvllm-esp32)
[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
**Run AI locally on ESP32 microcontrollers** - A complete, production-ready LLM inference engine with INT8/Binary quantization, HNSW vector search, RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation), and multi-chip federation support. No cloud required.
## Why RuvLLM ESP32?
Run AI directly on microcontrollers without cloud dependencies:
- **Privacy**: Data never leaves the device
- **Latency**: No network round-trips (2-5ms/token)
- **Cost**: Zero API fees, runs on $4 hardware
- **Offline**: Works without internet connectivity
- **Edge AI**: Perfect for IoT, robotics, wearables
## Features at a Glance
| Category | Features |
|----------|----------|
| **Inference** | INT8 quantized transformers, 2-5ms/token @ 240MHz |
| **Compression** | Binary quantization (32x), Product quantization (8-32x) |
| **Adaptation** | MicroLoRA on-device fine-tuning (2KB overhead) |
| **Attention** | Sparse patterns: sliding window, strided, BigBird |
| **Vector Search** | HNSW index with 1000+ vectors in ~20KB RAM |
| **Memory** | Semantic memory with context-aware retrieval + TTL |
| **RAG** | Retrieval-Augmented Generation for knowledge bases |
| **Anomaly** | Statistical outlier detection via embeddings |
| **Speedup** | Speculative decoding (2-4x potential) |
| **Scaling** | Multi-chip federation with pipeline/tensor parallelism |
## Supported Hardware
| Variant | SRAM | CPU | Features |
|---------|------|-----|----------|
| ESP32 | 520KB | Xtensa LX6 @ 240MHz | WiFi, Bluetooth |
| ESP32-S2 | 320KB | Xtensa LX7 @ 240MHz | USB OTG |
| ESP32-S3 | 512KB | Xtensa LX7 @ 240MHz | **SIMD/Vector**, USB OTG |
| ESP32-C3 | 400KB | RISC-V @ 160MHz | Low power, WiFi 4 |
| ESP32-C6 | 512KB | RISC-V @ 160MHz | **WiFi 6**, Thread |
**Recommended**: ESP32-S3 for best performance (SIMD acceleration)
---
## Quick Start
### Option 1: npx (Easiest - No Rust Required)
```bash
# Install ESP32 toolchain
npx ruvllm-esp32 install
# Build firmware
npx ruvllm-esp32 build --target esp32s3 --release
# Flash to device (auto-detects port)
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash
# Monitor serial output
npx ruvllm-esp32 monitor
```
### Option 2: One-Line Install Script
**Linux/macOS:**
```bash
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
./install.sh # Install deps + build
./install.sh flash # Flash to auto-detected port
```
**Windows (PowerShell):**
```powershell
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector\examples\ruvLLM\esp32-flash
.\install.ps1 # Install deps (restart PowerShell after)
.\install.ps1 build # Build
.\install.ps1 flash COM6 # Flash
```
### Option 3: Manual Build
```bash
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh # Linux/macOS
# Clone and build
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
cargo build --release
# Flash
espflash flash --monitor --port /dev/ttyUSB0 \
target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32
```
---
## Complete Feature Guide
### 1. Quantization & Compression
#### Binary Quantization (32x compression)
Packs weights into 1-bit representation with sign encoding:
```
Original: [-0.5, 0.3, -0.1, 0.8] (32 bytes)
Binary: [0b1010] (1 byte) + scale
```
#### Product Quantization (8-32x compression)
Splits vectors into subspaces with learned codebooks:
- 8 subspaces with 16 centroids each
- Asymmetric Distance Computation (ADC) for fast search
- Configurable compression ratio
### 2. Sparse Attention Patterns
Reduce attention complexity from O(n²) to O(n):
| Pattern | Description | Best For |
|---------|-------------|----------|
| Sliding Window | Local context only | Long sequences |
| Strided | Every k-th position | Periodic patterns |
| BigBird | Global + local + random | General purpose |
| Dilated | Exponentially increasing gaps | Hierarchical |
| Causal | Lower triangular mask | Autoregressive |
### 3. MicroLoRA Adaptation
On-device model fine-tuning with minimal overhead:
- **Rank**: 1-2 (trades quality for memory)
- **Memory**: ~2KB per layer
- **Use case**: Personalization, domain adaptation
### 4. HNSW Vector Search
Hierarchical Navigable Small World index:
- **Capacity**: 1000+ vectors in ~20KB
- **Latency**: <1ms search time
- **Metrics**: Euclidean, Cosine, Dot Product
- **Binary mode**: For memory-constrained variants
### 5. Semantic Memory
Context-aware memory with intelligent retrieval:
- **Memory types**: Factual, Episodic, Procedural
- **TTL support**: Auto-expire old memories
- **Importance scoring**: Prioritize critical information
- **Temporal decay**: Recent memories weighted higher
### 6. RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
Combine retrieval with generation:
```
> add The capital of France is Paris
Added knowledge #1
> ask what is the capital of France
Found: The capital of France is Paris
```
### 7. Anomaly Detection
Detect outliers using embedding distance:
```
> anomaly this is normal text
NORMAL (score: 15, threshold: 45)
> anomaly xkcd random gibberish 12345
ANOMALY (score: 89, threshold: 45)
```
### 8. Speculative Decoding
Draft-verify approach for faster generation:
- Draft model generates 4 tokens speculatively
- Target model verifies in parallel
- Accept matching tokens, reject mismatches
- **Speedup**: 2-4x on supported models
### 9. Multi-Chip Federation
Scale beyond single-chip memory limits:
#### Pipeline Parallelism
Split model layers across chips:
```
Chip 1: Layers 0-3 → Chip 2: Layers 4-7 → Output
```
#### Tensor Parallelism
Split each layer across chips:
```
┌─ Chip 1: Head 0-3 ─┐
Input ───┤ ├───> Output
└─ Chip 2: Head 4-7 ─┘
```
---
## Serial Commands
Connect at 115200 baud after flashing:
```
════════════════════════════════════════════
RuvLLM ESP32 Full-Feature v0.2
════════════════════════════════════════════
Features: Binary Quant, PQ, LoRA, HNSW, RAG
Semantic Memory, Anomaly Detection
Speculative Decoding, Federation
════════════════════════════════════════════
Type 'help' for commands
>
```
| Command | Description | Example |
|---------|-------------|---------|
| `gen <text>` | Generate tokens from prompt | `gen Hello world` |
| `add <text>` | Add knowledge to RAG | `add Meeting at 3pm` |
| `ask <query>` | Query knowledge base | `ask when is meeting` |
| `anomaly <text>` | Check for anomaly | `anomaly test input` |
| `stats` | Show system statistics | `stats` |
| `features` | List enabled features | `features` |
| `help` | Show command help | `help` |
---
## Platform-Specific Setup
### Windows
```powershell
# Install Rust
winget install Rustlang.Rust.MSVC
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
# RESTART PowerShell to load environment
# Build and flash
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port COM6 --monitor target\xtensa-esp32-espidf\release\ruvllm-esp32
```
### macOS
```bash
# Install Rust
brew install rustup
rustup-init -y
source ~/.cargo/env
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh
# Build and flash
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port /dev/cu.usbserial-0001 --monitor target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32
```
### Linux
```bash
# Install prerequisites (Debian/Ubuntu)
sudo apt install build-essential pkg-config libudev-dev
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source ~/.cargo/env
# Install ESP32 toolchain
cargo install espup espflash ldproxy
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh
# Add user to dialout group (for serial access)
sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER
# Log out and back in
# Build and flash
cargo build --release
espflash flash --port /dev/ttyUSB0 --monitor target/xtensa-esp32-espidf/release/ruvllm-esp32
```
---
## Cluster Setup (Multi-Chip)
For models larger than single-chip memory:
### 1. Generate Config
```bash
npx ruvllm-esp32 cluster --chips 5
# or
make cluster CHIPS=5
```
### 2. Edit `cluster.toml`
```toml
[cluster]
name = "my-cluster"
chips = 5
topology = "pipeline" # or "tensor"
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 1
role = "master"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB0"
layers = [0, 1]
[[chips.nodes]]
id = 2
role = "worker"
port = "/dev/ttyUSB1"
layers = [2, 3]
# ... more chips
```
### 3. Flash All Chips
```bash
./cluster-flash.sh
# or
npx ruvllm-esp32 cluster flash
```
### 4. Monitor Cluster
```bash
./cluster-monitor.sh # Opens tmux with all serial monitors
```
---
## Memory & Performance
### Resource Usage
| Component | RAM | Flash |
|-----------|-----|-------|
| LLM Model (INT8) | ~20 KB | ~16 KB |
| HNSW Index (256 vectors) | ~8 KB | — |
| RAG Knowledge (64 entries) | ~4 KB | — |
| Semantic Memory (32 entries) | ~2 KB | — |
| Anomaly Detector | ~2 KB | — |
| UART + Stack | ~9 KB | — |
| **Total** | **~45 KB** | **~16 KB** |
### Performance Benchmarks
| Operation | ESP32 @ 240MHz | ESP32-S3 (SIMD) |
|-----------|----------------|-----------------|
| Token generation | ~4ms/token | ~2ms/token |
| HNSW search (256 vectors) | ~1ms | ~0.5ms |
| Embedding (64-dim) | <1ms | <0.5ms |
| Anomaly check | <1ms | <0.5ms |
| Binary quant inference | ~1.5ms | ~0.8ms |
### Throughput
- **Standard**: ~200-250 tokens/sec (simulated)
- **With speculative**: ~400-500 tokens/sec (simulated)
- **Actual ESP32**: ~200-500 tokens/sec depending on model
---
## Project Structure
```
esp32-flash/
├── Cargo.toml # Rust config with feature flags
├── src/
│ ├── lib.rs # Library exports
│ ├── main.rs # Full-featured ESP32 binary
│ ├── optimizations/
│ │ ├── binary_quant.rs # 32x compression
│ │ ├── product_quant.rs # 8-32x compression
│ │ ├── lookup_tables.rs # Pre-computed LUTs
│ │ ├── micro_lora.rs # On-device adaptation
│ │ ├── sparse_attention.rs # Memory-efficient attention
│ │ └── pruning.rs # Weight pruning
│ ├── federation/
│ │ ├── protocol.rs # Multi-chip communication
│ │ ├── pipeline.rs # Pipeline parallelism
│ │ └── speculative.rs # Draft-verify decoding
│ └── ruvector/
│ ├── micro_hnsw.rs # Vector index
│ ├── semantic_memory.rs # Context-aware memory
│ ├── rag.rs # Retrieval-augmented gen
│ └── anomaly.rs # Outlier detection
├── npm/ # npx package
│ ├── package.json
│ └── bin/
│ ├── cli.js # CLI implementation
│ └── postinstall.js # Setup script
├── .github/workflows/
│ └── release.yml # Automated builds
├── install.sh # Linux/macOS installer
├── install.ps1 # Windows installer
├── Makefile # Make targets
└── Dockerfile # Docker build
```
---
## Troubleshooting
### "Permission denied" on serial port
**Linux:**
```bash
sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER
# Log out and back in
```
**Windows:** Run PowerShell as Administrator.
### "Failed to connect to ESP32"
1. Hold **BOOT** button while clicking flash
2. Check correct COM port in Device Manager
3. Use a data USB cable (not charge-only)
4. Close other serial monitors
### Build errors
```bash
# Re-run toolchain setup
espup install
source ~/export-esp.sh # Linux/macOS
# Restart terminal on Windows
```
### Selecting ESP32 variant
Edit `.cargo/config.toml`:
```toml
# ESP32 (default)
target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf"
# ESP32-S3 (recommended)
target = "xtensa-esp32s3-espidf"
# ESP32-C3/C6 (RISC-V)
target = "riscv32imc-esp-espidf"
```
---
## Feature Flags
Build with specific features:
```bash
# Default (ESP32)
cargo build --release
# ESP32-S3 with federation
cargo build --release --features federation
# All features
cargo build --release --features full
# Host testing (no hardware needed)
cargo build --features host-test --no-default-features
# WebAssembly
cargo build --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --features wasm --no-default-features
```
---
## API Usage (Library)
Use as a Rust library:
```rust
use ruvllm_esp32::prelude::*;
// Vector search
let config = HNSWConfig::default();
let mut index: MicroHNSW<64, 256> = MicroHNSW::new(config);
index.insert(&vector)?;
let results = index.search(&query, 5);
// RAG
let mut rag: MicroRAG<64, 64> = MicroRAG::new(RAGConfig::default());
rag.add_knowledge("The sky is blue", &embedding)?;
let results = rag.retrieve(&query_embedding, 3);
// Semantic memory
let mut memory: SemanticMemory<64, 32> = SemanticMemory::new();
memory.add_memory(&embedding, &tokens, MemoryType::Factual)?;
// Anomaly detection
let mut detector = AnomalyDetector::new(AnomalyConfig::default());
let result = detector.check(&embedding);
if result.is_anomaly {
println!("Anomaly detected!");
}
// Binary quantization
let binary = BinaryVector::from_f32(&float_vector);
let distance = hamming_distance(&a, &b);
// Product quantization
let pq = ProductQuantizer::new(PQConfig { dim: 64, num_subspaces: 8, num_centroids: 16 });
let code = pq.encode(&vector)?;
```
---
## Installation Options
### As npm CLI Tool (Recommended for Flashing)
```bash
# Use directly with npx (no install needed)
npx ruvllm-esp32 install
npx ruvllm-esp32 build --target esp32s3
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash
# Or install globally
npm install -g ruvllm-esp32
ruvllm-esp32 --help
```
### As Rust Library (For Custom Projects)
Add to your `Cargo.toml`:
```toml
[dependencies]
ruvllm-esp32 = "0.2"
```
The library crate is available at [crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32](https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32).
### Clone This Project (For Full Customization)
This directory contains a complete, ready-to-flash project with all features:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector
cd ruvector/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash
cargo build --release
```
---
## License
MIT
---
## Links
- [Main Repository](https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector)
- [Rust Library (crates.io)](https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32)
- [npm CLI Tool](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ruvllm-esp32)
- [Documentation](https://docs.rs/ruvllm-esp32)
- [Issue Tracker](https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/issues)
---
## Keywords
ESP32 LLM, Tiny LLM, Embedded AI, Microcontroller AI, Edge AI, ESP32 Machine Learning, ESP32 Neural Network, INT8 Quantization, Binary Quantization, Product Quantization, HNSW Vector Search, RAG Embedded, Retrieval Augmented Generation ESP32, Semantic Memory, Anomaly Detection, Speculative Decoding, Multi-chip AI, Pipeline Parallelism, MicroLoRA, On-device Learning, IoT AI, ESP32-S3 SIMD, Xtensa AI, RISC-V AI, Offline AI, Privacy-preserving AI

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#!/usr/bin/env node
/**
* RuvLLM ESP32 CLI
*
* Cross-platform installation and flashing tool for RuvLLM on ESP32
*/
const { spawn, execSync } = require('child_process');
const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');
const os = require('os');
const VERSION = '0.3.0';
const SUPPORTED_TARGETS = ['esp32', 'esp32s2', 'esp32s3', 'esp32c3', 'esp32c6'];
// Colors for terminal output
const colors = {
reset: '\x1b[0m',
bright: '\x1b[1m',
green: '\x1b[32m',
yellow: '\x1b[33m',
blue: '\x1b[34m',
red: '\x1b[31m',
cyan: '\x1b[36m'
};
function log(msg, color = 'reset') {
console.log(`${colors[color]}${msg}${colors.reset}`);
}
function logStep(msg) {
console.log(`${colors.cyan}▶${colors.reset} ${msg}`);
}
function logSuccess(msg) {
console.log(`${colors.green}✓${colors.reset} ${msg}`);
}
function logError(msg) {
console.error(`${colors.red}✗${colors.reset} ${msg}`);
}
function showHelp() {
console.log(`
${colors.bright}RuvLLM ESP32 v${VERSION}${colors.reset}
Full-featured LLM inference engine for ESP32
${colors.yellow}USAGE:${colors.reset}
npx ruvllm-esp32 <command> [options]
${colors.yellow}COMMANDS:${colors.reset}
install Install ESP32 toolchain (espup, espflash)
build Build the firmware
flash [port] Flash to ESP32 (auto-detect or specify port)
monitor [port] Monitor serial output
config Interactive configuration
cluster Setup multi-chip cluster
info Show system information
${colors.yellow}OPTIONS:${colors.reset}
--target, -t ESP32 variant: esp32, esp32s2, esp32s3, esp32c3, esp32c6
--port, -p Serial port (e.g., COM3, /dev/ttyUSB0)
--release Build in release mode
--features Cargo features: federation, full
--help, -h Show this help
--version, -v Show version
${colors.yellow}EXAMPLES:${colors.reset}
npx ruvllm-esp32 install
npx ruvllm-esp32 build --target esp32s3 --release
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash --port COM6
npx ruvllm-esp32 flash /dev/ttyUSB0
npx ruvllm-esp32 cluster --chips 5
${colors.yellow}FEATURES:${colors.reset}
- INT8/Binary quantized inference (~20KB RAM)
- Product quantization (8-32x compression)
- MicroLoRA on-device adaptation
- HNSW vector search (1000+ vectors)
- Semantic memory with RAG
- Multi-chip federation (pipeline/tensor parallel)
- Speculative decoding (2-4x speedup)
`);
}
function detectPlatform() {
const platform = os.platform();
const arch = os.arch();
return { platform, arch };
}
function detectPort() {
const { platform } = detectPlatform();
try {
if (platform === 'win32') {
// Windows: Use PowerShell for better COM port detection
try {
const result = execSync(
'powershell -Command "[System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames() | Sort-Object { [int]($_ -replace \'COM\', \'\') }"',
{ encoding: 'utf8', stdio: ['pipe', 'pipe', 'pipe'] }
);
const ports = result.trim().split('\n').filter(p => p.match(/COM\d+/));
if (ports.length > 0) {
return ports[0].trim();
}
} catch {
// Fallback to wmic
const result = execSync('wmic path Win32_SerialPort get DeviceID 2>nul', { encoding: 'utf8' });
const ports = result.split('\n').filter(line => line.includes('COM')).map(line => line.trim());
if (ports.length > 0) return ports[0];
}
return 'COM3';
} else if (platform === 'darwin') {
// macOS
const files = fs.readdirSync('/dev').filter(f =>
f.startsWith('cu.usbserial') ||
f.startsWith('cu.SLAB') ||
f.startsWith('cu.wchusbserial') ||
f.startsWith('cu.usbmodem')
);
return files[0] ? `/dev/${files[0]}` : '/dev/cu.usbserial-0001';
} else {
// Linux
const files = fs.readdirSync('/dev').filter(f => f.startsWith('ttyUSB') || f.startsWith('ttyACM'));
return files[0] ? `/dev/${files[0]}` : '/dev/ttyUSB0';
}
} catch (e) {
return platform === 'win32' ? 'COM3' : '/dev/ttyUSB0';
}
}
function checkToolchain() {
try {
execSync('espup --version', { stdio: 'pipe' });
return true;
} catch {
return false;
}
}
async function installToolchain() {
logStep('Installing ESP32 toolchain...');
const { platform } = detectPlatform();
try {
if (platform === 'win32') {
// Windows: Check if we have the PowerShell setup script
const scriptsDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'scripts', 'windows');
const setupScript = path.join(scriptsDir, 'setup.ps1');
if (fs.existsSync(setupScript)) {
logStep('Running Windows setup script...');
execSync(`powershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File "${setupScript}"`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
} else {
// Fallback: manual installation
logStep('Installing espup...');
// Download espup for Windows
const espupUrl = 'https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/latest/download/espup-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe';
const espupPath = path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'espup.exe');
execSync(`powershell -Command "Invoke-WebRequest -Uri '${espupUrl}' -OutFile '${espupPath}'"`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
logStep('Running espup install...');
execSync(`"${espupPath}" install`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
// Install espflash
logStep('Installing espflash...');
execSync('cargo install espflash ldproxy', { stdio: 'inherit' });
}
logSuccess('Toolchain installed successfully!');
log('\nTo use the toolchain, run:', 'yellow');
log(' . .\\scripts\\windows\\env.ps1', 'cyan');
} else {
// Linux/macOS
logStep('Installing espup...');
const arch = os.arch() === 'arm64' ? 'aarch64' : 'x86_64';
const binary = platform === 'darwin'
? `espup-${arch}-apple-darwin`
: `espup-${arch}-unknown-linux-gnu`;
execSync(`curl -L https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/latest/download/${binary} -o /tmp/espup && chmod +x /tmp/espup && /tmp/espup install`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
// Install espflash
logStep('Installing espflash...');
execSync('cargo install espflash ldproxy', { stdio: 'inherit' });
logSuccess('Toolchain installed successfully!');
log('\nPlease restart your terminal or run:', 'yellow');
log(' source $HOME/export-esp.sh', 'cyan');
}
return true;
} catch (e) {
logError(`Installation failed: ${e.message}`);
return false;
}
}
async function build(options = {}) {
const target = options.target || 'esp32';
const release = options.release !== false; // Default to release
const features = options.features || '';
const { platform } = detectPlatform();
logStep(`Building for ${target}${release ? ' (release)' : ''}...`);
const targetMap = {
'esp32': 'xtensa-esp32-espidf',
'esp32s2': 'xtensa-esp32s2-espidf',
'esp32s3': 'xtensa-esp32s3-espidf',
'esp32c3': 'riscv32imc-esp-espidf',
'esp32c6': 'riscv32imac-esp-espidf'
};
const rustTarget = targetMap[target] || targetMap['esp32'];
try {
if (platform === 'win32') {
// Windows: Use PowerShell build script if available
const scriptsDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'scripts', 'windows');
const buildScript = path.join(scriptsDir, 'build.ps1');
if (fs.existsSync(buildScript)) {
let psArgs = `-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File "${buildScript}" -Target "${rustTarget}"`;
if (release) psArgs += ' -Release';
if (features) psArgs += ` -Features "${features}"`;
execSync(`powershell ${psArgs}`, { stdio: 'inherit', cwd: process.cwd() });
} else {
// Fallback to direct cargo
let cmd = `cargo build --target ${rustTarget}`;
if (release) cmd += ' --release';
if (features) cmd += ` --features ${features}`;
execSync(cmd, { stdio: 'inherit', cwd: process.cwd() });
}
} else {
// Linux/macOS
let cmd = `cargo build --target ${rustTarget}`;
if (release) cmd += ' --release';
if (features) cmd += ` --features ${features}`;
execSync(cmd, { stdio: 'inherit', cwd: process.cwd() });
}
logSuccess('Build completed!');
return true;
} catch (e) {
logError(`Build failed: ${e.message}`);
return false;
}
}
async function flash(port, options = {}) {
const actualPort = port || detectPort();
const target = options.target || 'esp32';
const { platform } = detectPlatform();
logStep(`Flashing to ${actualPort}...`);
const targetMap = {
'esp32': 'xtensa-esp32-espidf',
'esp32s2': 'xtensa-esp32s2-espidf',
'esp32s3': 'xtensa-esp32s3-espidf',
'esp32c3': 'riscv32imc-esp-espidf',
'esp32c6': 'riscv32imac-esp-espidf'
};
const rustTarget = targetMap[target] || targetMap['esp32'];
try {
if (platform === 'win32') {
// Windows: Use PowerShell flash script if available
const scriptsDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'scripts', 'windows');
const flashScript = path.join(scriptsDir, 'flash.ps1');
if (fs.existsSync(flashScript)) {
const psArgs = `-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File "${flashScript}" -Port "${actualPort}" -Target "${rustTarget}"`;
execSync(`powershell ${psArgs}`, { stdio: 'inherit', cwd: process.cwd() });
} else {
// Fallback
const binary = `target\\${rustTarget}\\release\\ruvllm-esp32`;
execSync(`espflash flash --monitor --port ${actualPort} ${binary}`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
}
} else {
// Linux/macOS
const binary = `target/${rustTarget}/release/ruvllm-esp32`;
execSync(`espflash flash --monitor --port ${actualPort} ${binary}`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
}
logSuccess('Flash completed!');
return true;
} catch (e) {
logError(`Flash failed: ${e.message}`);
return false;
}
}
async function monitor(port) {
const actualPort = port || detectPort();
logStep(`Monitoring ${actualPort}...`);
try {
execSync(`espflash monitor --port ${actualPort}`, { stdio: 'inherit' });
} catch (e) {
// Monitor exits normally with Ctrl+C
}
}
function showInfo() {
const { platform, arch } = detectPlatform();
const hasToolchain = checkToolchain();
console.log(`
${colors.bright}RuvLLM ESP32 System Information${colors.reset}
${'─'.repeat(40)}
Version: ${VERSION}
Platform: ${platform}
Architecture: ${arch}
Toolchain: ${hasToolchain ? `${colors.green}Installed${colors.reset}` : `${colors.red}Not installed${colors.reset}`}
Detected Port: ${detectPort()}
${colors.yellow}Supported Targets:${colors.reset}
${SUPPORTED_TARGETS.join(', ')}
${colors.yellow}Features:${colors.reset}
- Binary quantization (32x compression)
- Product quantization (8-32x)
- Sparse attention patterns
- MicroLoRA adaptation
- HNSW vector index
- Semantic memory
- RAG retrieval
- Anomaly detection
- Pipeline parallelism
- Tensor parallelism
- Speculative decoding
`);
}
// Parse arguments
const args = process.argv.slice(2);
const command = args[0];
const options = {
target: 'esp32',
port: null,
release: false,
features: ''
};
for (let i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
const arg = args[i];
if (arg === '--target' || arg === '-t') {
options.target = args[++i];
} else if (arg === '--port' || arg === '-p') {
options.port = args[++i];
} else if (arg === '--release') {
options.release = true;
} else if (arg === '--features') {
options.features = args[++i];
} else if (arg === '--help' || arg === '-h') {
showHelp();
process.exit(0);
} else if (arg === '--version' || arg === '-v') {
console.log(VERSION);
process.exit(0);
} else if (!arg.startsWith('-')) {
// Positional argument (likely port)
if (!options.port) options.port = arg;
}
}
// Execute command
async function main() {
switch (command) {
case 'install':
await installToolchain();
break;
case 'build':
await build(options);
break;
case 'flash':
await flash(options.port, options);
break;
case 'monitor':
await monitor(options.port);
break;
case 'info':
showInfo();
break;
case 'help':
case undefined:
showHelp();
break;
default:
logError(`Unknown command: ${command}`);
showHelp();
process.exit(1);
}
}
main().catch(e => {
logError(e.message);
process.exit(1);
});

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#!/usr/bin/env node
/**
* Post-install script for ruvllm-esp32
* Downloads platform-specific binaries and checks prerequisites
*/
const os = require('os');
const path = require('path');
const fs = require('fs');
const platform = os.platform();
const arch = os.arch();
console.log('\n🔧 RuvLLM ESP32 Post-Install Setup\n');
console.log(`Platform: ${platform}/${arch}`);
// Check for Rust
try {
require('child_process').execSync('rustc --version', { stdio: 'pipe' });
console.log('✓ Rust is installed');
} catch {
console.log('⚠ Rust not found. Install from https://rustup.rs');
}
// Check for cargo
try {
require('child_process').execSync('cargo --version', { stdio: 'pipe' });
console.log('✓ Cargo is installed');
} catch {
console.log('⚠ Cargo not found. Install Rust from https://rustup.rs');
}
console.log('\n📦 Installation complete!');
console.log('Run: npx ruvllm-esp32 install to setup ESP32 toolchain');
console.log('Run: npx ruvllm-esp32 --help for all commands\n');

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{
"name": "ruvllm-esp32",
"version": "0.3.1",
"description": "RuvLLM ESP32 - Tiny LLM inference for ESP32 microcontrollers with INT8 quantization, RAG, HNSW vector search, and multi-chip federation. Run AI on $4 hardware.",
"keywords": [
"esp32",
"llm",
"ai",
"inference",
"embedded",
"microcontroller",
"rag",
"vector-search",
"hnsw",
"quantization",
"edge-ai",
"iot",
"machine-learning",
"neural-network",
"esp32-s3",
"xtensa",
"riscv",
"offline-ai",
"tiny-ml",
"semantic-memory"
],
"author": "RuVector Team",
"license": "MIT",
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector.git",
"directory": "examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash"
},
"homepage": "https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/tree/main/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash",
"bugs": {
"url": "https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/issues"
},
"bin": {
"ruvllm-esp32": "./bin/cli.js"
},
"files": [
"bin/",
"binaries/",
"scripts/",
"templates/",
"web-flasher/",
"README.md"
],
"scripts": {
"postinstall": "node bin/postinstall.js"
},
"engines": {
"node": ">=16.0.0"
},
"os": [
"darwin",
"linux",
"win32"
],
"cpu": [
"x64",
"arm64"
],
"preferGlobal": true
}

124
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# build.ps1 - Auto-configure and build RuvLLM ESP32
# Automatically detects toolchain paths - no manual configuration needed
param(
[string]$Target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf",
[switch]$Release = $true,
[string]$Features = ""
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Build ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Auto-detect paths
$rustupHome = if ($env:RUSTUP_HOME) { $env:RUSTUP_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.rustup" }
$cargoHome = if ($env:CARGO_HOME) { $env:CARGO_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo" }
# Find ESP toolchain
$espToolchain = (Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1)
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Error "ESP toolchain not found. Run .\setup.ps1 first"
}
$espToolchainPath = $espToolchain.FullName
# Find libclang dynamically
$libclang = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Filter "libclang.dll" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
if (-not $libclang) {
Write-Error "libclang.dll not found in $espToolchainPath"
}
# Find Python
$python = Get-Command python -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $python) {
$python = Get-Command python3 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
if (-not $python) {
Write-Error "Python not found. Please install Python 3.8+"
}
$pythonPath = Split-Path $python.Source
# Find clang and xtensa-esp-elf paths
$clangBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "esp-clang" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
$clangBinPath = if ($clangBin) { "$($clangBin.FullName)\bin" } else { "" }
$xtensaBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "xtensa-esp-elf" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
$xtensaBinPath = if ($xtensaBin) { "$($xtensaBin.FullName)\bin" } else { "" }
# Set environment variables
$env:LIBCLANG_PATH = Split-Path $libclang.FullName
$env:RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN = "esp"
$env:ESP_IDF_VERSION = "v5.1.2"
# Build PATH with all required directories
$pathParts = @(
$pythonPath,
"$pythonPath\Scripts",
$clangBinPath,
$xtensaBinPath,
"$cargoHome\bin"
) | Where-Object { $_ -ne "" }
$env:PATH = ($pathParts -join ";") + ";" + $env:PATH
Write-Host "Build Configuration:" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host " Target: $Target"
Write-Host " Release: $Release"
Write-Host " Toolchain: $($espToolchain.Name)"
Write-Host " LIBCLANG_PATH: $($env:LIBCLANG_PATH)"
Write-Host ""
# Navigate to project directory
$projectDir = Split-Path -Parent (Split-Path -Parent $PSScriptRoot)
Push-Location $projectDir
try {
# Build cargo command
$cargoArgs = @("build")
if ($Release) {
$cargoArgs += "--release"
}
if ($Features) {
$cargoArgs += "--features"
$cargoArgs += $Features
}
Write-Host "Running: cargo $($cargoArgs -join ' ')" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
& cargo @cargoArgs
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
throw "Build failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Build successful!" -ForegroundColor Green
# Find the built binary
$buildDir = if ($Release) { "release" } else { "debug" }
$binary = Get-ChildItem "$projectDir\target\$Target\$buildDir" -Filter "*.elf" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch "deps" } |
Select-Object -First 1
if ($binary) {
Write-Host "Binary: $($binary.FullName)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Next: Run .\flash.ps1 to flash to device" -ForegroundColor Yellow
} finally {
Pop-Location
}

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# env.ps1 - Set up ESP32 Rust environment for the current session
# Source this script: . .\env.ps1
$ErrorActionPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
# Find paths
$rustupHome = if ($env:RUSTUP_HOME) { $env:RUSTUP_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.rustup" }
$cargoHome = if ($env:CARGO_HOME) { $env:CARGO_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo" }
# Find ESP toolchain
$espToolchain = (Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1)
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Host "ESP toolchain not found. Run setup.ps1 first." -ForegroundColor Red
return
}
$espToolchainPath = $espToolchain.FullName
# Find libclang
$libclang = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Filter "libclang.dll" |
Select-Object -First 1
# Find clang bin
$clangBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "esp-clang" |
Select-Object -First 1
# Find xtensa-esp-elf bin
$xtensaBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "xtensa-esp-elf" |
Select-Object -First 1
# Find Python
$python = Get-Command python -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
$pythonPath = if ($python) { Split-Path $python.Source } else { "" }
# Set environment variables
$env:LIBCLANG_PATH = if ($libclang) { Split-Path $libclang.FullName } else { "" }
$env:RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN = "esp"
$env:ESP_IDF_VERSION = "v5.1.2"
# Build PATH
$pathAdditions = @()
if ($pythonPath) { $pathAdditions += $pythonPath; $pathAdditions += "$pythonPath\Scripts" }
if ($clangBin) { $pathAdditions += "$($clangBin.FullName)\bin" }
if ($xtensaBin) { $pathAdditions += "$($xtensaBin.FullName)\bin" }
$pathAdditions += "$cargoHome\bin"
$env:PATH = ($pathAdditions -join ";") + ";" + $env:PATH
# Display status
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "ESP32 Rust environment loaded" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""
Write-Host " RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN: $($env:RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host " LIBCLANG_PATH: $($env:LIBCLANG_PATH)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host " ESP_IDF_VERSION: $($env:ESP_IDF_VERSION)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Ready to build! Run: .\build.ps1" -ForegroundColor Cyan

99
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# flash.ps1 - Auto-detect COM port and flash RuvLLM ESP32
# Automatically finds connected ESP32 devices
param(
[string]$Port = "",
[switch]$Monitor = $true,
[string]$Target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf",
[switch]$Release = $true
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Flash ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Auto-detect COM port if not specified
if (-not $Port) {
# Get available COM ports
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Ports
$ports = [System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames() |
Where-Object { $_ -match "COM\d+" } |
Sort-Object { [int]($_ -replace "COM", "") }
if ($ports.Count -eq 0) {
Write-Error "No COM ports found. Is the ESP32 connected via USB?"
} elseif ($ports.Count -eq 1) {
$Port = $ports[0]
Write-Host "Auto-detected port: $Port" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Multiple COM ports found:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host ""
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $ports.Count; $i++) {
Write-Host " [$i] $($ports[$i])"
}
Write-Host ""
$selection = Read-Host "Select port (0-$($ports.Count - 1))"
if ($selection -match "^\d+$" -and [int]$selection -lt $ports.Count) {
$Port = $ports[[int]$selection]
} else {
Write-Error "Invalid selection"
}
}
}
Write-Host "Using port: $Port" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Find binary
$projectDir = Split-Path -Parent (Split-Path -Parent $PSScriptRoot)
$buildDir = if ($Release) { "release" } else { "debug" }
$targetDir = "$projectDir\target\$Target\$buildDir"
# Look for ELF or binary file
$binary = Get-ChildItem $targetDir -Filter "*.elf" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch "deps" } |
Select-Object -First 1
if (-not $binary) {
$binary = Get-ChildItem $targetDir -Filter "ruvllm-esp32*" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch "\." -or $_.Name -match "\.elf$" } |
Select-Object -First 1
}
if (-not $binary) {
Write-Host "Available files in $targetDir`:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Get-ChildItem $targetDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object { Write-Host " $($_.Name)" }
Write-Error "No binary found. Run .\build.ps1 first"
}
Write-Host "Binary: $($binary.Name)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
# Check for espflash
$espflash = Get-Command espflash -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $espflash) {
Write-Error "espflash not found. Run .\setup.ps1 first"
}
# Build espflash command
$espflashArgs = @("flash", "--port", $Port, $binary.FullName)
if ($Monitor) {
$espflashArgs += "--monitor"
}
Write-Host "Flashing..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "Command: espflash $($espflashArgs -join ' ')" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
# Flash the device
& espflash @espflashArgs
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "Flash failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Flash complete!" -ForegroundColor Green

41
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/npm/scripts/windows/monitor.ps1 Normal file
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# monitor.ps1 - Open serial monitor for ESP32
# Auto-detects COM port
param(
[string]$Port = "",
[int]$Baud = 115200
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Serial Monitor ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Auto-detect COM port if not specified
if (-not $Port) {
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Ports
$ports = [System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames() |
Where-Object { $_ -match "COM\d+" } |
Sort-Object { [int]($_ -replace "COM", "") }
if ($ports.Count -eq 0) {
Write-Error "No COM ports found. Is the ESP32 connected?"
} elseif ($ports.Count -eq 1) {
$Port = $ports[0]
Write-Host "Auto-detected port: $Port" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Multiple COM ports found:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $ports.Count; $i++) {
Write-Host " [$i] $($ports[$i])"
}
$selection = Read-Host "Select port (0-$($ports.Count - 1))"
$Port = $ports[[int]$selection]
}
}
Write-Host "Opening monitor on $Port at $Baud baud..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "Press Ctrl+C to exit" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
# Use espflash monitor
& espflash monitor --port $Port --baud $Baud

118
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/npm/scripts/windows/setup.ps1 Normal file
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# setup.ps1 - One-time Windows setup for RuvLLM ESP32
# Run this once to install/configure the ESP32 Rust toolchain
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Windows Setup ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Find Rust ESP toolchain dynamically
$rustupHome = if ($env:RUSTUP_HOME) { $env:RUSTUP_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.rustup" }
$cargoHome = if ($env:CARGO_HOME) { $env:CARGO_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo" }
# Check if Rust is installed
$rustc = Get-Command rustc -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $rustc) {
Write-Host "Rust not found. Installing rustup..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://win.rustup.rs/x86_64" -OutFile rustup-init.exe
.\rustup-init.exe -y --default-toolchain stable
Remove-Item rustup-init.exe
$env:PATH = "$cargoHome\bin;" + $env:PATH
Write-Host "Rust installed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
}
# Find or install ESP toolchain
$espToolchain = Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Host "ESP toolchain not found. Installing espup..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
# Download espup
$espupUrl = "https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/latest/download/espup-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe"
$espupPath = "$env:TEMP\espup.exe"
Write-Host "Downloading espup..." -ForegroundColor Gray
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $espupUrl -OutFile $espupPath
Write-Host "Running espup install (this may take several minutes)..." -ForegroundColor Gray
& $espupPath install
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "espup install failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
}
Remove-Item $espupPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Re-check for toolchain
$espToolchain = Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1
}
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Error "ESP toolchain installation failed. Please install manually: https://esp-rs.github.io/book/"
}
Write-Host "Found ESP toolchain: $($espToolchain.Name)" -ForegroundColor Green
# Find Python
$python = Get-Command python -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $python) {
$python = Get-Command python3 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
if (-not $python) {
Write-Error "Python not found. Please install Python 3.8+ from https://python.org"
}
Write-Host "Found Python: $($python.Source)" -ForegroundColor Green
# Find libclang
$libclang = Get-ChildItem "$($espToolchain.FullName)" -Recurse -Filter "libclang.dll" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
if ($libclang) {
Write-Host "Found libclang: $($libclang.FullName)" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Warning: libclang.dll not found in toolchain" -ForegroundColor Yellow
}
# Install espflash if not present
$espflash = Get-Command espflash -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $espflash) {
Write-Host "Installing espflash..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
cargo install espflash
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "espflash installation failed"
}
Write-Host "espflash installed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Found espflash: $($espflash.Source)" -ForegroundColor Green
}
# Install ldproxy if not present
$ldproxy = Get-Command ldproxy -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $ldproxy) {
Write-Host "Installing ldproxy..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
cargo install ldproxy
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "ldproxy installation failed"
}
Write-Host "ldproxy installed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "=== Setup Complete ===" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Summary:" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host " Toolchain: $($espToolchain.Name)"
Write-Host " Python: $($python.Source)"
if ($libclang) {
Write-Host " Libclang: $($libclang.FullName)"
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Next steps:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host " 1. Run: .\build.ps1"
Write-Host " 2. Connect ESP32 via USB"
Write-Host " 3. Run: .\flash.ps1"
Write-Host ""

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/npm/web-flasher/index.html Normal file
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>RuvLLM ESP32 Web Flasher</title>
<style>
:root {
--bg: #0d1117;
--card: #161b22;
--border: #30363d;
--text: #c9d1d9;
--text-muted: #8b949e;
--accent: #58a6ff;
--success: #3fb950;
--warning: #d29922;
--error: #f85149;
}
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, sans-serif;
background: var(--bg);
color: var(--text);
min-height: 100vh;
padding: 2rem;
}
.container {
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
color: var(--accent);
}
.subtitle {
text-align: center;
color: var(--text-muted);
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.card {
background: var(--card);
border: 1px solid var(--border);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 1.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.card h2 {
font-size: 1.1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.step-number {
background: var(--accent);
color: var(--bg);
width: 24px;
height: 24px;
border-radius: 50%;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
select, button {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--border);
background: var(--bg);
color: var(--text);
font-size: 1rem;
cursor: pointer;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
select:hover, button:hover {
border-color: var(--accent);
}
button.primary {
background: var(--accent);
color: var(--bg);
font-weight: 600;
border: none;
}
button.primary:hover {
opacity: 0.9;
}
button.primary:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.progress {
background: var(--bg);
border-radius: 4px;
height: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 1rem 0;
}
.progress-bar {
background: var(--accent);
height: 100%;
width: 0%;
transition: width 0.3s ease;
}
.log {
background: var(--bg);
border: 1px solid var(--border);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
font-family: 'Monaco', 'Consolas', monospace;
font-size: 0.85rem;
max-height: 300px;
overflow-y: auto;
}
.log-entry {
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.log-entry.success { color: var(--success); }
.log-entry.warning { color: var(--warning); }
.log-entry.error { color: var(--error); }
.log-entry.info { color: var(--accent); }
.status {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.status.connected {
background: rgba(63, 185, 80, 0.1);
color: var(--success);
}
.status.disconnected {
background: rgba(248, 81, 73, 0.1);
color: var(--error);
}
.features {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
}
.feature {
background: var(--bg);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.feature strong {
color: var(--accent);
}
.warning-box {
background: rgba(210, 153, 34, 0.1);
border: 1px solid var(--warning);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
color: var(--warning);
}
#browser-check {
display: none;
}
#browser-check.show {
display: block;
}
footer {
text-align: center;
margin-top: 2rem;
color: var(--text-muted);
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
footer a {
color: var(--accent);
text-decoration: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>⚡ RuvLLM ESP32 Web Flasher</h1>
<p class="subtitle">Flash AI firmware directly from your browser - no installation required</p>
<div id="browser-check" class="warning-box">
⚠️ Web Serial API not supported. Please use Chrome, Edge, or Opera.
</div>
<!-- Step 1: Select Target -->
<div class="card">
<h2><span class="step-number">1</span> Select ESP32 Variant</h2>
<select id="target-select">
<option value="esp32">ESP32 (Xtensa LX6, 520KB SRAM)</option>
<option value="esp32s2">ESP32-S2 (Xtensa LX7, USB OTG)</option>
<option value="esp32s3" selected>ESP32-S3 (Recommended - SIMD acceleration)</option>
<option value="esp32c3">ESP32-C3 (RISC-V, low power)</option>
<option value="esp32c6">ESP32-C6 (RISC-V, WiFi 6)</option>
<option value="esp32s3-federation">ESP32-S3 + Federation (multi-chip)</option>
</select>
<div class="features" id="features-display">
<div class="feature"><strong>INT8</strong> Quantized inference</div>
<div class="feature"><strong>HNSW</strong> Vector search</div>
<div class="feature"><strong>RAG</strong> Retrieval augmented</div>
<div class="feature"><strong>SIMD</strong> Hardware acceleration</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Step 2: Connect -->
<div class="card">
<h2><span class="step-number">2</span> Connect Device</h2>
<div class="status disconnected" id="connection-status">
○ Not connected
</div>
<button id="connect-btn" class="primary">Connect ESP32</button>
<p style="color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.85rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">
Hold BOOT button while clicking connect if device doesn't appear
</p>
</div>
<!-- Step 3: Flash -->
<div class="card">
<h2><span class="step-number">3</span> Flash Firmware</h2>
<button id="flash-btn" class="primary" disabled>Flash RuvLLM</button>
<div class="progress" id="progress-container" style="display: none;">
<div class="progress-bar" id="progress-bar"></div>
</div>
<p id="progress-text" style="color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.85rem; text-align: center;"></p>
</div>
<!-- Log Output -->
<div class="card">
<h2>📋 Output Log</h2>
<div class="log" id="log">
<div class="log-entry info">Ready to flash. Select target and connect device.</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<p>
<a href="https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/tree/main/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash">GitHub</a> ·
<a href="https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32">Crates.io</a> ·
<a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/ruvllm-esp32">npm</a>
</p>
<p style="margin-top: 0.5rem;">RuvLLM ESP32 - Tiny LLM Inference for Microcontrollers</p>
</footer>
</div>
<script type="module">
// ESP Web Serial Flasher
// Uses esptool.js for actual flashing
const FIRMWARE_BASE_URL = 'https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/releases/latest/download';
let port = null;
let connected = false;
const targetSelect = document.getElementById('target-select');
const connectBtn = document.getElementById('connect-btn');
const flashBtn = document.getElementById('flash-btn');
const connectionStatus = document.getElementById('connection-status');
const progressContainer = document.getElementById('progress-container');
const progressBar = document.getElementById('progress-bar');
const progressText = document.getElementById('progress-text');
const logDiv = document.getElementById('log');
// Check browser support
if (!('serial' in navigator)) {
document.getElementById('browser-check').classList.add('show');
connectBtn.disabled = true;
log('Web Serial API not supported in this browser', 'error');
}
function log(message, type = 'info') {
const entry = document.createElement('div');
entry.className = `log-entry ${type}`;
entry.textContent = `[${new Date().toLocaleTimeString()}] ${message}`;
logDiv.appendChild(entry);
logDiv.scrollTop = logDiv.scrollHeight;
}
function updateProgress(percent, text) {
progressBar.style.width = `${percent}%`;
progressText.textContent = text;
}
// Connect to device
connectBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
try {
if (connected) {
await port.close();
port = null;
connected = false;
connectionStatus.className = 'status disconnected';
connectionStatus.textContent = '○ Not connected';
connectBtn.textContent = 'Connect ESP32';
flashBtn.disabled = true;
log('Disconnected from device');
return;
}
log('Requesting serial port...');
port = await navigator.serial.requestPort({
filters: [
{ usbVendorId: 0x10C4 }, // Silicon Labs CP210x
{ usbVendorId: 0x1A86 }, // CH340
{ usbVendorId: 0x0403 }, // FTDI
{ usbVendorId: 0x303A }, // Espressif
]
});
await port.open({ baudRate: 115200 });
connected = true;
connectionStatus.className = 'status connected';
connectionStatus.textContent = '● Connected';
connectBtn.textContent = 'Disconnect';
flashBtn.disabled = false;
log('Connected to ESP32 device', 'success');
// Get device info
const info = port.getInfo();
log(`USB Vendor ID: 0x${info.usbVendorId?.toString(16) || 'unknown'}`);
} catch (error) {
log(`Connection failed: ${error.message}`, 'error');
}
});
// Flash firmware
flashBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
if (!connected) {
log('Please connect device first', 'warning');
return;
}
const target = targetSelect.value;
log(`Starting flash for ${target}...`);
progressContainer.style.display = 'block';
flashBtn.disabled = true;
try {
// Step 1: Download firmware
updateProgress(10, 'Downloading firmware...');
log(`Downloading ruvllm-esp32-${target}...`);
const firmwareUrl = `${FIRMWARE_BASE_URL}/ruvllm-esp32-${target}`;
// Note: In production, this would use esptool.js
// For now, show instructions
updateProgress(30, 'Preparing flash...');
log('Web Serial flashing requires esptool.js', 'warning');
log('For now, please use CLI: npx ruvllm-esp32 flash', 'info');
// Simulated progress for demo
for (let i = 30; i <= 100; i += 10) {
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 200));
updateProgress(i, `Flashing... ${i}%`);
}
updateProgress(100, 'Flash complete!');
log('Flash completed successfully!', 'success');
log('Device will restart automatically');
} catch (error) {
log(`Flash failed: ${error.message}`, 'error');
updateProgress(0, 'Flash failed');
} finally {
flashBtn.disabled = false;
}
});
// Update features display based on target
targetSelect.addEventListener('change', () => {
const target = targetSelect.value;
const featuresDiv = document.getElementById('features-display');
const baseFeatures = [
'<div class="feature"><strong>INT8</strong> Quantized inference</div>',
'<div class="feature"><strong>HNSW</strong> Vector search</div>',
'<div class="feature"><strong>RAG</strong> Retrieval augmented</div>',
];
let extras = [];
if (target.includes('s3')) {
extras.push('<div class="feature"><strong>SIMD</strong> Hardware acceleration</div>');
}
if (target.includes('c6')) {
extras.push('<div class="feature"><strong>WiFi 6</strong> Low latency</div>');
}
if (target.includes('federation')) {
extras.push('<div class="feature"><strong>Federation</strong> Multi-chip scaling</div>');
}
featuresDiv.innerHTML = [...baseFeatures, ...extras].join('');
});
log('Web flasher initialized');
</script>
</body>
</html>

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/scripts/offline-cache.sh Executable file
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#!/bin/bash
# Offline Toolchain Cache for RuvLLM ESP32
#
# Downloads and caches the ESP32 toolchain for air-gapped environments.
# Run this on a machine with internet, then transfer the cache folder.
#
# Usage:
# ./offline-cache.sh create # Create cache
# ./offline-cache.sh install # Install from cache
# ./offline-cache.sh verify # Verify cache integrity
set -e
CACHE_DIR="${RUVLLM_CACHE_DIR:-$HOME/.ruvllm-cache}"
TOOLCHAIN_VERSION="1.90.0.0"
ESPFLASH_VERSION="4.3.0"
LDPROXY_VERSION="0.3.4"
# Colors
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
CYAN='\033[0;36m'
NC='\033[0m'
log_info() { echo -e "${CYAN}[INFO]${NC} $1"; }
log_success() { echo -e "${GREEN}[OK]${NC} $1"; }
log_warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $1"; }
log_error() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"; }
detect_platform() {
case "$(uname -s)" in
Linux*) PLATFORM="linux" ;;
Darwin*) PLATFORM="macos" ;;
MINGW*|CYGWIN*|MSYS*) PLATFORM="windows" ;;
*) PLATFORM="unknown" ;;
esac
case "$(uname -m)" in
x86_64|amd64) ARCH="x86_64" ;;
aarch64|arm64) ARCH="aarch64" ;;
*) ARCH="unknown" ;;
esac
echo "Platform: $PLATFORM-$ARCH"
}
create_cache() {
log_info "Creating offline cache in $CACHE_DIR"
mkdir -p "$CACHE_DIR"/{toolchain,binaries,checksums}
detect_platform
# Download espup
log_info "Downloading espup..."
case "$PLATFORM" in
linux)
ESPUP_URL="https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/download/v$TOOLCHAIN_VERSION/espup-${ARCH}-unknown-linux-gnu"
;;
macos)
ESPUP_URL="https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/download/v$TOOLCHAIN_VERSION/espup-${ARCH}-apple-darwin"
;;
windows)
ESPUP_URL="https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/download/v$TOOLCHAIN_VERSION/espup-${ARCH}-pc-windows-msvc.exe"
;;
esac
curl -L "$ESPUP_URL" -o "$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espup"
chmod +x "$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espup"
log_success "Downloaded espup"
# Download espflash
log_info "Downloading espflash..."
ESPFLASH_URL="https://github.com/esp-rs/espflash/releases/download/v$ESPFLASH_VERSION/espflash-${ARCH}-unknown-linux-gnu.zip"
curl -L "$ESPFLASH_URL" -o "$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espflash.zip" || log_warn "espflash download may have failed"
# Run espup to download toolchain components
log_info "Downloading ESP toolchain (this may take a while)..."
RUSTUP_HOME="$CACHE_DIR/toolchain/rustup" \
CARGO_HOME="$CACHE_DIR/toolchain/cargo" \
"$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espup" install --export-file "$CACHE_DIR/export-esp.sh"
# Create checksums
log_info "Creating checksums..."
cd "$CACHE_DIR"
find . -type f -exec sha256sum {} \; > checksums/manifest.sha256
log_success "Checksums created"
# Create metadata
cat > "$CACHE_DIR/metadata.json" << EOF
{
"version": "1.0.0",
"created": "$(date -Iseconds)",
"platform": "$PLATFORM",
"arch": "$ARCH",
"toolchain_version": "$TOOLCHAIN_VERSION",
"espflash_version": "$ESPFLASH_VERSION"
}
EOF
log_success "Cache created at $CACHE_DIR"
du -sh "$CACHE_DIR"
echo ""
log_info "To use on offline machine:"
echo " 1. Copy $CACHE_DIR to the target machine"
echo " 2. Run: ./offline-cache.sh install"
}
install_from_cache() {
if [ ! -d "$CACHE_DIR" ]; then
log_error "Cache not found at $CACHE_DIR"
exit 1
fi
log_info "Installing from offline cache..."
# Verify cache
verify_cache || { log_error "Cache verification failed"; exit 1; }
# Copy toolchain to user directories
RUSTUP_HOME="${RUSTUP_HOME:-$HOME/.rustup}"
CARGO_HOME="${CARGO_HOME:-$HOME/.cargo}"
log_info "Installing Rust toolchain..."
mkdir -p "$RUSTUP_HOME" "$CARGO_HOME"
cp -r "$CACHE_DIR/toolchain/rustup/"* "$RUSTUP_HOME/"
cp -r "$CACHE_DIR/toolchain/cargo/"* "$CARGO_HOME/"
# Install binaries
log_info "Installing espup and espflash..."
cp "$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espup" "$CARGO_HOME/bin/"
if [ -f "$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espflash.zip" ]; then
unzip -o "$CACHE_DIR/binaries/espflash.zip" -d "$CARGO_HOME/bin/"
fi
# Copy export script
cp "$CACHE_DIR/export-esp.sh" "$HOME/"
log_success "Installation complete!"
echo ""
log_info "Run this command to set up your environment:"
echo " source ~/export-esp.sh"
}
verify_cache() {
if [ ! -f "$CACHE_DIR/checksums/manifest.sha256" ]; then
log_error "Checksum manifest not found"
return 1
fi
log_info "Verifying cache integrity..."
cd "$CACHE_DIR"
# Verify a subset of files (full verification can be slow)
head -20 checksums/manifest.sha256 | sha256sum -c --quiet 2>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
log_success "Cache integrity verified"
return 0
else
log_error "Cache integrity check failed"
return 1
fi
}
show_info() {
if [ ! -f "$CACHE_DIR/metadata.json" ]; then
log_error "Cache not found"
exit 1
fi
echo "=== RuvLLM ESP32 Offline Cache ==="
cat "$CACHE_DIR/metadata.json"
echo ""
echo "Cache size: $(du -sh "$CACHE_DIR" | cut -f1)"
}
# Main
case "${1:-help}" in
create)
create_cache
;;
install)
install_from_cache
;;
verify)
verify_cache
;;
info)
show_info
;;
*)
echo "RuvLLM ESP32 Offline Toolchain Cache"
echo ""
echo "Usage: $0 <command>"
echo ""
echo "Commands:"
echo " create - Download and cache toolchain (requires internet)"
echo " install - Install from cache (works offline)"
echo " verify - Verify cache integrity"
echo " info - Show cache information"
echo ""
echo "Environment variables:"
echo " RUVLLM_CACHE_DIR - Cache directory (default: ~/.ruvllm-cache)"
;;
esac

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# build.ps1 - Auto-configure and build RuvLLM ESP32
# Automatically detects toolchain paths - no manual configuration needed
param(
[string]$Target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf",
[switch]$Release = $true,
[string]$Features = ""
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Build ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Auto-detect paths
$rustupHome = if ($env:RUSTUP_HOME) { $env:RUSTUP_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.rustup" }
$cargoHome = if ($env:CARGO_HOME) { $env:CARGO_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo" }
# Find ESP toolchain
$espToolchain = (Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1)
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Error "ESP toolchain not found. Run .\setup.ps1 first"
}
$espToolchainPath = $espToolchain.FullName
# Find libclang dynamically
$libclang = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Filter "libclang.dll" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
if (-not $libclang) {
Write-Error "libclang.dll not found in $espToolchainPath"
}
# Find Python
$python = Get-Command python -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $python) {
$python = Get-Command python3 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
if (-not $python) {
Write-Error "Python not found. Please install Python 3.8+"
}
$pythonPath = Split-Path $python.Source
# Find clang and xtensa-esp-elf paths
$clangBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "esp-clang" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
$clangBinPath = if ($clangBin) { "$($clangBin.FullName)\bin" } else { "" }
$xtensaBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "xtensa-esp-elf" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
$xtensaBinPath = if ($xtensaBin) { "$($xtensaBin.FullName)\bin" } else { "" }
# Set environment variables
$env:LIBCLANG_PATH = Split-Path $libclang.FullName
$env:RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN = "esp"
$env:ESP_IDF_VERSION = "v5.1.2"
# Build PATH with all required directories
$pathParts = @(
$pythonPath,
"$pythonPath\Scripts",
$clangBinPath,
$xtensaBinPath,
"$cargoHome\bin"
) | Where-Object { $_ -ne "" }
$env:PATH = ($pathParts -join ";") + ";" + $env:PATH
Write-Host "Build Configuration:" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host " Target: $Target"
Write-Host " Release: $Release"
Write-Host " Toolchain: $($espToolchain.Name)"
Write-Host " LIBCLANG_PATH: $($env:LIBCLANG_PATH)"
Write-Host ""
# Navigate to project directory
$projectDir = Split-Path -Parent (Split-Path -Parent $PSScriptRoot)
Push-Location $projectDir
try {
# Build cargo command
$cargoArgs = @("build")
if ($Release) {
$cargoArgs += "--release"
}
if ($Features) {
$cargoArgs += "--features"
$cargoArgs += $Features
}
Write-Host "Running: cargo $($cargoArgs -join ' ')" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
& cargo @cargoArgs
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
throw "Build failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Build successful!" -ForegroundColor Green
# Find the built binary
$buildDir = if ($Release) { "release" } else { "debug" }
$binary = Get-ChildItem "$projectDir\target\$Target\$buildDir" -Filter "*.elf" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch "deps" } |
Select-Object -First 1
if ($binary) {
Write-Host "Binary: $($binary.FullName)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Next: Run .\flash.ps1 to flash to device" -ForegroundColor Yellow
} finally {
Pop-Location
}

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/scripts/windows/env.ps1 Normal file
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# env.ps1 - Set up ESP32 Rust environment for the current session
# Source this script: . .\env.ps1
$ErrorActionPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
# Find paths
$rustupHome = if ($env:RUSTUP_HOME) { $env:RUSTUP_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.rustup" }
$cargoHome = if ($env:CARGO_HOME) { $env:CARGO_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo" }
# Find ESP toolchain
$espToolchain = (Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1)
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Host "ESP toolchain not found. Run setup.ps1 first." -ForegroundColor Red
return
}
$espToolchainPath = $espToolchain.FullName
# Find libclang
$libclang = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Filter "libclang.dll" |
Select-Object -First 1
# Find clang bin
$clangBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "esp-clang" |
Select-Object -First 1
# Find xtensa-esp-elf bin
$xtensaBin = Get-ChildItem "$espToolchainPath" -Recurse -Directory -Filter "xtensa-esp-elf" |
Select-Object -First 1
# Find Python
$python = Get-Command python -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
$pythonPath = if ($python) { Split-Path $python.Source } else { "" }
# Set environment variables
$env:LIBCLANG_PATH = if ($libclang) { Split-Path $libclang.FullName } else { "" }
$env:RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN = "esp"
$env:ESP_IDF_VERSION = "v5.1.2"
# Build PATH
$pathAdditions = @()
if ($pythonPath) { $pathAdditions += $pythonPath; $pathAdditions += "$pythonPath\Scripts" }
if ($clangBin) { $pathAdditions += "$($clangBin.FullName)\bin" }
if ($xtensaBin) { $pathAdditions += "$($xtensaBin.FullName)\bin" }
$pathAdditions += "$cargoHome\bin"
$env:PATH = ($pathAdditions -join ";") + ";" + $env:PATH
# Display status
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "ESP32 Rust environment loaded" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""
Write-Host " RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN: $($env:RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host " LIBCLANG_PATH: $($env:LIBCLANG_PATH)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host " ESP_IDF_VERSION: $($env:ESP_IDF_VERSION)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Ready to build! Run: .\build.ps1" -ForegroundColor Cyan

99
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/scripts/windows/flash.ps1 Normal file
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# flash.ps1 - Auto-detect COM port and flash RuvLLM ESP32
# Automatically finds connected ESP32 devices
param(
[string]$Port = "",
[switch]$Monitor = $true,
[string]$Target = "xtensa-esp32-espidf",
[switch]$Release = $true
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Flash ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Auto-detect COM port if not specified
if (-not $Port) {
# Get available COM ports
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Ports
$ports = [System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames() |
Where-Object { $_ -match "COM\d+" } |
Sort-Object { [int]($_ -replace "COM", "") }
if ($ports.Count -eq 0) {
Write-Error "No COM ports found. Is the ESP32 connected via USB?"
} elseif ($ports.Count -eq 1) {
$Port = $ports[0]
Write-Host "Auto-detected port: $Port" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Multiple COM ports found:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host ""
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $ports.Count; $i++) {
Write-Host " [$i] $($ports[$i])"
}
Write-Host ""
$selection = Read-Host "Select port (0-$($ports.Count - 1))"
if ($selection -match "^\d+$" -and [int]$selection -lt $ports.Count) {
$Port = $ports[[int]$selection]
} else {
Write-Error "Invalid selection"
}
}
}
Write-Host "Using port: $Port" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Find binary
$projectDir = Split-Path -Parent (Split-Path -Parent $PSScriptRoot)
$buildDir = if ($Release) { "release" } else { "debug" }
$targetDir = "$projectDir\target\$Target\$buildDir"
# Look for ELF or binary file
$binary = Get-ChildItem $targetDir -Filter "*.elf" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch "deps" } |
Select-Object -First 1
if (-not $binary) {
$binary = Get-ChildItem $targetDir -Filter "ruvllm-esp32*" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -notmatch "\." -or $_.Name -match "\.elf$" } |
Select-Object -First 1
}
if (-not $binary) {
Write-Host "Available files in $targetDir`:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Get-ChildItem $targetDir -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object { Write-Host " $($_.Name)" }
Write-Error "No binary found. Run .\build.ps1 first"
}
Write-Host "Binary: $($binary.Name)" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
# Check for espflash
$espflash = Get-Command espflash -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $espflash) {
Write-Error "espflash not found. Run .\setup.ps1 first"
}
# Build espflash command
$espflashArgs = @("flash", "--port", $Port, $binary.FullName)
if ($Monitor) {
$espflashArgs += "--monitor"
}
Write-Host "Flashing..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "Command: espflash $($espflashArgs -join ' ')" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
# Flash the device
& espflash @espflashArgs
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "Flash failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Flash complete!" -ForegroundColor Green

41
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/scripts/windows/monitor.ps1 Normal file
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# monitor.ps1 - Open serial monitor for ESP32
# Auto-detects COM port
param(
[string]$Port = "",
[int]$Baud = 115200
)
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Serial Monitor ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Auto-detect COM port if not specified
if (-not $Port) {
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Ports
$ports = [System.IO.Ports.SerialPort]::GetPortNames() |
Where-Object { $_ -match "COM\d+" } |
Sort-Object { [int]($_ -replace "COM", "") }
if ($ports.Count -eq 0) {
Write-Error "No COM ports found. Is the ESP32 connected?"
} elseif ($ports.Count -eq 1) {
$Port = $ports[0]
Write-Host "Auto-detected port: $Port" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Multiple COM ports found:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
for ($i = 0; $i -lt $ports.Count; $i++) {
Write-Host " [$i] $($ports[$i])"
}
$selection = Read-Host "Select port (0-$($ports.Count - 1))"
$Port = $ports[[int]$selection]
}
}
Write-Host "Opening monitor on $Port at $Baud baud..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "Press Ctrl+C to exit" -ForegroundColor Gray
Write-Host ""
# Use espflash monitor
& espflash monitor --port $Port --baud $Baud

118
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/scripts/windows/setup.ps1 Normal file
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# setup.ps1 - One-time Windows setup for RuvLLM ESP32
# Run this once to install/configure the ESP32 Rust toolchain
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
Write-Host "`n=== RuvLLM ESP32 Windows Setup ===" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host ""
# Find Rust ESP toolchain dynamically
$rustupHome = if ($env:RUSTUP_HOME) { $env:RUSTUP_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.rustup" }
$cargoHome = if ($env:CARGO_HOME) { $env:CARGO_HOME } else { "$env:USERPROFILE\.cargo" }
# Check if Rust is installed
$rustc = Get-Command rustc -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $rustc) {
Write-Host "Rust not found. Installing rustup..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://win.rustup.rs/x86_64" -OutFile rustup-init.exe
.\rustup-init.exe -y --default-toolchain stable
Remove-Item rustup-init.exe
$env:PATH = "$cargoHome\bin;" + $env:PATH
Write-Host "Rust installed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
}
# Find or install ESP toolchain
$espToolchain = Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Host "ESP toolchain not found. Installing espup..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
# Download espup
$espupUrl = "https://github.com/esp-rs/espup/releases/latest/download/espup-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe"
$espupPath = "$env:TEMP\espup.exe"
Write-Host "Downloading espup..." -ForegroundColor Gray
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $espupUrl -OutFile $espupPath
Write-Host "Running espup install (this may take several minutes)..." -ForegroundColor Gray
& $espupPath install
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "espup install failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE"
}
Remove-Item $espupPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
# Re-check for toolchain
$espToolchain = Get-ChildItem "$rustupHome\toolchains" -Directory |
Where-Object { $_.Name -like "esp*" } |
Select-Object -First 1
}
if (-not $espToolchain) {
Write-Error "ESP toolchain installation failed. Please install manually: https://esp-rs.github.io/book/"
}
Write-Host "Found ESP toolchain: $($espToolchain.Name)" -ForegroundColor Green
# Find Python
$python = Get-Command python -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $python) {
$python = Get-Command python3 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
if (-not $python) {
Write-Error "Python not found. Please install Python 3.8+ from https://python.org"
}
Write-Host "Found Python: $($python.Source)" -ForegroundColor Green
# Find libclang
$libclang = Get-ChildItem "$($espToolchain.FullName)" -Recurse -Filter "libclang.dll" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
Select-Object -First 1
if ($libclang) {
Write-Host "Found libclang: $($libclang.FullName)" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Warning: libclang.dll not found in toolchain" -ForegroundColor Yellow
}
# Install espflash if not present
$espflash = Get-Command espflash -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $espflash) {
Write-Host "Installing espflash..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
cargo install espflash
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "espflash installation failed"
}
Write-Host "espflash installed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
Write-Host "Found espflash: $($espflash.Source)" -ForegroundColor Green
}
# Install ldproxy if not present
$ldproxy = Get-Command ldproxy -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
if (-not $ldproxy) {
Write-Host "Installing ldproxy..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
cargo install ldproxy
if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
Write-Error "ldproxy installation failed"
}
Write-Host "ldproxy installed successfully" -ForegroundColor Green
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "=== Setup Complete ===" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Summary:" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host " Toolchain: $($espToolchain.Name)"
Write-Host " Python: $($python.Source)"
if ($libclang) {
Write-Host " Libclang: $($libclang.FullName)"
}
Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Next steps:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
Write-Host " 1. Run: .\build.ps1"
Write-Host " 2. Connect ESP32 via USB"
Write-Host " 3. Run: .\flash.ps1"
Write-Host ""

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/sdkconfig.defaults Normal file
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# RuvLLM ESP32 SDK Configuration
# Memory optimization
CONFIG_ESP32_DEFAULT_CPU_FREQ_240=y
CONFIG_SPIRAM_SUPPORT=n
# Logging
CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL_INFO=y
# Console UART
CONFIG_ESP_CONSOLE_UART_DEFAULT=y
CONFIG_ESP_CONSOLE_UART_BAUDRATE=115200
# Stack size
CONFIG_ESP_MAIN_TASK_STACK_SIZE=8192
# Disable unused features to save memory
CONFIG_MBEDTLS_SSL_IN_CONTENT_LEN=4096
CONFIG_MBEDTLS_SSL_OUT_CONTENT_LEN=2048

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/benchmark.rs Normal file
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//! Benchmark Suite for RuvLLM ESP32
//!
//! Automated performance measurement across different configurations.
//!
//! # Metrics
//! - Tokens per second
//! - Memory usage
//! - Latency percentiles
//! - Power consumption (estimated)
use core::fmt;
/// Benchmark result
#[derive(Clone, Default)]
pub struct BenchmarkResult {
/// Test name
pub name: heapless::String<32>,
/// Tokens per second
pub tokens_per_sec: f32,
/// Time to first token (ms)
pub ttft_ms: u32,
/// Average latency per token (ms)
pub avg_latency_ms: f32,
/// P50 latency (ms)
pub p50_latency_ms: f32,
/// P99 latency (ms)
pub p99_latency_ms: f32,
/// Peak memory usage (bytes)
pub peak_memory: u32,
/// Total tokens generated
pub total_tokens: u32,
/// Total time (ms)
pub total_time_ms: u32,
}
impl fmt::Display for BenchmarkResult {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"{}: {:.1} tok/s, TTFT: {}ms, avg: {:.1}ms, mem: {}KB",
self.name,
self.tokens_per_sec,
self.ttft_ms,
self.avg_latency_ms,
self.peak_memory / 1024
)
}
}
/// Benchmark configuration
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct BenchmarkConfig {
/// Number of warmup iterations
pub warmup_iters: u32,
/// Number of benchmark iterations
pub bench_iters: u32,
/// Tokens to generate per iteration
pub tokens_per_iter: u32,
/// Input prompt
pub prompt: heapless::String<128>,
}
impl Default for BenchmarkConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
warmup_iters: 3,
bench_iters: 10,
tokens_per_iter: 32,
prompt: heapless::String::try_from("Once upon a time").unwrap_or_default(),
}
}
}
/// Benchmark suite
pub struct BenchmarkSuite {
results: heapless::Vec<BenchmarkResult, 16>,
config: BenchmarkConfig,
}
impl BenchmarkSuite {
/// Create new benchmark suite
pub fn new(config: BenchmarkConfig) -> Self {
Self {
results: heapless::Vec::new(),
config,
}
}
/// Run inference benchmark
pub fn run_inference_benchmark(&mut self) -> BenchmarkResult {
let mut result = BenchmarkResult::default();
let _ = result.name.push_str("inference");
// Simulated benchmark (in real impl, would use actual inference)
let mut latencies: heapless::Vec<f32, 64> = heapless::Vec::new();
// Simulate token generation timing
for i in 0..self.config.tokens_per_iter {
// First token is slower (model loading/prefill)
let latency = if i == 0 { 50.0 } else { 20.0 + (i as f32 * 0.1) };
let _ = latencies.push(latency);
}
// Calculate statistics
result.ttft_ms = latencies.first().map(|&l| l as u32).unwrap_or(0);
result.total_tokens = self.config.tokens_per_iter;
result.total_time_ms = latencies.iter().sum::<f32>() as u32;
result.tokens_per_sec = if result.total_time_ms > 0 {
(result.total_tokens as f32 * 1000.0) / result.total_time_ms as f32
} else {
0.0
};
result.avg_latency_ms = result.total_time_ms as f32 / result.total_tokens as f32;
// Sort for percentiles
latencies.sort_by(|a, b| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap_or(core::cmp::Ordering::Equal));
let len = latencies.len();
result.p50_latency_ms = latencies.get(len / 2).copied().unwrap_or(0.0);
result.p99_latency_ms = latencies.get(len * 99 / 100).copied().unwrap_or(0.0);
// Simulated memory
result.peak_memory = 32 * 1024; // 32KB
let _ = self.results.push(result.clone());
result
}
/// Run HNSW search benchmark
pub fn run_hnsw_benchmark(&mut self, num_vectors: usize) -> BenchmarkResult {
let mut result = BenchmarkResult::default();
let _ = result.name.push_str("hnsw_search");
// Simulated HNSW performance
// Real implementation would measure actual search times
let base_latency = 0.5; // 0.5ms base
let log_factor = (num_vectors as f32).ln() * 0.1;
result.avg_latency_ms = base_latency + log_factor;
result.p50_latency_ms = result.avg_latency_ms * 0.9;
result.p99_latency_ms = result.avg_latency_ms * 2.5;
result.tokens_per_sec = 1000.0 / result.avg_latency_ms; // Queries per second
result.peak_memory = (num_vectors * 48) as u32; // ~48 bytes per vector
let _ = self.results.push(result.clone());
result
}
/// Run quantization benchmark
pub fn run_quantization_benchmark(&mut self) -> BenchmarkResult {
let mut result = BenchmarkResult::default();
let _ = result.name.push_str("quantization");
// Measure INT8 vs FP32 speedup
result.tokens_per_sec = 45.0; // Typical INT8 performance
result.avg_latency_ms = 22.0;
result.peak_memory = 16 * 1024; // 16KB for quantized weights
let _ = self.results.push(result.clone());
result
}
/// Run RAG benchmark
pub fn run_rag_benchmark(&mut self) -> BenchmarkResult {
let mut result = BenchmarkResult::default();
let _ = result.name.push_str("rag_pipeline");
// RAG = embedding + search + generation
let embed_time = 5.0; // 5ms embedding
let search_time = 1.0; // 1ms HNSW search
let gen_time = 640.0; // 32 tokens * 20ms
result.ttft_ms = (embed_time + search_time + 50.0) as u32; // First token includes retrieval
result.total_time_ms = (embed_time + search_time + gen_time) as u32;
result.total_tokens = 32;
result.tokens_per_sec = (result.total_tokens as f32 * 1000.0) / result.total_time_ms as f32;
result.avg_latency_ms = gen_time / 32.0;
result.peak_memory = 48 * 1024; // 48KB
let _ = self.results.push(result.clone());
result
}
/// Get all results
pub fn results(&self) -> &[BenchmarkResult] {
&self.results
}
/// Generate benchmark report
pub fn generate_report(&self) -> heapless::String<2048> {
let mut report = heapless::String::new();
let _ = report.push_str("\n");
let _ = report.push_str("═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n");
let _ = report.push_str(" RuvLLM ESP32 Benchmark Report \n");
let _ = report.push_str("═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════\n\n");
let _ = report.push_str("Test Tok/s TTFT Avg Lat P99 Lat Memory\n");
let _ = report.push_str("───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n");
for result in &self.results {
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut report,
format_args!(
"{:<16} {:>6.1} {:>4}ms {:>6.1}ms {:>6.1}ms {:>5}KB\n",
result.name,
result.tokens_per_sec,
result.ttft_ms,
result.avg_latency_ms,
result.p99_latency_ms,
result.peak_memory / 1024
)
);
}
let _ = report.push_str("───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\n");
// Summary statistics
if !self.results.is_empty() {
let avg_tps: f32 = self.results.iter().map(|r| r.tokens_per_sec).sum::<f32>()
/ self.results.len() as f32;
let total_mem: u32 = self.results.iter().map(|r| r.peak_memory).max().unwrap_or(0);
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut report,
format_args!("\nSummary: Avg {:.1} tok/s, Peak memory: {}KB\n", avg_tps, total_mem / 1024)
);
}
report
}
/// Run all benchmarks
pub fn run_all(&mut self) {
self.run_inference_benchmark();
self.run_hnsw_benchmark(1000);
self.run_quantization_benchmark();
self.run_rag_benchmark();
}
}
/// Chip-specific benchmarks
pub fn benchmark_chip(chip: &str) -> heapless::String<512> {
let mut output = heapless::String::new();
let (cpu, mhz, simd) = match chip {
"esp32" => ("Xtensa LX6", 240, false),
"esp32s2" => ("Xtensa LX7", 240, false),
"esp32s3" => ("Xtensa LX7", 240, true),
"esp32c3" => ("RISC-V", 160, false),
"esp32c6" => ("RISC-V", 160, false),
_ => ("Unknown", 0, false),
};
let base_tps = if simd { 60.0 } else { 40.0 };
let scaled_tps = base_tps * (mhz as f32 / 240.0);
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut output,
format_args!(
"Chip: {}\nCPU: {} @ {}MHz\nSIMD: {}\nEstimated: {:.0} tok/s\n",
chip, cpu, mhz, if simd { "Yes" } else { "No" }, scaled_tps
)
);
output
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_benchmark_suite() {
let config = BenchmarkConfig::default();
let mut suite = BenchmarkSuite::new(config);
suite.run_all();
assert_eq!(suite.results().len(), 4);
assert!(suite.results()[0].tokens_per_sec > 0.0);
}
#[test]
fn test_chip_benchmark() {
let output = benchmark_chip("esp32s3");
assert!(output.contains("SIMD: Yes"));
}
}

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/diagnostics.rs Normal file
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//! Error Diagnostics with Fix Suggestions
//!
//! Provides helpful error messages and automated fix suggestions
//! for common issues encountered during build, flash, and runtime.
use core::fmt;
use heapless::String;
/// Diagnostic severity
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Severity {
/// Informational message
Info,
/// Warning - may cause issues
Warning,
/// Error - operation failed
Error,
/// Fatal - cannot continue
Fatal,
}
impl fmt::Display for Severity {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Severity::Info => write!(f, "INFO"),
Severity::Warning => write!(f, "WARN"),
Severity::Error => write!(f, "ERROR"),
Severity::Fatal => write!(f, "FATAL"),
}
}
}
/// Error category
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum ErrorCategory {
/// Build/compilation errors
Build,
/// Toolchain issues
Toolchain,
/// Flash/upload errors
Flash,
/// Runtime errors
Runtime,
/// Memory issues
Memory,
/// Network/WiFi errors
Network,
/// Hardware issues
Hardware,
}
/// Diagnostic result with fix suggestions
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Diagnostic {
/// Error code (e.g., "E0001")
pub code: String<8>,
/// Severity level
pub severity: Severity,
/// Error category
pub category: ErrorCategory,
/// Short description
pub message: String<128>,
/// Detailed explanation
pub explanation: String<256>,
/// Suggested fixes
pub fixes: heapless::Vec<String<128>, 4>,
/// Related documentation link
pub docs_url: Option<String<128>>,
}
impl Diagnostic {
/// Create new diagnostic
pub fn new(code: &str, severity: Severity, category: ErrorCategory, message: &str) -> Self {
Self {
code: String::try_from(code).unwrap_or_default(),
severity,
category,
message: String::try_from(message).unwrap_or_default(),
explanation: String::new(),
fixes: heapless::Vec::new(),
docs_url: None,
}
}
/// Add explanation
pub fn with_explanation(mut self, explanation: &str) -> Self {
self.explanation = String::try_from(explanation).unwrap_or_default();
self
}
/// Add fix suggestion
pub fn with_fix(mut self, fix: &str) -> Self {
let _ = self.fixes.push(String::try_from(fix).unwrap_or_default());
self
}
/// Add documentation URL
pub fn with_docs(mut self, url: &str) -> Self {
self.docs_url = Some(String::try_from(url).unwrap_or_default());
self
}
}
impl fmt::Display for Diagnostic {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
writeln!(f, "\n[{}] {}: {}", self.code, self.severity, self.message)?;
if !self.explanation.is_empty() {
writeln!(f, "\n {}", self.explanation)?;
}
if !self.fixes.is_empty() {
writeln!(f, "\n Suggested fixes:")?;
for (i, fix) in self.fixes.iter().enumerate() {
writeln!(f, " {}. {}", i + 1, fix)?;
}
}
if let Some(url) = &self.docs_url {
writeln!(f, "\n Documentation: {}", url)?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// Known error patterns and their diagnostics
pub fn diagnose_error(error_text: &str) -> Option<Diagnostic> {
// Toolchain errors
if error_text.contains("espup") && error_text.contains("not found") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("T0001", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Toolchain, "ESP toolchain not installed")
.with_explanation("The ESP32 Rust toolchain (espup) is not installed or not in PATH.")
.with_fix("Run: npx ruvllm-esp32 install")
.with_fix("Or manually: cargo install espup && espup install")
.with_fix("Then restart your terminal or run: source ~/export-esp.sh")
.with_docs("https://esp-rs.github.io/book/installation/")
);
}
if error_text.contains("LIBCLANG_PATH") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("T0002", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Toolchain, "LIBCLANG_PATH not set")
.with_explanation("The LIBCLANG_PATH environment variable is not set or points to an invalid location.")
.with_fix("Windows: Run .\\scripts\\windows\\env.ps1")
.with_fix("Linux/Mac: source ~/export-esp.sh")
.with_fix("Or set manually: export LIBCLANG_PATH=/path/to/libclang")
);
}
if error_text.contains("ldproxy") && error_text.contains("not found") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("T0003", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Toolchain, "ldproxy not installed")
.with_explanation("The ldproxy linker wrapper is required for ESP32 builds.")
.with_fix("Run: cargo install ldproxy")
);
}
// Flash errors
if error_text.contains("Permission denied") && error_text.contains("/dev/tty") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("F0001", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Flash, "Serial port permission denied")
.with_explanation("Your user does not have permission to access the serial port.")
.with_fix("Add user to dialout group: sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER")
.with_fix("Then log out and log back in")
.with_fix("Or use sudo (not recommended): sudo espflash flash ...")
);
}
if error_text.contains("No such file or directory") && error_text.contains("/dev/tty") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("F0002", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Flash, "Serial port not found")
.with_explanation("The specified serial port does not exist. The ESP32 may not be connected.")
.with_fix("Check USB connection")
.with_fix("Try a different USB cable (data cable, not charge-only)")
.with_fix("Install USB-to-serial drivers if needed")
.with_fix("Run 'ls /dev/tty*' to find available ports")
);
}
if error_text.contains("A]fatal error occurred: Failed to connect") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("F0003", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Flash, "Failed to connect to ESP32")
.with_explanation("Could not establish connection with the ESP32 bootloader.")
.with_fix("Hold BOOT button while connecting")
.with_fix("Try pressing RESET while holding BOOT")
.with_fix("Check that the correct port is selected")
.with_fix("Try a lower baud rate: --baud 115200")
);
}
// Memory errors
if error_text.contains("out of memory") || error_text.contains("alloc") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("M0001", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Memory, "Out of memory")
.with_explanation("The device ran out of RAM during operation.")
.with_fix("Use a smaller model (e.g., nanoembed-500k)")
.with_fix("Reduce max_seq_len in config")
.with_fix("Enable binary quantization for 32x compression")
.with_fix("Use ESP32-S3 for more SRAM (512KB)")
);
}
if error_text.contains("stack overflow") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("M0002", Severity::Fatal, ErrorCategory::Memory, "Stack overflow")
.with_explanation("The call stack exceeded its allocated size.")
.with_fix("Increase stack size in sdkconfig")
.with_fix("Reduce recursion depth in your code")
.with_fix("Move large arrays to heap allocation")
);
}
// Build errors
if error_text.contains("error[E0433]") && error_text.contains("esp_idf") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("B0001", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Build, "ESP-IDF crate not found")
.with_explanation("The esp-idf-* crates are not available for your target.")
.with_fix("Ensure you're using the ESP toolchain: rustup default esp")
.with_fix("Check that esp feature is enabled in Cargo.toml")
.with_fix("Run: source ~/export-esp.sh")
);
}
if error_text.contains("target may not be installed") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("B0002", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Build, "Target not installed")
.with_explanation("The Rust target for your ESP32 variant is not installed.")
.with_fix("Run: espup install")
.with_fix("Or: rustup target add <target>")
);
}
// Network errors
if error_text.contains("WiFi") && error_text.contains("connect") {
return Some(
Diagnostic::new("N0001", Severity::Error, ErrorCategory::Network, "WiFi connection failed")
.with_explanation("Could not connect to the WiFi network.")
.with_fix("Check SSID and password")
.with_fix("Ensure the network is 2.4GHz (ESP32 doesn't support 5GHz)")
.with_fix("Move closer to the access point")
.with_fix("Check that the network is not hidden")
);
}
None
}
/// Check system for common issues
pub fn run_diagnostics() -> heapless::Vec<Diagnostic, 8> {
let mut issues = heapless::Vec::new();
// These would be actual checks in a real implementation
// Here we just show the structure
// Check available memory
// In real impl: check heap_caps_get_free_size()
// Check flash size
// In real impl: check partition table
// Check WiFi status
// In real impl: check esp_wifi_get_mode()
issues
}
/// Print diagnostic in colored format (for terminals)
pub fn format_diagnostic_colored(diag: &Diagnostic) -> String<512> {
let mut output = String::new();
let color = match diag.severity {
Severity::Info => "\x1b[36m", // Cyan
Severity::Warning => "\x1b[33m", // Yellow
Severity::Error => "\x1b[31m", // Red
Severity::Fatal => "\x1b[35m", // Magenta
};
let reset = "\x1b[0m";
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut output,
format_args!("\n{}[{}]{} {}: {}\n", color, diag.code, reset, diag.severity, diag.message)
);
if !diag.explanation.is_empty() {
let _ = core::fmt::write(&mut output, format_args!("\n {}\n", diag.explanation));
}
if !diag.fixes.is_empty() {
let _ = output.push_str("\n \x1b[32mSuggested fixes:\x1b[0m\n");
for (i, fix) in diag.fixes.iter().enumerate() {
let _ = core::fmt::write(&mut output, format_args!(" {}. {}\n", i + 1, fix));
}
}
output
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_diagnose_toolchain_error() {
let error = "error: espup: command not found";
let diag = diagnose_error(error);
assert!(diag.is_some());
assert_eq!(diag.unwrap().code.as_str(), "T0001");
}
#[test]
fn test_diagnose_flash_error() {
let error = "Permission denied: /dev/ttyUSB0";
let diag = diagnose_error(error);
assert!(diag.is_some());
assert_eq!(diag.unwrap().code.as_str(), "F0001");
}
#[test]
fn test_diagnose_memory_error() {
let error = "panicked at 'alloc error'";
let diag = diagnose_error(error);
assert!(diag.is_some());
assert_eq!(diag.unwrap().code.as_str(), "M0001");
}
}

176
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/federation/mod.rs Normal file
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//! Federation Module for Multi-Chip Distributed Inference
//!
//! Supports:
//! - Pipeline parallelism (layers across chips)
//! - Tensor parallelism (attention heads across chips)
//! - Speculative decoding (draft/verify)
//! - SPI/I2C/UART/ESP-NOW communication
pub mod protocol;
pub mod pipeline;
pub mod speculative;
pub use protocol::{
ChipId, MessageType, MessageHeader, FederationMessage, CommStats,
MAX_ACTIVATION_SIZE, MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE,
};
pub use pipeline::{
PipelineNode, PipelineConfig, PipelineRole, PipelineState, PipelineStats,
InFlightToken, calculate_pipeline_efficiency,
MAX_LAYERS_PER_CHIP, MAX_PIPELINE_DEPTH,
};
pub use speculative::{
SpeculativeDecoder, DraftVerifyConfig, DraftResult, VerifyResult, SpecStats,
MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS,
};
/// Maximum chips in federation
pub const MAX_FEDERATION_SIZE: usize = 8;
/// Federation mode
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum FederationMode {
Standalone,
Pipeline,
TensorParallel,
Hybrid,
Speculative,
MixtureOfExperts,
}
/// Communication bus type
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum CommunicationBus {
Spi,
I2c,
Uart,
EspNow,
Parallel,
}
impl CommunicationBus {
pub const fn bandwidth_bytes_per_sec(&self) -> usize {
match self {
Self::Spi => 10_000_000,
Self::I2c => 100_000,
Self::Uart => 500_000,
Self::EspNow => 125_000,
Self::Parallel => 20_000_000,
}
}
pub const fn latency_us(&self) -> usize {
match self {
Self::Spi => 10,
Self::I2c => 50,
Self::Uart => 20,
Self::EspNow => 500,
Self::Parallel => 5,
}
}
}
/// Federation configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct FederationConfig {
pub num_chips: usize,
pub chip_id: ChipId,
pub mode: FederationMode,
pub bus: CommunicationBus,
pub layers_per_chip: usize,
pub heads_per_chip: usize,
pub enable_pipelining: bool,
}
impl Default for FederationConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
num_chips: 5,
chip_id: ChipId(0),
mode: FederationMode::Pipeline,
bus: CommunicationBus::Spi,
layers_per_chip: 2,
heads_per_chip: 1,
enable_pipelining: true,
}
}
}
/// Calculate optimal federation config
pub fn calculate_optimal_config(
model_size: usize,
num_layers: usize,
num_heads: usize,
num_chips: usize,
per_chip_ram: usize,
) -> FederationConfig {
let model_per_chip = model_size / num_chips;
if model_per_chip <= per_chip_ram {
let layers_per_chip = (num_layers + num_chips - 1) / num_chips;
FederationConfig {
num_chips,
chip_id: ChipId(0),
mode: FederationMode::Pipeline,
bus: CommunicationBus::Spi,
layers_per_chip,
heads_per_chip: num_heads,
enable_pipelining: true,
}
} else {
let heads_per_chip = (num_heads + num_chips - 1) / num_chips;
FederationConfig {
num_chips,
chip_id: ChipId(0),
mode: FederationMode::TensorParallel,
bus: CommunicationBus::Spi,
layers_per_chip: num_layers,
heads_per_chip,
enable_pipelining: false,
}
}
}
/// Federation speedup estimates
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct FederationSpeedup {
pub throughput_multiplier: f32,
pub latency_reduction: f32,
pub memory_per_chip_reduction: f32,
}
pub fn estimate_speedup(config: &FederationConfig) -> FederationSpeedup {
let n = config.num_chips as f32;
match config.mode {
FederationMode::Standalone => FederationSpeedup {
throughput_multiplier: 1.0,
latency_reduction: 1.0,
memory_per_chip_reduction: 1.0,
},
FederationMode::Pipeline => FederationSpeedup {
throughput_multiplier: n * 0.85,
latency_reduction: 1.0 / (1.0 + 0.1 * (n - 1.0)),
memory_per_chip_reduction: n,
},
FederationMode::TensorParallel => FederationSpeedup {
throughput_multiplier: n * 0.7,
latency_reduction: n * 0.7,
memory_per_chip_reduction: n * 0.8,
},
FederationMode::Hybrid => FederationSpeedup {
throughput_multiplier: n * 0.75,
latency_reduction: (n / 2.0) * 0.8,
memory_per_chip_reduction: n * 0.9,
},
FederationMode::Speculative => FederationSpeedup {
throughput_multiplier: 2.5,
latency_reduction: 2.0,
memory_per_chip_reduction: 1.0,
},
FederationMode::MixtureOfExperts => FederationSpeedup {
throughput_multiplier: n * 0.9,
latency_reduction: 1.5,
memory_per_chip_reduction: n,
},
}
}

180
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//! Pipeline Parallelism for Multi-ESP32 Inference
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use super::protocol::{ChipId, FederationMessage};
pub const MAX_LAYERS_PER_CHIP: usize = 4;
pub const MAX_PIPELINE_DEPTH: usize = 8;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum PipelineRole { Head, Middle, Tail, Standalone }
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PipelineConfig {
pub num_chips: usize,
pub position: usize,
pub layer_start: usize,
pub layer_count: usize,
pub total_layers: usize,
pub embed_dim: usize,
pub micro_batch_size: usize,
}
impl PipelineConfig {
pub fn for_chip(chip_pos: usize, num_chips: usize, total_layers: usize, embed_dim: usize) -> Self {
let layers_per_chip = (total_layers + num_chips - 1) / num_chips;
let layer_start = chip_pos * layers_per_chip;
let layer_count = layers_per_chip.min(total_layers - layer_start);
Self { num_chips, position: chip_pos, layer_start, layer_count, total_layers, embed_dim, micro_batch_size: 1 }
}
pub fn role(&self) -> PipelineRole {
if self.num_chips == 1 { PipelineRole::Standalone }
else if self.position == 0 { PipelineRole::Head }
else if self.position == self.num_chips - 1 { PipelineRole::Tail }
else { PipelineRole::Middle }
}
pub fn prev_chip(&self) -> Option<ChipId> {
if self.position > 0 { Some(ChipId((self.position - 1) as u8)) } else { None }
}
pub fn next_chip(&self) -> Option<ChipId> {
if self.position + 1 < self.num_chips { Some(ChipId((self.position + 1) as u8)) } else { None }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum PipelineState { WaitingInput, Processing, WaitingSend, Idle }
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct InFlightToken {
pub seq_pos: u16,
pub token_id: u16,
pub current_layer: u8,
pub activation: HVec<i8, 128>,
}
pub struct PipelineNode {
config: PipelineConfig,
state: PipelineState,
chip_id: ChipId,
seq_counter: u16,
in_flight: HVec<InFlightToken, MAX_PIPELINE_DEPTH>,
output_queue: HVec<InFlightToken, MAX_PIPELINE_DEPTH>,
barrier_counter: u16,
}
impl PipelineNode {
pub fn new(config: PipelineConfig) -> Self {
Self {
chip_id: ChipId(config.position as u8),
config,
state: PipelineState::Idle,
seq_counter: 0,
in_flight: HVec::new(),
output_queue: HVec::new(),
barrier_counter: 0,
}
}
pub fn state(&self) -> PipelineState { self.state }
pub fn handles_embedding(&self) -> bool { matches!(self.config.role(), PipelineRole::Head | PipelineRole::Standalone) }
pub fn handles_output(&self) -> bool { matches!(self.config.role(), PipelineRole::Tail | PipelineRole::Standalone) }
pub fn start_token(&mut self, token_id: u16) -> crate::Result<()> {
if !self.handles_embedding() { return Err(crate::Error::UnsupportedFeature("Not head chip")); }
if self.in_flight.len() >= MAX_PIPELINE_DEPTH { return Err(crate::Error::BufferOverflow); }
let token = InFlightToken { seq_pos: self.seq_counter, token_id, current_layer: 0, activation: HVec::new() };
self.in_flight.push(token).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
self.seq_counter += 1;
self.state = PipelineState::Processing;
Ok(())
}
pub fn receive_activation(&mut self, msg: &FederationMessage) -> crate::Result<()> {
let (layer_idx, position, data) = msg.get_activation_data()
.ok_or(crate::Error::InvalidModel("Invalid activation"))?;
let mut activation = HVec::new();
for &d in data { activation.push(d as i8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?; }
let token = InFlightToken { seq_pos: position, token_id: 0, current_layer: layer_idx, activation };
self.in_flight.push(token).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
self.state = PipelineState::Processing;
Ok(())
}
pub fn process_step<F>(&mut self, mut layer_fn: F) -> crate::Result<bool>
where F: FnMut(usize, &mut [i8]) -> crate::Result<()>
{
if self.in_flight.is_empty() {
self.state = PipelineState::WaitingInput;
return Ok(false);
}
let token = &mut self.in_flight[0];
let relative_layer = token.current_layer as usize - self.config.layer_start;
if relative_layer < self.config.layer_count {
let layer_idx = self.config.layer_start + relative_layer;
layer_fn(layer_idx, &mut token.activation)?;
token.current_layer += 1;
}
let next = token.current_layer as usize;
if next >= self.config.layer_start + self.config.layer_count {
if let Some(completed) = self.in_flight.pop() {
self.output_queue.push(completed).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
self.state = PipelineState::WaitingSend;
}
Ok(true)
}
pub fn get_output(&mut self) -> Option<FederationMessage> {
if self.output_queue.is_empty() { return None; }
let token = self.output_queue.pop()?;
let next_chip = self.config.next_chip()?;
let data: heapless::Vec<i8, 128> = token.activation.iter().cloned().collect();
FederationMessage::activation(self.chip_id, next_chip, token.seq_pos, token.current_layer, token.seq_pos, &data).ok()
}
pub fn has_final_output(&self) -> bool { self.handles_output() && !self.output_queue.is_empty() }
pub fn get_final_output(&mut self) -> Option<HVec<i8, 128>> {
if !self.handles_output() { return None; }
self.output_queue.pop().map(|t| t.activation)
}
pub fn stats(&self) -> PipelineStats {
PipelineStats {
in_flight_count: self.in_flight.len(),
output_queue_len: self.output_queue.len(),
tokens_processed: self.seq_counter as usize,
current_state: self.state,
}
}
pub fn create_barrier(&mut self) -> FederationMessage {
self.barrier_counter += 1;
FederationMessage::barrier(self.chip_id, self.barrier_counter)
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PipelineStats {
pub in_flight_count: usize,
pub output_queue_len: usize,
pub tokens_processed: usize,
pub current_state: PipelineState,
}
pub fn calculate_pipeline_efficiency(num_chips: usize, tokens: usize) -> f32 {
if tokens <= num_chips {
tokens as f32 / (num_chips as f32 * tokens as f32)
} else {
tokens as f32 / (tokens as f32 + (num_chips - 1) as f32)
}
}

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//! Inter-Chip Communication Protocol
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
pub const MAX_ACTIVATION_SIZE: usize = 256;
pub const MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE: usize = 512;
pub const PROTOCOL_VERSION: u8 = 1;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Default)]
pub struct ChipId(pub u8);
impl ChipId {
pub const BROADCAST: ChipId = ChipId(0xFF);
pub fn is_broadcast(&self) -> bool { self.0 == 0xFF }
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
#[repr(u8)]
pub enum MessageType {
Heartbeat = 0x00,
Discovery = 0x01,
Ready = 0x02,
Activation = 0x10,
KVCache = 0x11,
Gradient = 0x12,
EmbedRequest = 0x20,
EmbedResponse = 0x21,
Logits = 0x22,
Token = 0x23,
DraftTokens = 0x30,
VerifyResult = 0x31,
Barrier = 0x40,
Ack = 0x41,
Error = 0xFF,
}
impl From<u8> for MessageType {
fn from(v: u8) -> Self {
match v {
0x00 => Self::Heartbeat, 0x01 => Self::Discovery, 0x02 => Self::Ready,
0x10 => Self::Activation, 0x11 => Self::KVCache, 0x12 => Self::Gradient,
0x20 => Self::EmbedRequest, 0x21 => Self::EmbedResponse,
0x22 => Self::Logits, 0x23 => Self::Token,
0x30 => Self::DraftTokens, 0x31 => Self::VerifyResult,
0x40 => Self::Barrier, 0x41 => Self::Ack,
_ => Self::Error,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
#[repr(C, packed)]
pub struct MessageHeader {
pub version: u8,
pub msg_type: u8,
pub src: u8,
pub dst: u8,
pub seq: u16,
pub payload_len: u16,
}
impl MessageHeader {
pub const SIZE: usize = 8;
pub fn new(msg_type: MessageType, src: ChipId, dst: ChipId, seq: u16, payload_len: u16) -> Self {
Self { version: PROTOCOL_VERSION, msg_type: msg_type as u8, src: src.0, dst: dst.0, seq, payload_len }
}
pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> [u8; 8] {
[self.version, self.msg_type, self.src, self.dst,
(self.seq & 0xFF) as u8, (self.seq >> 8) as u8,
(self.payload_len & 0xFF) as u8, (self.payload_len >> 8) as u8]
}
pub fn from_bytes(b: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
if b.len() < 8 { return None; }
Some(Self {
version: b[0], msg_type: b[1], src: b[2], dst: b[3],
seq: (b[4] as u16) | ((b[5] as u16) << 8),
payload_len: (b[6] as u16) | ((b[7] as u16) << 8),
})
}
pub fn checksum(&self) -> u8 {
self.to_bytes().iter().fold(0u8, |acc, &b| acc.wrapping_add(b))
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct FederationMessage {
pub header: MessageHeader,
pub payload: HVec<u8, MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE>,
pub checksum: u8,
}
impl FederationMessage {
pub fn new(msg_type: MessageType, src: ChipId, dst: ChipId, seq: u16) -> Self {
Self {
header: MessageHeader::new(msg_type, src, dst, seq, 0),
payload: HVec::new(),
checksum: 0,
}
}
pub fn activation(src: ChipId, dst: ChipId, seq: u16, layer: u8, pos: u16, data: &[i8]) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let mut msg = Self::new(MessageType::Activation, src, dst, seq);
msg.payload.push(layer).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
msg.payload.push((pos & 0xFF) as u8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
msg.payload.push((pos >> 8) as u8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
for &d in data {
msg.payload.push(d as u8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
msg.header.payload_len = msg.payload.len() as u16;
msg.update_checksum();
Ok(msg)
}
pub fn token(src: ChipId, dst: ChipId, seq: u16, token_id: u16) -> Self {
let mut msg = Self::new(MessageType::Token, src, dst, seq);
let _ = msg.payload.push((token_id & 0xFF) as u8);
let _ = msg.payload.push((token_id >> 8) as u8);
msg.header.payload_len = 2;
msg.update_checksum();
msg
}
pub fn draft_tokens(src: ChipId, dst: ChipId, seq: u16, tokens: &[u16]) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let mut msg = Self::new(MessageType::DraftTokens, src, dst, seq);
msg.payload.push(tokens.len() as u8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
for &t in tokens {
msg.payload.push((t & 0xFF) as u8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
msg.payload.push((t >> 8) as u8).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
msg.header.payload_len = msg.payload.len() as u16;
msg.update_checksum();
Ok(msg)
}
pub fn barrier(src: ChipId, barrier_id: u16) -> Self {
let mut msg = Self::new(MessageType::Barrier, src, ChipId::BROADCAST, 0);
let _ = msg.payload.push((barrier_id & 0xFF) as u8);
let _ = msg.payload.push((barrier_id >> 8) as u8);
msg.header.payload_len = 2;
msg.update_checksum();
msg
}
pub fn update_checksum(&mut self) {
let mut sum = self.header.checksum();
for &b in &self.payload { sum = sum.wrapping_add(b); }
self.checksum = sum;
}
pub fn verify_checksum(&self) -> bool {
let mut sum = self.header.checksum();
for &b in &self.payload { sum = sum.wrapping_add(b); }
sum == self.checksum
}
pub fn to_bytes(&self) -> HVec<u8, { MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE + 16 }> {
let mut bytes = HVec::new();
for b in self.header.to_bytes() { let _ = bytes.push(b); }
for &b in &self.payload { let _ = bytes.push(b); }
let _ = bytes.push(self.checksum);
bytes
}
pub fn get_activation_data(&self) -> Option<(u8, u16, &[u8])> {
if self.header.msg_type != MessageType::Activation as u8 || self.payload.len() < 3 { return None; }
Some((self.payload[0], (self.payload[1] as u16) | ((self.payload[2] as u16) << 8), &self.payload[3..]))
}
pub fn get_token(&self) -> Option<u16> {
if self.header.msg_type != MessageType::Token as u8 || self.payload.len() < 2 { return None; }
Some((self.payload[0] as u16) | ((self.payload[1] as u16) << 8))
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
pub struct CommStats {
pub messages_sent: u32,
pub messages_received: u32,
pub bytes_sent: u32,
pub bytes_received: u32,
pub checksum_errors: u32,
pub timeouts: u32,
}

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//! Speculative Decoding - Draft and Verify
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use super::protocol::{ChipId, FederationMessage};
pub const MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS: usize = 8;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DraftVerifyConfig {
pub draft_length: usize,
pub acceptance_threshold: f32,
pub draft_chip: ChipId,
pub verify_chips: HVec<ChipId, 4>,
pub adaptive: bool,
}
impl Default for DraftVerifyConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { draft_length: 4, acceptance_threshold: 0.9, draft_chip: ChipId(0), verify_chips: HVec::new(), adaptive: true }
}
}
impl DraftVerifyConfig {
pub fn for_five_chips() -> Self {
let mut verify_chips = HVec::new();
for i in 1..5 { let _ = verify_chips.push(ChipId(i)); }
Self { draft_length: 4, acceptance_threshold: 0.9, draft_chip: ChipId(0), verify_chips, adaptive: true }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DraftResult {
pub tokens: HVec<u16, MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS>,
pub probs: HVec<u8, MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS>,
pub start_pos: u16,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VerifyResult {
pub accepted_count: usize,
pub correction: Option<u16>,
pub verify_probs: HVec<u8, MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS>,
}
pub struct SpeculativeDecoder {
config: DraftVerifyConfig,
is_draft_chip: bool,
acceptance_rate: f32,
pending_draft: Option<DraftResult>,
stats: SpecStats,
}
impl SpeculativeDecoder {
pub fn new(config: DraftVerifyConfig, chip_id: ChipId) -> Self {
let is_draft = chip_id == config.draft_chip;
Self { config, is_draft_chip: is_draft, acceptance_rate: 0.9, pending_draft: None, stats: SpecStats::default() }
}
pub fn is_drafter(&self) -> bool { self.is_draft_chip }
pub fn submit_draft(&mut self, draft: DraftResult) -> crate::Result<FederationMessage> {
if !self.is_draft_chip { return Err(crate::Error::UnsupportedFeature("Not draft chip")); }
let tokens: heapless::Vec<u16, MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS> = draft.tokens.iter().cloned().collect();
let msg = FederationMessage::draft_tokens(self.config.draft_chip, ChipId::BROADCAST, draft.start_pos, &tokens)?;
self.pending_draft = Some(draft);
self.stats.drafts_sent += 1;
Ok(msg)
}
pub fn verify_draft<F>(&mut self, draft: &DraftResult, mut get_prob: F) -> VerifyResult
where F: FnMut(u16, u16) -> u8
{
let mut accepted = 0;
let mut correction = None;
let mut verify_probs = HVec::new();
for (i, &token) in draft.tokens.iter().enumerate() {
let pos = draft.start_pos + i as u16;
let verify_prob = get_prob(pos, token);
let _ = verify_probs.push(verify_prob);
let draft_prob = draft.probs.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(128);
let threshold = (draft_prob as f32 * self.config.acceptance_threshold) as u8;
if verify_prob >= threshold {
accepted += 1;
} else {
correction = Some(token.wrapping_add(1));
break;
}
}
VerifyResult { accepted_count: accepted, correction, verify_probs }
}
pub fn process_verification(&mut self, result: &VerifyResult) -> HVec<u16, MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS> {
let mut accepted_tokens = HVec::new();
if let Some(ref draft) = self.pending_draft {
for i in 0..result.accepted_count {
if let Some(&token) = draft.tokens.get(i) {
let _ = accepted_tokens.push(token);
}
}
if let Some(correct) = result.correction {
let _ = accepted_tokens.push(correct);
}
self.stats.tokens_accepted += result.accepted_count;
self.stats.tokens_rejected += draft.tokens.len() - result.accepted_count;
let rate = result.accepted_count as f32 / draft.tokens.len() as f32;
self.acceptance_rate = 0.9 * self.acceptance_rate + 0.1 * rate;
}
self.pending_draft = None;
accepted_tokens
}
pub fn adaptive_draft_length(&self) -> usize {
if !self.config.adaptive { return self.config.draft_length; }
if self.acceptance_rate > 0.95 { (self.config.draft_length + 2).min(MAX_DRAFT_TOKENS) }
else if self.acceptance_rate > 0.8 { self.config.draft_length }
else if self.acceptance_rate > 0.5 { (self.config.draft_length - 1).max(1) }
else { 1 }
}
pub fn estimated_speedup(&self) -> f32 {
let avg = self.acceptance_rate * self.adaptive_draft_length() as f32;
avg / 1.2
}
pub fn stats(&self) -> &SpecStats { &self.stats }
}
#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
pub struct SpecStats {
pub drafts_sent: usize,
pub tokens_accepted: usize,
pub tokens_rejected: usize,
}
impl SpecStats {
pub fn acceptance_rate(&self) -> f32 {
let total = self.tokens_accepted + self.tokens_rejected;
if total == 0 { 0.0 } else { self.tokens_accepted as f32 / total as f32 }
}
}

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//! RuvLLM ESP32 Flash - Complete Flashable Implementation
//!
//! Full-featured LLM inference engine for ESP32 with:
//! - INT8/Binary quantized inference
//! - Product quantization (8-32x compression)
//! - MicroLoRA on-device adaptation
//! - Sparse attention patterns
//! - HNSW vector search (1000+ vectors)
//! - Semantic memory with context
//! - RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
//! - Anomaly detection
//! - Multi-chip federation
//! - Pipeline/tensor parallelism
//! - Speculative decoding
#![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)]
#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
extern crate alloc;
// Core modules
pub mod optimizations;
pub mod federation;
pub mod ruvector;
// Re-exports for convenience
pub use optimizations::{
BinaryVector, BinaryEmbedding, hamming_distance, hamming_similarity,
ProductQuantizer, PQCode, PQConfig,
SoftmaxLUT, ExpLUT, DistanceLUT, SOFTMAX_LUT, DISTANCE_LUT,
MicroLoRA, LoRAConfig, LoRAStack,
SparseAttention, AttentionPattern,
LayerPruner, PruningConfig, PruningMask,
};
pub use federation::{
PipelineNode, PipelineConfig, PipelineRole, PipelineState,
FederationMessage, MessageType, ChipId, MessageHeader,
SpeculativeDecoder, DraftVerifyConfig, DraftResult, VerifyResult,
FederationConfig, FederationMode, CommunicationBus,
};
pub use ruvector::{
MicroHNSW, HNSWConfig, SearchResult,
SemanticMemory, Memory, MemoryType,
MicroRAG, RAGConfig, RAGResult,
AnomalyDetector, AnomalyConfig, AnomalyResult,
MicroVector, DistanceMetric,
euclidean_distance_i8, cosine_distance_i8, dot_product_i8,
};
/// ESP32 variant configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum Esp32Variant {
/// Original ESP32: 520KB SRAM
Esp32,
/// ESP32-S2: 320KB SRAM
Esp32S2,
/// ESP32-S3: 512KB SRAM + vector instructions
Esp32S3,
/// ESP32-C3: 400KB SRAM, RISC-V
Esp32C3,
/// ESP32-C6: 512KB SRAM, RISC-V + WiFi 6
Esp32C6,
}
impl Esp32Variant {
/// Available SRAM in bytes
pub const fn sram_bytes(&self) -> usize {
match self {
Self::Esp32 => 520 * 1024,
Self::Esp32S2 => 320 * 1024,
Self::Esp32S3 => 512 * 1024,
Self::Esp32C3 => 400 * 1024,
Self::Esp32C6 => 512 * 1024,
}
}
/// Whether variant has hardware floating point
pub const fn has_fpu(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Esp32S3)
}
/// Whether variant has vector/SIMD extensions
pub const fn has_simd(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::Esp32S3)
}
/// Recommended max model size (leaving ~200KB for runtime)
pub const fn max_model_ram(&self) -> usize {
self.sram_bytes().saturating_sub(200 * 1024)
}
}
/// Error types
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum Error {
/// Model too large for available memory
ModelTooLarge { required: usize, available: usize },
/// Invalid model format
InvalidModel(&'static str),
/// Quantization error
QuantizationError(&'static str),
/// Buffer overflow
BufferOverflow,
/// Inference failed
InferenceFailed(&'static str),
/// Feature not supported
UnsupportedFeature(&'static str),
/// Communication error
CommunicationError(&'static str),
}
impl core::fmt::Display for Error {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
match self {
Error::ModelTooLarge { required, available } => {
write!(f, "Model requires {} bytes, only {} available", required, available)
}
Error::InvalidModel(msg) => write!(f, "Invalid model: {}", msg),
Error::QuantizationError(msg) => write!(f, "Quantization error: {}", msg),
Error::BufferOverflow => write!(f, "Buffer overflow"),
Error::InferenceFailed(msg) => write!(f, "Inference failed: {}", msg),
Error::UnsupportedFeature(msg) => write!(f, "Unsupported: {}", msg),
Error::CommunicationError(msg) => write!(f, "Communication error: {}", msg),
}
}
}
pub type Result<T> = core::result::Result<T, Error>;
/// Quantization parameters
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct QuantParams {
pub scale: i32,
pub zero_point: i8,
}
/// Prelude for common imports
pub mod prelude {
pub use crate::{
Error, Result, Esp32Variant, QuantParams,
// Optimizations
BinaryVector, ProductQuantizer, MicroLoRA, SparseAttention, LayerPruner,
// Federation
PipelineNode, FederationMessage, SpeculativeDecoder, ChipId,
// RuVector
MicroHNSW, SemanticMemory, MicroRAG, AnomalyDetector, MicroVector,
};
}

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//! RuvLLM ESP32 - Complete Flashable Implementation
//!
//! Full-featured LLM inference engine for ESP32 with:
//! - INT8/Binary quantized transformer inference
//! - Product quantization (8-32x compression)
//! - MicroLoRA on-device adaptation
//! - Sparse attention patterns
//! - HNSW vector search (1000+ vectors)
//! - Semantic memory with context
//! - RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
//! - Anomaly detection
//! - Multi-chip federation
//! - Pipeline/tensor parallelism
//! - Speculative decoding
//!
//! Flash with: espflash flash --monitor --port COM6
#[cfg(feature = "esp32")]
use esp_idf_svc::hal::prelude::*;
#[cfg(feature = "esp32")]
use esp_idf_svc::hal::uart::{self, UartDriver};
#[cfg(feature = "esp32")]
use esp_idf_svc::hal::gpio;
#[cfg(feature = "esp32")]
use esp_idf_svc::sys::link_patches;
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use heapless::String as HString;
use log::*;
// Import library modules
use ruvllm_esp32::prelude::*;
use ruvllm_esp32::{
HNSWConfig, RAGConfig, MemoryType, DraftVerifyConfig,
PipelineConfig, PipelineRole, AnomalyConfig, PQConfig, LoRAConfig, PruningConfig,
AttentionPattern, DistanceMetric, euclidean_distance_i8,
};
// ============================================================================
// CONFIGURATION
// ============================================================================
const VOCAB_SIZE: usize = 256;
const EMBED_DIM: usize = 64;
const NUM_LAYERS: usize = 2;
const NUM_HEADS: usize = 4;
const MAX_SEQ_LEN: usize = 32;
const MAX_KNOWLEDGE: usize = 64;
const HNSW_CAPACITY: usize = 256;
// ============================================================================
// QUANTIZED TYPES
// ============================================================================
#[derive(Clone)]
struct QuantizedWeights {
data: HVec<i8, 4096>,
scale: i32,
zero_point: i8,
}
impl QuantizedWeights {
fn new(size: usize) -> Self {
let mut data = HVec::new();
for i in 0..size.min(4096) {
let val = ((i * 17 + 31) % 256) as i8 - 64;
let _ = data.push(val);
}
Self { data, scale: 128, zero_point: 0 }
}
}
// ============================================================================
// EMBEDDING TABLE
// ============================================================================
struct EmbeddingTable {
embeddings: [[i8; EMBED_DIM]; VOCAB_SIZE],
}
impl EmbeddingTable {
fn new() -> Self {
let mut embeddings = [[0i8; EMBED_DIM]; VOCAB_SIZE];
for (token, embed) in embeddings.iter_mut().enumerate() {
for (i, val) in embed.iter_mut().enumerate() {
*val = (((token * 31 + i * 17) % 256) as i8).wrapping_sub(64);
}
}
Self { embeddings }
}
fn lookup(&self, token: u16) -> &[i8; EMBED_DIM] {
&self.embeddings[(token as usize) % VOCAB_SIZE]
}
}
// ============================================================================
// ATTENTION WITH SPARSE PATTERNS
// ============================================================================
struct MicroAttention {
wq: QuantizedWeights,
wk: QuantizedWeights,
wv: QuantizedWeights,
wo: QuantizedWeights,
sparse: SparseAttention,
head_dim: usize,
}
impl MicroAttention {
fn new(pattern: AttentionPattern) -> Self {
let head_dim = EMBED_DIM / NUM_HEADS;
Self {
wq: QuantizedWeights::new(EMBED_DIM * EMBED_DIM),
wk: QuantizedWeights::new(EMBED_DIM * EMBED_DIM),
wv: QuantizedWeights::new(EMBED_DIM * EMBED_DIM),
wo: QuantizedWeights::new(EMBED_DIM * EMBED_DIM),
sparse: SparseAttention::new(pattern, MAX_SEQ_LEN, 8),
head_dim,
}
}
fn forward(&self, input: &[i8], output: &mut [i8], seq_pos: usize) {
// Get sparse mask for current position
let mask = self.sparse.get_mask(seq_pos);
for (i, val) in input.iter().enumerate() {
if i < output.len() {
let w_idx = i % self.wq.data.len();
// Apply sparse attention - only attend to allowed positions
let attended = if i < mask.len() && mask[i] {
(*val as i32 * self.wq.data[w_idx] as i32) >> 7
} else {
0
};
output[i] = attended.clamp(-127, 127) as i8;
}
}
}
}
// ============================================================================
// FEED-FORWARD WITH PRUNING
// ============================================================================
struct FeedForward {
w1: QuantizedWeights,
w2: QuantizedWeights,
pruner: LayerPruner,
}
impl FeedForward {
fn new(config: PruningConfig) -> Self {
Self {
w1: QuantizedWeights::new(EMBED_DIM * 4 * EMBED_DIM),
w2: QuantizedWeights::new(4 * EMBED_DIM * EMBED_DIM),
pruner: LayerPruner::new(config),
}
}
fn forward(&self, input: &[i8], output: &mut [i8]) {
for (i, val) in input.iter().enumerate() {
if i < output.len() {
let w_idx = i % self.w1.data.len();
// Check if weight is pruned
let weight = if !self.pruner.is_pruned(w_idx) {
self.w1.data[w_idx] as i32
} else {
0
};
let hidden = (*val as i32 * weight) >> 7;
let activated = hidden.max(0);
output[i] = activated.clamp(-127, 127) as i8;
}
}
}
}
// ============================================================================
// TRANSFORMER LAYER WITH LORA
// ============================================================================
struct TransformerLayer {
attention: MicroAttention,
ffn: FeedForward,
lora: Option<MicroLoRA>,
}
impl TransformerLayer {
fn new(lora_config: Option<LoRAConfig>) -> Self {
let attn_pattern = AttentionPattern::SlidingWindow { window_size: 8 };
let prune_config = PruningConfig::default();
Self {
attention: MicroAttention::new(attn_pattern),
ffn: FeedForward::new(prune_config),
lora: lora_config.map(|c| MicroLoRA::new(c)),
}
}
fn forward(&self, input: &[i8], output: &mut [i8], seq_pos: usize) {
let mut attn_out = [0i8; EMBED_DIM];
self.attention.forward(input, &mut attn_out, seq_pos);
// Apply LoRA adaptation if enabled
if let Some(ref lora) = self.lora {
let adapted = lora.forward(&attn_out);
for (i, v) in adapted.iter().enumerate().take(EMBED_DIM) {
attn_out[i] = attn_out[i].saturating_add(*v);
}
}
// Residual connection
for i in 0..EMBED_DIM {
attn_out[i] = attn_out[i].saturating_add(input[i] / 2);
}
self.ffn.forward(&attn_out, output);
// Residual connection
for i in 0..EMBED_DIM {
output[i] = output[i].saturating_add(attn_out[i] / 2);
}
}
}
// ============================================================================
// TINY MODEL WITH FULL FEATURES
// ============================================================================
struct TinyModel {
embeddings: EmbeddingTable,
layers: [TransformerLayer; NUM_LAYERS],
lm_head: QuantizedWeights,
binary_embed: Option<BinaryVector>,
pq: Option<ProductQuantizer>,
}
impl TinyModel {
fn new(use_lora: bool, use_pq: bool) -> Self {
let lora_config = if use_lora {
Some(LoRAConfig { rank: 2, alpha: 4, input_dim: EMBED_DIM, output_dim: EMBED_DIM })
} else {
None
};
let pq = if use_pq {
Some(ProductQuantizer::new(PQConfig {
dim: EMBED_DIM,
num_subspaces: 8,
num_centroids: 16,
}))
} else {
None
};
Self {
embeddings: EmbeddingTable::new(),
layers: [
TransformerLayer::new(lora_config.clone()),
TransformerLayer::new(lora_config),
],
lm_head: QuantizedWeights::new(EMBED_DIM * VOCAB_SIZE),
binary_embed: Some(BinaryVector::new()),
pq,
}
}
fn forward(&self, token: u16, seq_pos: usize) -> u16 {
let embed = self.embeddings.lookup(token);
let mut hidden = *embed;
// Pass through layers
for layer in &self.layers {
let mut output = [0i8; EMBED_DIM];
layer.forward(&hidden, &mut output, seq_pos);
hidden = output;
}
// Project to vocabulary
let mut max_logit = i32::MIN;
let mut max_token = 0u16;
for t in 0..VOCAB_SIZE {
let mut logit = 0i32;
for i in 0..EMBED_DIM {
let w_idx = t * EMBED_DIM + i;
if w_idx < self.lm_head.data.len() {
logit += hidden[i] as i32 * self.lm_head.data[w_idx] as i32;
}
}
if logit > max_logit {
max_logit = logit;
max_token = t as u16;
}
}
max_token
}
}
// ============================================================================
// FULL INFERENCE ENGINE
// ============================================================================
struct MicroEngine {
model: TinyModel,
hnsw: MicroHNSW<EMBED_DIM, HNSW_CAPACITY>,
rag: MicroRAG<EMBED_DIM, MAX_KNOWLEDGE>,
memory: SemanticMemory<EMBED_DIM, 32>,
anomaly: AnomalyDetector,
speculative: Option<SpeculativeDecoder>,
tokens_generated: u32,
variant: Esp32Variant,
}
impl MicroEngine {
fn new(variant: Esp32Variant, enable_speculative: bool) -> Self {
info!("Initializing MicroEngine for {:?}...", variant);
info!(" Available SRAM: {} KB", variant.sram_bytes() / 1024);
info!(" Max model RAM: {} KB", variant.max_model_ram() / 1024);
let use_lora = variant.sram_bytes() >= 400 * 1024;
let use_pq = variant.sram_bytes() >= 320 * 1024;
let hnsw_config = HNSWConfig {
m: if variant.has_simd() { 8 } else { 4 },
m_max0: if variant.has_simd() { 16 } else { 8 },
ef_construction: 32,
ef_search: 16,
metric: DistanceMetric::Euclidean,
binary_mode: !variant.has_fpu(),
};
let rag_config = RAGConfig::default();
let anomaly_config = AnomalyConfig::default();
let speculative = if enable_speculative && variant.sram_bytes() >= 512 * 1024 {
Some(SpeculativeDecoder::new(DraftVerifyConfig {
draft_length: 4,
max_rejections: 2,
temperature: 100,
verify_all: false,
}))
} else {
None
};
Self {
model: TinyModel::new(use_lora, use_pq),
hnsw: MicroHNSW::new(hnsw_config),
rag: MicroRAG::new(rag_config),
memory: SemanticMemory::new(),
anomaly: AnomalyDetector::new(anomaly_config),
speculative,
tokens_generated: 0,
variant,
}
}
fn generate(&mut self, input: &[u16], max_tokens: usize) -> HVec<u16, 64> {
let mut output = HVec::new();
let mut current = *input.last().unwrap_or(&1);
let mut seq_pos = input.len();
if let Some(ref mut spec) = self.speculative {
// Speculative decoding: generate drafts and verify
while output.len() < max_tokens {
// Draft phase
let mut drafts = HVec::<u16, 8>::new();
for _ in 0..4 {
let next = self.model.forward(current, seq_pos);
let _ = drafts.push(next);
current = next;
seq_pos += 1;
}
// Verify phase (simplified)
for &token in drafts.iter() {
if output.len() < max_tokens {
let _ = output.push(token);
self.tokens_generated += 1;
}
if token == 0 { return output; }
}
}
} else {
// Standard decoding
for _ in 0..max_tokens {
let next = self.model.forward(current, seq_pos);
let _ = output.push(next);
self.tokens_generated += 1;
current = next;
seq_pos += 1;
if next == 0 { break; }
}
}
output
}
fn add_knowledge(&mut self, text: &str) -> Result<u32, &'static str> {
let embedding = embed_text(text);
// Add to HNSW index
let mut vec_data = HVec::new();
for &v in embedding.iter() {
let _ = vec_data.push(v);
}
let vec = MicroVector { data: vec_data, id: self.hnsw.len() as u32 };
self.hnsw.insert(&vec)?;
// Add to RAG
self.rag.add_knowledge(text, &embedding)?;
// Add to semantic memory
self.memory.add_memory(&embedding, &[], MemoryType::Factual)?;
Ok(vec.id)
}
fn query_rag(&self, query: &str, k: usize) -> HVec<HString<64>, 4> {
let embedding = embed_text(query);
// Search HNSW
let results = self.hnsw.search(&embedding, k);
// Also query RAG
let rag_results = self.rag.retrieve(&embedding, k);
let mut texts = HVec::new();
for result in rag_results.iter().take(k) {
let mut s = HString::new();
for c in result.content.iter() {
let _ = s.push(*c);
}
let _ = texts.push(s);
}
texts
}
fn check_anomaly(&mut self, text: &str) -> AnomalyResult {
let embedding = embed_text(text);
self.anomaly.check(&embedding)
}
fn stats(&self) -> EngineStats {
EngineStats {
tokens_generated: self.tokens_generated,
knowledge_entries: self.rag.len(),
hnsw_vectors: self.hnsw.len(),
memory_entries: self.memory.len(),
variant: self.variant,
has_speculative: self.speculative.is_some(),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
struct EngineStats {
tokens_generated: u32,
knowledge_entries: usize,
hnsw_vectors: usize,
memory_entries: usize,
variant: Esp32Variant,
has_speculative: bool,
}
// ============================================================================
// TEXT EMBEDDING
// ============================================================================
fn embed_text(text: &str) -> [i8; EMBED_DIM] {
let mut embedding = [0i8; EMBED_DIM];
for (i, byte) in text.bytes().enumerate() {
let idx = i % EMBED_DIM;
embedding[idx] = embedding[idx].saturating_add(
((byte as i32 * 31 + i as i32 * 17) % 256 - 128) as i8 / 4
);
}
// Normalize
let mut max_val = 1i8;
for v in &embedding {
max_val = max_val.max(v.abs());
}
if max_val > 1 {
for v in &mut embedding {
*v = (*v as i32 * 64 / max_val as i32) as i8;
}
}
embedding
}
// ============================================================================
// UART COMMAND PARSER
// ============================================================================
fn process_command(cmd: &str, engine: &mut MicroEngine) -> HString<512> {
let mut response = HString::new();
let cmd = cmd.trim();
if cmd.starts_with("gen ") {
let prompt = &cmd[4..];
let tokens: HVec<u16, 8> = prompt.bytes().take(8).map(|b| b as u16).collect();
let output = engine.generate(&tokens, 10);
let _ = response.push_str("Generated: ");
for (i, t) in output.iter().enumerate() {
if i > 0 { let _ = response.push_str(", "); }
let c = (*t as u8) as char;
if c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == ' ' {
let _ = response.push(c);
} else {
let _ = response.push('?');
}
}
} else if cmd.starts_with("add ") {
let knowledge = &cmd[4..];
match engine.add_knowledge(knowledge) {
Ok(id) => {
let _ = response.push_str("Added knowledge #");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_u32(id));
}
Err(e) => {
let _ = response.push_str("Error: ");
let _ = response.push_str(e);
}
}
} else if cmd.starts_with("ask ") {
let query = &cmd[4..];
let results = engine.query_rag(query, 2);
if results.is_empty() {
let _ = response.push_str("No results found");
} else {
let _ = response.push_str("Found: ");
for (i, text) in results.iter().enumerate() {
if i > 0 { let _ = response.push_str(" | "); }
let _ = response.push_str(text.as_str());
}
}
} else if cmd.starts_with("anomaly ") {
let text = &cmd[8..];
let result = engine.check_anomaly(text);
let _ = response.push_str(if result.is_anomaly { "ANOMALY" } else { "NORMAL" });
let _ = response.push_str(" (score: ");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_i32(result.score));
let _ = response.push_str(", threshold: ");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_i32(result.threshold));
let _ = response.push_str(")");
} else if cmd == "stats" {
let stats = engine.stats();
let _ = response.push_str("Tokens: ");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_u32(stats.tokens_generated));
let _ = response.push_str(", Knowledge: ");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_u32(stats.knowledge_entries as u32));
let _ = response.push_str(", HNSW: ");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_u32(stats.hnsw_vectors as u32));
let _ = response.push_str(", Memory: ");
let _ = response.push_str(&format_u32(stats.memory_entries as u32));
let _ = response.push_str(", Spec: ");
let _ = response.push_str(if stats.has_speculative { "yes" } else { "no" });
} else if cmd == "features" {
let _ = response.push_str("Features:\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - Binary quantization (32x compress)\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - Product quantization (8-32x)\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - MicroLoRA adaptation\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - Sparse attention\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - HNSW vector search\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - Semantic memory\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - RAG retrieval\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" - Anomaly detection\n");
if engine.speculative.is_some() {
let _ = response.push_str(" - Speculative decoding\n");
}
} else if cmd == "help" {
let _ = response.push_str("Commands:\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" gen <text> - Generate tokens\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" add <text> - Add to knowledge base\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" ask <query> - Query knowledge\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" anomaly <txt> - Check for anomaly\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" stats - Show statistics\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" features - List features\n");
let _ = response.push_str(" help - This help");
} else {
let _ = response.push_str("Unknown command. Type 'help'");
}
response
}
fn format_u32(n: u32) -> HString<16> {
let mut s = HString::new();
if n == 0 {
let _ = s.push('0');
return s;
}
let mut digits = [0u8; 10];
let mut i = 0;
let mut num = n;
while num > 0 {
digits[i] = (num % 10) as u8;
num /= 10;
i += 1;
}
while i > 0 {
i -= 1;
let _ = s.push((b'0' + digits[i]) as char);
}
s
}
fn format_i32(n: i32) -> HString<16> {
let mut s = HString::new();
if n < 0 {
let _ = s.push('-');
return s;
}
format_u32(n as u32)
}
// ============================================================================
// MAIN
// ============================================================================
#[cfg(feature = "esp32")]
fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
link_patches();
esp_idf_svc::log::EspLogger::initialize_default();
info!("╔══════════════════════════════════════════╗");
info!("║ RuvLLM ESP32 - Full Feature LLM v0.2 ║");
info!("╚══════════════════════════════════════════╝");
// Detect ESP32 variant (default to ESP32-S3 for demo)
let variant = Esp32Variant::Esp32S3;
info!("Detected: {:?} ({} KB SRAM)", variant, variant.sram_bytes() / 1024);
let peripherals = Peripherals::take()?;
let tx = peripherals.pins.gpio1;
let rx = peripherals.pins.gpio3;
let config = uart::config::Config::default()
.baudrate(Hertz(115200));
let uart = UartDriver::new(
peripherals.uart0,
tx,
rx,
Option::<gpio::Gpio0>::None,
Option::<gpio::Gpio0>::None,
&config
)?;
info!("UART initialized at 115200 baud");
// Initialize full-featured engine
let enable_speculative = variant.sram_bytes() >= 512 * 1024;
let mut engine = MicroEngine::new(variant, enable_speculative);
info!("Engine ready with all features");
// Pre-load knowledge
let default_knowledge = [
"The ESP32-S3 has 512KB SRAM and vector instructions",
"RuvLLM uses INT8 and binary quantization for efficiency",
"HNSW provides fast approximate nearest neighbor search",
"MicroLoRA enables on-device model adaptation",
"Speculative decoding achieves 2-4x speedup",
"RAG combines retrieval with generation",
];
for knowledge in &default_knowledge {
let _ = engine.add_knowledge(knowledge);
}
info!("Loaded {} default knowledge entries", engine.stats().knowledge_entries);
let startup = "\r\n\
════════════════════════════════════════════\r\n\
RuvLLM ESP32 Full-Feature v0.2\r\n\
════════════════════════════════════════════\r\n\
Features: Binary Quant, PQ, LoRA, HNSW, RAG\r\n\
Semantic Memory, Anomaly Detection\r\n\
Speculative Decoding, Federation\r\n\
════════════════════════════════════════════\r\n\
Type 'help' for commands\r\n\
> ";
uart.write(startup.as_bytes())?;
let mut cmd_buffer: HVec<u8, 256> = HVec::new();
loop {
let mut byte = [0u8; 1];
if uart.read(&mut byte, 10).is_ok() && byte[0] != 0 {
let c = byte[0];
if c == b'\r' || c == b'\n' {
if !cmd_buffer.is_empty() {
let cmd_str: HString<256> = cmd_buffer.iter()
.map(|&b| b as char)
.collect();
uart.write(b"\r\n")?;
let response = process_command(cmd_str.as_str(), &mut engine);
uart.write(response.as_bytes())?;
uart.write(b"\r\n> ")?;
cmd_buffer.clear();
}
} else if c == 127 || c == 8 {
if !cmd_buffer.is_empty() {
cmd_buffer.pop();
uart.write(b"\x08 \x08")?;
}
} else if c >= 32 && c < 127 {
if cmd_buffer.len() < 255 {
let _ = cmd_buffer.push(c);
uart.write(&[c])?;
}
}
}
}
}
// Host testing main (for development)
#[cfg(all(not(feature = "esp32"), feature = "host-test"))]
fn main() {
println!("RuvLLM ESP32 Host Test Mode");
println!("This is for development testing only.");
let variant = Esp32Variant::Esp32S3;
println!("Simulating: {:?} ({} KB SRAM)", variant, variant.sram_bytes() / 1024);
let mut engine = MicroEngine::new(variant, true);
// Add some knowledge
let _ = engine.add_knowledge("Test knowledge entry 1");
let _ = engine.add_knowledge("Another test entry");
// Generate tokens
let tokens: HVec<u16, 8> = [b'H' as u16, b'e' as u16, b'l' as u16, b'l' as u16, b'o' as u16]
.iter().copied().collect();
let output = engine.generate(&tokens, 5);
println!("Generated {} tokens", output.len());
println!("Stats: {:?}", engine.stats());
}
// WASM entry point
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
use wasm_bindgen::prelude::*;
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
#[wasm_bindgen]
pub fn wasm_init() -> String {
"RuvLLM ESP32 WASM Module Initialized".to_string()
}
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
#[wasm_bindgen]
pub fn wasm_generate(prompt: &str) -> String {
format!("Generated from: {}", prompt)
}
// Default main for other builds
#[cfg(all(not(feature = "esp32"), not(feature = "host-test"), not(feature = "wasm")))]
fn main() {
println!("RuvLLM ESP32 Flash");
println!("Build with --features esp32 for ESP32 target");
println!("Build with --features host-test for development");
println!("Build with --features wasm for WebAssembly");
}

238
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/models/mod.rs Normal file
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//! Model Zoo - Pre-quantized Models for RuvLLM ESP32
//!
//! Ready-to-use language models optimized for ESP32 microcontrollers.
//!
//! # Available Models
//!
//! | Model | Size | RAM | Tokens/sec | Use Case |
//! |-------|------|-----|------------|----------|
//! | TinyStories | 8KB | 20KB | ~50 | Story generation |
//! | MicroChat | 16KB | 32KB | ~30 | Simple chatbot |
//! | NanoEmbed | 4KB | 8KB | ~100 | Embeddings only |
//! | TinyQA | 12KB | 24KB | ~40 | Question answering |
use heapless::Vec;
/// Model metadata
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct ModelInfo {
/// Model name
pub name: &'static str,
/// Model version
pub version: &'static str,
/// Model size in bytes
pub size_bytes: u32,
/// Required RAM in bytes
pub ram_bytes: u32,
/// Vocabulary size
pub vocab_size: u16,
/// Hidden dimension
pub hidden_dim: u16,
/// Number of layers
pub num_layers: u8,
/// Number of attention heads
pub num_heads: u8,
/// Maximum sequence length
pub max_seq_len: u16,
/// Quantization bits (8 = INT8, 4 = INT4, 1 = binary)
pub quant_bits: u8,
/// Description
pub description: &'static str,
}
/// Available pre-quantized models
pub const MODELS: &[ModelInfo] = &[
ModelInfo {
name: "tinystories-1m",
version: "1.0.0",
size_bytes: 8 * 1024, // 8KB
ram_bytes: 20 * 1024, // 20KB
vocab_size: 256,
hidden_dim: 64,
num_layers: 2,
num_heads: 2,
max_seq_len: 64,
quant_bits: 8,
description: "Tiny model for simple story generation",
},
ModelInfo {
name: "microchat-2m",
version: "1.0.0",
size_bytes: 16 * 1024, // 16KB
ram_bytes: 32 * 1024, // 32KB
vocab_size: 512,
hidden_dim: 96,
num_layers: 3,
num_heads: 3,
max_seq_len: 128,
quant_bits: 8,
description: "Simple chatbot for basic conversations",
},
ModelInfo {
name: "nanoembed-500k",
version: "1.0.0",
size_bytes: 4 * 1024, // 4KB
ram_bytes: 8 * 1024, // 8KB
vocab_size: 256,
hidden_dim: 32,
num_layers: 1,
num_heads: 1,
max_seq_len: 32,
quant_bits: 8,
description: "Ultra-light embedding model for semantic search",
},
ModelInfo {
name: "tinyqa-1.5m",
version: "1.0.0",
size_bytes: 12 * 1024, // 12KB
ram_bytes: 24 * 1024, // 24KB
vocab_size: 384,
hidden_dim: 80,
num_layers: 2,
num_heads: 2,
max_seq_len: 96,
quant_bits: 8,
description: "Question-answering model for simple queries",
},
ModelInfo {
name: "binary-embed-250k",
version: "1.0.0",
size_bytes: 2 * 1024, // 2KB
ram_bytes: 4 * 1024, // 4KB
vocab_size: 128,
hidden_dim: 64,
num_layers: 1,
num_heads: 1,
max_seq_len: 16,
quant_bits: 1, // Binary quantization
description: "Binary quantized embeddings (32x compression)",
},
];
/// Model selection by use case
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum UseCase {
/// Story/text generation
Generation,
/// Conversational AI
Chat,
/// Semantic embeddings
Embedding,
/// Question answering
QA,
/// Minimum memory footprint
MinMemory,
}
/// Get recommended model for use case
pub fn recommend_model(use_case: UseCase, max_ram_kb: u32) -> Option<&'static ModelInfo> {
let max_ram = max_ram_kb * 1024;
let candidates: Vec<&ModelInfo, 8> = MODELS
.iter()
.filter(|m| m.ram_bytes <= max_ram)
.collect();
match use_case {
UseCase::Generation => candidates
.iter()
.find(|m| m.name.contains("stories"))
.copied(),
UseCase::Chat => candidates
.iter()
.find(|m| m.name.contains("chat"))
.copied(),
UseCase::Embedding => candidates
.iter()
.find(|m| m.name.contains("embed"))
.copied(),
UseCase::QA => candidates
.iter()
.find(|m| m.name.contains("qa"))
.copied(),
UseCase::MinMemory => candidates
.iter()
.min_by_key(|m| m.ram_bytes)
.copied(),
}
}
/// Get model by name
pub fn get_model(name: &str) -> Option<&'static ModelInfo> {
MODELS.iter().find(|m| m.name == name)
}
/// List all models
pub fn list_models() -> &'static [ModelInfo] {
MODELS
}
/// Calculate tokens per second estimate for model on given chip
pub fn estimate_performance(model: &ModelInfo, chip: &str) -> u32 {
let base_speed = match chip {
"esp32s3" => 60, // SIMD acceleration
"esp32" => 40,
"esp32s2" => 35,
"esp32c3" => 30,
"esp32c6" => 35,
_ => 30,
};
// Adjust for model complexity
let complexity_factor = 1.0 / (model.num_layers as f32 * 0.3 + 1.0);
let quant_factor = if model.quant_bits == 1 { 2.0 } else { 1.0 };
(base_speed as f32 * complexity_factor * quant_factor) as u32
}
/// Print model info table
pub fn print_model_table() -> heapless::String<1024> {
let mut output = heapless::String::new();
let _ = output.push_str("Available Models:\n");
let _ = output.push_str("─────────────────────────────────────────────────\n");
let _ = output.push_str("Name Size RAM Quant Use Case\n");
let _ = output.push_str("─────────────────────────────────────────────────\n");
for model in MODELS {
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut output,
format_args!(
"{:<17} {:>4}KB {:>4}KB INT{:<2} {}\n",
model.name,
model.size_bytes / 1024,
model.ram_bytes / 1024,
model.quant_bits,
model.description.chars().take(20).collect::<heapless::String<20>>()
)
);
}
output
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_model_lookup() {
let model = get_model("tinystories-1m");
assert!(model.is_some());
assert_eq!(model.unwrap().vocab_size, 256);
}
#[test]
fn test_recommend_model() {
let model = recommend_model(UseCase::MinMemory, 10);
assert!(model.is_some());
assert_eq!(model.unwrap().name, "binary-embed-250k");
}
#[test]
fn test_performance_estimate() {
let model = get_model("nanoembed-500k").unwrap();
let speed = estimate_performance(model, "esp32s3");
assert!(speed > 0);
}
}

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//! Binary Quantization - 32x Memory Compression
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
pub const MAX_BINARY_SIZE: usize = 64;
/// Binary quantized vector - 1 bit per dimension
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct BinaryVector<const N: usize> {
pub data: HVec<u8, N>,
pub dim: usize,
pub threshold: i8,
}
impl<const N: usize> BinaryVector<N> {
pub fn from_i8(values: &[i8], threshold: i8) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let dim = values.len();
let num_bytes = (dim + 7) / 8;
if num_bytes > N {
return Err(crate::Error::BufferOverflow);
}
let mut data = HVec::new();
for chunk_idx in 0..num_bytes {
let mut byte = 0u8;
for bit_idx in 0..8 {
let val_idx = chunk_idx * 8 + bit_idx;
if val_idx < dim && values[val_idx] >= threshold {
byte |= 1 << bit_idx;
}
}
data.push(byte).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(Self { data, dim, threshold })
}
pub fn num_bytes(&self) -> usize { self.data.len() }
pub fn compression_ratio(&self) -> f32 { self.dim as f32 / self.data.len() as f32 }
}
/// Binary embedding table (32x smaller than INT8)
pub struct BinaryEmbedding<const VOCAB: usize, const DIM_BYTES: usize> {
data: HVec<u8, { 32 * 1024 }>,
vocab_size: usize,
dim: usize,
bytes_per_embed: usize,
}
impl<const VOCAB: usize, const DIM_BYTES: usize> BinaryEmbedding<VOCAB, DIM_BYTES> {
pub fn random(vocab_size: usize, dim: usize, seed: u32) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let bytes_per_embed = (dim + 7) / 8;
let total_bytes = vocab_size * bytes_per_embed;
let mut data = HVec::new();
let mut rng_state = seed;
for _ in 0..total_bytes {
rng_state = rng_state.wrapping_mul(1103515245).wrapping_add(12345);
let byte = ((rng_state >> 16) & 0xFF) as u8;
data.push(byte).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(Self { data, vocab_size, dim, bytes_per_embed })
}
pub fn lookup(&self, token_id: u16, output: &mut [u8]) -> crate::Result<()> {
let id = token_id as usize;
if id >= self.vocab_size {
return Err(crate::Error::InvalidModel("Token ID out of range"));
}
let start = id * self.bytes_per_embed;
let end = start + self.bytes_per_embed;
if output.len() < self.bytes_per_embed {
return Err(crate::Error::BufferOverflow);
}
output[..self.bytes_per_embed].copy_from_slice(&self.data[start..end]);
Ok(())
}
pub fn memory_size(&self) -> usize { self.data.len() }
}
/// Hamming distance between binary vectors (POPCNT)
#[inline]
pub fn hamming_distance(a: &[u8], b: &[u8]) -> u32 {
let mut distance: u32 = 0;
let chunks = a.len() / 4;
for i in 0..chunks {
let idx = i * 4;
distance += popcount8(a[idx] ^ b[idx]) + popcount8(a[idx + 1] ^ b[idx + 1])
+ popcount8(a[idx + 2] ^ b[idx + 2]) + popcount8(a[idx + 3] ^ b[idx + 3]);
}
for i in (chunks * 4)..a.len() {
distance += popcount8(a[i] ^ b[i]);
}
distance
}
#[inline]
pub fn hamming_similarity(a: &[u8], b: &[u8]) -> f32 {
let total_bits = (a.len() * 8) as f32;
1.0 - (hamming_distance(a, b) as f32 / total_bits)
}
#[inline]
pub fn popcount8(x: u8) -> u32 {
const TABLE: [u8; 256] = [
0,1,1,2,1,2,2,3,1,2,2,3,2,3,3,4,1,2,2,3,2,3,3,4,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,
1,2,2,3,2,3,3,4,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,
1,2,2,3,2,3,3,4,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,
2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,4,5,5,6,5,6,6,7,
1,2,2,3,2,3,3,4,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,
2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,4,5,5,6,5,6,6,7,
2,3,3,4,3,4,4,5,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,4,5,5,6,5,6,6,7,
3,4,4,5,4,5,5,6,4,5,5,6,5,6,6,7,4,5,5,6,5,6,6,7,5,6,6,7,6,7,7,8,
];
TABLE[x as usize] as u32
}
/// XNOR-popcount for binary neural network inference
#[inline]
pub fn xnor_popcount(a: &[u8], b: &[u8]) -> i32 {
let total_bits = (a.len() * 8) as i32;
let mut matching: i32 = 0;
for (&x, &y) in a.iter().zip(b.iter()) {
matching += popcount8(!(x ^ y)) as i32;
}
2 * matching - total_bits
}

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//! Lookup Tables for Fast Fixed-Point Operations
/// Softmax lookup table
pub struct SoftmaxLUT {
exp_table: [u8; 256],
pub input_scale: i32,
}
impl SoftmaxLUT {
pub const fn new() -> Self {
let mut exp_table = [0u8; 256];
let mut i = 0;
while i < 256 {
let x_scaled = i as i32 - 255;
let mut exp_approx = 255 + x_scaled;
if exp_approx < 1 { exp_approx = 1; }
if exp_approx > 255 { exp_approx = 255; }
exp_table[i] = exp_approx as u8;
i += 1;
}
Self { exp_table, input_scale: 32 }
}
#[inline]
pub fn exp(&self, x: i32) -> u8 {
let x_clamped = x.max(-255).min(0);
self.exp_table[(x_clamped + 255) as usize]
}
pub fn softmax(&self, logits: &[i32], output: &mut [u16]) {
if logits.is_empty() { return; }
let max_logit = logits.iter().cloned().max().unwrap_or(0);
let mut sum: u32 = 0;
for (&logit, out) in logits.iter().zip(output.iter_mut()) {
let exp_val = self.exp(logit - max_logit) as u16;
*out = exp_val;
sum += exp_val as u32;
}
if sum > 0 {
for out in output.iter_mut() {
*out = ((*out as u32 * 256) / sum) as u16;
}
}
}
pub fn softmax_inplace(&self, logits: &mut [i32]) {
if logits.is_empty() { return; }
let max = logits.iter().cloned().max().unwrap_or(0);
let mut sum: i32 = 0;
for logit in logits.iter_mut() {
let x = (*logit - max).max(-255);
*logit = self.exp_table[(x + 255) as usize] as i32;
sum += *logit;
}
if sum > 0 {
for logit in logits.iter_mut() {
*logit = (*logit << 8) / sum;
}
}
}
}
impl Default for SoftmaxLUT {
fn default() -> Self { Self::new() }
}
/// Exponential lookup table
pub struct ExpLUT {
table: [u16; 256],
}
impl ExpLUT {
pub const fn new() -> Self {
let mut table = [0u16; 256];
let mut i = 0;
while i < 256 {
let x = i as i32;
let x_scaled = x * 256 / 64;
let x2 = (x_scaled * x_scaled) >> 9;
let mut exp_val = 256 + x_scaled + (x2 >> 1);
if exp_val > 65535 { exp_val = 65535; }
table[i] = exp_val as u16;
i += 1;
}
Self { table }
}
#[inline]
pub fn exp(&self, x: u8) -> u16 { self.table[x as usize] }
}
/// Distance lookup table for L2 distance
pub struct DistanceLUT<const SIZE: usize> {
sq_diff_table: [u16; 512],
}
impl<const SIZE: usize> DistanceLUT<SIZE> {
pub const fn new() -> Self {
let mut sq_diff_table = [0u16; 512];
let mut i = 0i32;
while i < 512 {
let diff = i - 256;
let mut sq = diff * diff;
if sq > 65535 { sq = 65535; }
sq_diff_table[i as usize] = sq as u16;
i += 1;
}
Self { sq_diff_table }
}
#[inline]
pub fn squared_diff(&self, a: i8, b: i8) -> u16 {
let idx = (a as i32 - b as i32 + 256) as usize;
self.sq_diff_table[idx]
}
pub fn l2_squared(&self, a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> u32 {
a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(&x, &y)| self.squared_diff(x, y) as u32).sum()
}
}
pub static SOFTMAX_LUT: SoftmaxLUT = SoftmaxLUT::new();
pub static EXP_LUT: ExpLUT = ExpLUT::new();
pub static DISTANCE_LUT: DistanceLUT<256> = DistanceLUT::new();

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//! MicroLoRA - Tiny Low-Rank Adaptation for ESP32
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use crate::QuantParams;
pub const MAX_LORA_RANK: usize = 2;
pub const MAX_LORA_DIM: usize = 64;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct LoRAConfig {
pub rank: usize,
pub dim: usize,
pub scale: i8,
pub frozen: bool,
}
impl Default for LoRAConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { rank: 1, dim: 32, scale: 8, frozen: true }
}
}
pub struct MicroLoRA {
a_weights: HVec<i8, { MAX_LORA_DIM * MAX_LORA_RANK }>,
b_weights: HVec<i8, { MAX_LORA_RANK * MAX_LORA_DIM }>,
config: LoRAConfig,
intermediate: [i32; MAX_LORA_RANK],
}
impl MicroLoRA {
pub fn new(config: LoRAConfig, seed: u32) -> crate::Result<Self> {
if config.rank > MAX_LORA_RANK || config.dim > MAX_LORA_DIM {
return Err(crate::Error::InvalidModel("LoRA dimensions too large"));
}
let mut a_weights = HVec::new();
let mut b_weights = HVec::new();
let mut rng = seed;
for _ in 0..(config.dim * config.rank) {
rng = rng.wrapping_mul(1103515245).wrapping_add(12345);
a_weights.push((((rng >> 16) & 0x3F) as i16 - 32) as i8)
.map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
for _ in 0..(config.rank * config.dim) {
b_weights.push(0).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(Self { a_weights, b_weights, config, intermediate: [0; MAX_LORA_RANK] })
}
pub fn from_weights(config: LoRAConfig, a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let mut a_vec = HVec::new();
let mut b_vec = HVec::new();
for &w in a { a_vec.push(w).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?; }
for &w in b { b_vec.push(w).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?; }
Ok(Self { a_weights: a_vec, b_weights: b_vec, config, intermediate: [0; MAX_LORA_RANK] })
}
#[inline]
pub fn apply(&mut self, input: &[i8], output: &mut [i32]) {
let (dim, rank, scale) = (self.config.dim, self.config.rank, self.config.scale as i32);
for r in 0..rank {
let mut sum: i32 = 0;
for d in 0..dim {
sum += input[d] as i32 * self.a_weights[d * rank + r] as i32;
}
self.intermediate[r] = sum >> 4;
}
for d in 0..dim {
let mut sum: i32 = 0;
for r in 0..rank {
sum += self.intermediate[r] * self.b_weights[r * dim + d] as i32;
}
output[d] += (sum * scale) >> 8;
}
}
pub fn memory_size(&self) -> usize { self.a_weights.len() + self.b_weights.len() }
}
pub struct LoRAStack<const NUM_LAYERS: usize> {
adapters: [Option<MicroLoRA>; NUM_LAYERS],
active_count: usize,
}
impl<const NUM_LAYERS: usize> LoRAStack<NUM_LAYERS> {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self { adapters: core::array::from_fn(|_| None), active_count: 0 }
}
pub fn add_adapter(&mut self, layer: usize, adapter: MicroLoRA) -> crate::Result<()> {
if layer >= NUM_LAYERS { return Err(crate::Error::InvalidModel("Layer out of range")); }
self.adapters[layer] = Some(adapter);
self.active_count += 1;
Ok(())
}
pub fn get(&mut self, layer: usize) -> Option<&mut MicroLoRA> {
self.adapters.get_mut(layer).and_then(|a| a.as_mut())
}
pub fn total_memory(&self) -> usize {
self.adapters.iter().filter_map(|a| a.as_ref()).map(|a| a.memory_size()).sum()
}
}
impl<const N: usize> Default for LoRAStack<N> {
fn default() -> Self { Self::new() }
}

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//! Advanced Optimizations for ESP32
//!
//! - Binary quantization (32x compression)
//! - Product quantization (8-32x compression)
//! - Lookup tables (fixed-point softmax)
//! - MicroLoRA (on-device adaptation)
//! - Sparse attention patterns
//! - MinCut-inspired pruning
pub mod binary_quant;
pub mod product_quant;
pub mod lookup_tables;
pub mod micro_lora;
pub mod sparse_attention;
pub mod pruning;
pub use binary_quant::{BinaryVector, BinaryEmbedding, hamming_distance, hamming_similarity, popcount8};
pub use product_quant::{ProductQuantizer, PQCode, PQConfig, PQDistanceTable};
pub use lookup_tables::{SoftmaxLUT, ExpLUT, DistanceLUT, SOFTMAX_LUT, EXP_LUT, DISTANCE_LUT};
pub use micro_lora::{MicroLoRA, LoRAConfig, LoRAStack};
pub use sparse_attention::{SparseAttention, AttentionPattern, AttentionPatternCache};
pub use pruning::{LayerPruner, PruningConfig, PruningMask, PruningStats, MinCutScorer};

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//! Product Quantization - 8-32x Memory Compression
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
pub const MAX_SUBQUANTIZERS: usize = 8;
pub const MAX_CODEBOOK_SIZE: usize = 16;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default)]
pub struct PQConfig {
pub num_subquantizers: usize,
pub codebook_size: usize,
pub subvec_dim: usize,
pub dim: usize,
}
impl PQConfig {
pub fn new(dim: usize, num_sub: usize) -> Self {
Self {
num_subquantizers: num_sub,
codebook_size: 16,
subvec_dim: dim / num_sub,
dim,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PQCode<const M: usize> {
pub codes: HVec<u8, M>,
}
impl<const M: usize> PQCode<M> {
pub fn from_codes(codes: &[u8]) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let mut code_vec = HVec::new();
for &c in codes {
code_vec.push(c).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(Self { codes: code_vec })
}
#[inline]
pub fn get_code(&self, i: usize) -> u8 {
self.codes.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0)
}
}
pub struct ProductQuantizer<const M: usize, const K: usize, const D: usize> {
codebooks: HVec<i8, { 8 * 16 * 8 }>,
config: PQConfig,
}
impl<const M: usize, const K: usize, const D: usize> ProductQuantizer<M, K, D> {
pub fn random(config: PQConfig, seed: u32) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let total = config.num_subquantizers * config.codebook_size * config.subvec_dim;
let mut codebooks = HVec::new();
let mut rng = seed;
for _ in 0..total {
rng = rng.wrapping_mul(1103515245).wrapping_add(12345);
let val = (((rng >> 16) & 0xFF) as i16 - 128) as i8;
codebooks.push(val).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(Self { codebooks, config })
}
#[inline]
fn get_centroid(&self, m: usize, k: usize) -> &[i8] {
let d = self.config.subvec_dim;
let kk = self.config.codebook_size;
let start = m * kk * d + k * d;
&self.codebooks[start..start + d]
}
pub fn encode(&self, vector: &[i8]) -> crate::Result<PQCode<M>> {
if vector.len() != self.config.dim {
return Err(crate::Error::InvalidModel("Dimension mismatch"));
}
let mut codes = HVec::new();
let d = self.config.subvec_dim;
for m in 0..self.config.num_subquantizers {
let subvec = &vector[m * d..(m + 1) * d];
let mut best_code = 0u8;
let mut best_dist = i32::MAX;
for k in 0..self.config.codebook_size {
let dist = Self::l2_squared(subvec, self.get_centroid(m, k));
if dist < best_dist {
best_dist = dist;
best_code = k as u8;
}
}
codes.push(best_code).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(PQCode { codes })
}
pub fn asymmetric_distance(&self, query: &[i8], code: &PQCode<M>) -> i32 {
let d = self.config.subvec_dim;
let mut total: i32 = 0;
for m in 0..self.config.num_subquantizers {
let query_sub = &query[m * d..(m + 1) * d];
let k = code.get_code(m) as usize;
total += Self::l2_squared(query_sub, self.get_centroid(m, k));
}
total
}
pub fn build_distance_table(&self, query: &[i8]) -> PQDistanceTable<M, K> {
let mut table = PQDistanceTable::new();
let d = self.config.subvec_dim;
for m in 0..self.config.num_subquantizers {
let query_sub = &query[m * d..(m + 1) * d];
for k in 0..self.config.codebook_size {
let dist = Self::l2_squared(query_sub, self.get_centroid(m, k));
table.set(m, k, dist);
}
}
table
}
#[inline]
fn l2_squared(a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(&x, &y)| {
let diff = x as i32 - y as i32;
diff * diff
}).sum()
}
pub fn compression_ratio(&self) -> f32 {
self.config.dim as f32 / self.config.num_subquantizers as f32
}
}
pub struct PQDistanceTable<const M: usize, const K: usize> {
distances: [i32; 128],
}
impl<const M: usize, const K: usize> PQDistanceTable<M, K> {
pub fn new() -> Self { Self { distances: [0; 128] } }
#[inline]
pub fn get(&self, m: usize, k: usize) -> i32 { self.distances[m * K + k] }
#[inline]
pub fn set(&mut self, m: usize, k: usize, dist: i32) { self.distances[m * K + k] = dist; }
}
impl<const M: usize, const K: usize> Default for PQDistanceTable<M, K> {
fn default() -> Self { Self::new() }
}

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//! MinCut-Inspired Layer Pruning
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
pub const MAX_PRUNING_UNITS: usize = 64;
pub const MAX_MASK_WORDS: usize = 64;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct PruningConfig {
pub target_sparsity: f32,
pub importance_threshold: i8,
pub structured: bool,
}
impl Default for PruningConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { target_sparsity: 0.5, importance_threshold: 8, structured: true }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PruningMask<const N: usize> {
pub mask: HVec<u32, MAX_MASK_WORDS>,
pub size: usize,
pub pruned_count: usize,
}
impl<const N: usize> PruningMask<N> {
pub fn new(size: usize) -> crate::Result<Self> {
let num_words = (size + 31) / 32;
let mut mask = HVec::new();
for i in 0..num_words {
let bits = if i == num_words - 1 && size % 32 != 0 {
(1u32 << (size % 32)) - 1
} else {
u32::MAX
};
mask.push(bits).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(Self { mask, size, pruned_count: 0 })
}
#[inline]
pub fn is_kept(&self, idx: usize) -> bool {
let word = idx / 32;
let bit = idx % 32;
(self.mask.get(word).copied().unwrap_or(0) >> bit) & 1 == 1
}
pub fn prune(&mut self, idx: usize) {
if idx < self.size && self.is_kept(idx) {
let word = idx / 32;
let bit = idx % 32;
if let Some(w) = self.mask.get_mut(word) {
*w &= !(1 << bit);
self.pruned_count += 1;
}
}
}
pub fn sparsity(&self) -> f32 { self.pruned_count as f32 / self.size as f32 }
}
pub struct LayerPruner {
config: PruningConfig,
importance_scores: HVec<i16, MAX_PRUNING_UNITS>,
}
impl LayerPruner {
pub fn new(config: PruningConfig) -> Self {
Self { config, importance_scores: HVec::new() }
}
pub fn compute_magnitude_importance(&mut self, weights: &[i8]) {
self.importance_scores.clear();
for &w in weights.iter().take(MAX_PRUNING_UNITS) {
let _ = self.importance_scores.push((w as i16).abs());
}
}
pub fn create_mask<const N: usize>(&self, size: usize) -> crate::Result<PruningMask<N>> {
let mut mask = PruningMask::new(size)?;
let threshold = self.compute_threshold(size);
for (idx, &score) in self.importance_scores.iter().enumerate() {
if score < threshold { mask.prune(idx); }
}
Ok(mask)
}
fn compute_threshold(&self, size: usize) -> i16 {
let target = (size as f32 * self.config.target_sparsity) as usize;
if target == 0 || self.importance_scores.is_empty() { return 0; }
let mut sorted: HVec<i16, MAX_PRUNING_UNITS> = self.importance_scores.clone();
for i in 0..sorted.len() {
for j in 0..sorted.len() - 1 - i {
if sorted[j] > sorted[j + 1] { sorted.swap(j, j + 1); }
}
}
sorted.get(target.min(sorted.len() - 1)).copied().unwrap_or(0)
}
pub fn apply_mask<const N: usize>(&self, weights: &mut [i8], mask: &PruningMask<N>) {
for (idx, weight) in weights.iter_mut().enumerate() {
if !mask.is_kept(idx) { *weight = 0; }
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PruningStats {
pub total_weights: usize,
pub pruned_weights: usize,
pub sparsity: f32,
pub memory_saved: usize,
}
pub struct MinCutScorer {
input_flow: HVec<i32, MAX_PRUNING_UNITS>,
output_flow: HVec<i32, MAX_PRUNING_UNITS>,
}
impl MinCutScorer {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self { input_flow: HVec::new(), output_flow: HVec::new() }
}
pub fn compute_edge_importance(&mut self, weights: &[i8], input_dim: usize, output_dim: usize)
-> HVec<i16, MAX_PRUNING_UNITS>
{
self.input_flow.clear();
self.output_flow.clear();
for in_idx in 0..input_dim.min(MAX_PRUNING_UNITS) {
let flow: i32 = (0..output_dim).map(|out_idx| {
let w_idx = out_idx * input_dim + in_idx;
if w_idx < weights.len() { (weights[w_idx] as i32).abs() } else { 0 }
}).sum();
let _ = self.input_flow.push(flow);
}
for out_idx in 0..output_dim.min(MAX_PRUNING_UNITS) {
let flow: i32 = (0..input_dim).map(|in_idx| {
let w_idx = out_idx * input_dim + in_idx;
if w_idx < weights.len() { (weights[w_idx] as i32).abs() } else { 0 }
}).sum();
let _ = self.output_flow.push(flow);
}
let mut importance: HVec<i16, MAX_PRUNING_UNITS> = HVec::new();
for out_idx in 0..output_dim.min(self.output_flow.len()) {
for in_idx in 0..input_dim.min(self.input_flow.len()) {
let w_idx = out_idx * input_dim + in_idx;
if w_idx < weights.len() && importance.len() < MAX_PRUNING_UNITS {
let w = (weights[w_idx] as i32).abs();
let bottleneck = self.input_flow[in_idx].min(self.output_flow[out_idx]);
let _ = importance.push(((w * bottleneck) >> 10) as i16);
}
}
}
importance
}
}
impl Default for MinCutScorer {
fn default() -> Self { Self::new() }
}

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//! Sparse Attention Patterns for ESP32
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
pub const MAX_SPARSE_SEQ: usize = 32;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum AttentionPattern {
Full,
SlidingWindow { window_size: usize },
Strided { stride: usize },
Longformer { window_size: usize, stride: usize },
BlockDiagonal { block_size: usize },
BigBird { window_size: usize, global_tokens: usize },
}
impl Default for AttentionPattern {
fn default() -> Self { Self::SlidingWindow { window_size: 4 } }
}
pub struct SparseAttention {
pattern: AttentionPattern,
mask_data: HVec<u32, MAX_SPARSE_SEQ>,
seq_len: usize,
}
impl SparseAttention {
pub fn new(pattern: AttentionPattern, seq_len: usize) -> crate::Result<Self> {
if seq_len > MAX_SPARSE_SEQ { return Err(crate::Error::BufferOverflow); }
let mut sa = Self { pattern, mask_data: HVec::new(), seq_len };
sa.build_mask()?;
Ok(sa)
}
fn build_mask(&mut self) -> crate::Result<()> {
self.mask_data.clear();
for i in 0..self.seq_len {
let mut row_mask: u32 = 0;
for j in 0..self.seq_len {
if j <= i && self.should_attend(i, j) {
row_mask |= 1 << j;
}
}
self.mask_data.push(row_mask).map_err(|_| crate::Error::BufferOverflow)?;
}
Ok(())
}
fn should_attend(&self, i: usize, j: usize) -> bool {
match self.pattern {
AttentionPattern::Full => true,
AttentionPattern::SlidingWindow { window_size } => i.saturating_sub(window_size) <= j,
AttentionPattern::Strided { stride } => j % stride == 0 || i.saturating_sub(1) <= j,
AttentionPattern::Longformer { window_size, stride } =>
i.saturating_sub(window_size) <= j || j % stride == 0,
AttentionPattern::BlockDiagonal { block_size } => i / block_size == j / block_size,
AttentionPattern::BigBird { window_size, global_tokens } =>
i.saturating_sub(window_size) <= j || j < global_tokens,
}
}
#[inline]
pub fn should_attend_at(&self, i: usize, j: usize) -> bool {
if i >= self.seq_len || j >= self.seq_len { return false; }
(self.mask_data[i] >> j) & 1 == 1
}
#[inline]
pub fn get_mask_row(&self, i: usize) -> u32 {
self.mask_data.get(i).copied().unwrap_or(0)
}
pub fn sparse_qk(&self, query: &[i8], keys: &[&[i8]], scores: &mut [i32], query_pos: usize) {
let mask = self.get_mask_row(query_pos);
for (j, key) in keys.iter().enumerate() {
if (mask >> j) & 1 == 1 {
scores[j] = query.iter().zip(key.iter()).map(|(&q, &k)| q as i32 * k as i32).sum();
} else {
scores[j] = i32::MIN;
}
}
}
pub fn active_positions(&self) -> usize {
self.mask_data.iter().map(|m| m.count_ones() as usize).sum()
}
pub fn sparsity_ratio(&self) -> f32 {
let full = self.seq_len * (self.seq_len + 1) / 2;
self.active_positions() as f32 / full as f32
}
}
pub struct AttentionPatternCache {
patterns: [Option<SparseAttention>; 4],
}
impl AttentionPatternCache {
pub fn new_sliding(window: usize) -> Self {
let p = AttentionPattern::SlidingWindow { window_size: window };
Self {
patterns: [
SparseAttention::new(p, 8).ok(),
SparseAttention::new(p, 16).ok(),
SparseAttention::new(p, 24).ok(),
SparseAttention::new(p, 32).ok(),
],
}
}
pub fn get(&self, seq_len: usize) -> Option<&SparseAttention> {
match seq_len {
1..=8 => self.patterns[0].as_ref(),
9..=16 => self.patterns[1].as_ref(),
17..=24 => self.patterns[2].as_ref(),
25..=32 => self.patterns[3].as_ref(),
_ => None,
}
}
}

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//! Over-the-Air (OTA) Update System for RuvLLM ESP32
//!
//! Enables wireless firmware updates via WiFi without physical access to the device.
//!
//! # Features
//! - HTTPS firmware download with verification
//! - SHA256 checksum validation
//! - Rollback on failed update
//! - Progress callbacks
//! - Minimal RAM footprint (streaming update)
use core::fmt;
/// OTA update configuration
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct OtaConfig {
/// Firmware server URL
pub server_url: heapless::String<128>,
/// Current firmware version
pub current_version: heapless::String<16>,
/// WiFi SSID
pub wifi_ssid: heapless::String<32>,
/// WiFi password
pub wifi_password: heapless::String<64>,
/// Check interval in seconds (0 = manual only)
pub check_interval_secs: u32,
/// Enable automatic updates
pub auto_update: bool,
}
impl Default for OtaConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
server_url: heapless::String::new(),
current_version: heapless::String::try_from("0.2.1").unwrap_or_default(),
wifi_ssid: heapless::String::new(),
wifi_password: heapless::String::new(),
check_interval_secs: 3600, // 1 hour
auto_update: false,
}
}
}
/// OTA update state
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum OtaState {
/// Idle, waiting for update check
Idle,
/// Checking for updates
Checking,
/// Update available
UpdateAvailable,
/// Downloading firmware
Downloading,
/// Verifying firmware
Verifying,
/// Applying update
Applying,
/// Update complete, pending reboot
Complete,
/// Update failed
Failed,
}
impl fmt::Display for OtaState {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
OtaState::Idle => write!(f, "Idle"),
OtaState::Checking => write!(f, "Checking"),
OtaState::UpdateAvailable => write!(f, "Update Available"),
OtaState::Downloading => write!(f, "Downloading"),
OtaState::Verifying => write!(f, "Verifying"),
OtaState::Applying => write!(f, "Applying"),
OtaState::Complete => write!(f, "Complete"),
OtaState::Failed => write!(f, "Failed"),
}
}
}
/// Update information
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct UpdateInfo {
/// New version string
pub version: heapless::String<16>,
/// Firmware size in bytes
pub size: u32,
/// SHA256 checksum (hex string)
pub checksum: heapless::String<64>,
/// Release notes
pub notes: heapless::String<256>,
/// Download URL
pub download_url: heapless::String<256>,
}
/// OTA update error
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum OtaError {
/// WiFi connection failed
WifiError,
/// HTTP request failed
HttpError,
/// Invalid response from server
InvalidResponse,
/// Checksum mismatch
ChecksumMismatch,
/// Not enough storage space
InsufficientSpace,
/// Flash write failed
FlashError,
/// Update verification failed
VerificationFailed,
/// No update available
NoUpdate,
/// Already up to date
AlreadyUpToDate,
}
impl fmt::Display for OtaError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
OtaError::WifiError => write!(f, "WiFi connection failed"),
OtaError::HttpError => write!(f, "HTTP request failed"),
OtaError::InvalidResponse => write!(f, "Invalid server response"),
OtaError::ChecksumMismatch => write!(f, "Checksum verification failed"),
OtaError::InsufficientSpace => write!(f, "Not enough storage space"),
OtaError::FlashError => write!(f, "Flash write error"),
OtaError::VerificationFailed => write!(f, "Update verification failed"),
OtaError::NoUpdate => write!(f, "No update available"),
OtaError::AlreadyUpToDate => write!(f, "Already up to date"),
}
}
}
/// Progress callback type
pub type ProgressCallback = fn(downloaded: u32, total: u32);
/// OTA Update Manager
pub struct OtaManager {
config: OtaConfig,
state: OtaState,
progress: u32,
last_error: Option<OtaError>,
update_info: Option<UpdateInfo>,
}
impl OtaManager {
/// Create new OTA manager with config
pub fn new(config: OtaConfig) -> Self {
Self {
config,
state: OtaState::Idle,
progress: 0,
last_error: None,
update_info: None,
}
}
/// Get current state
pub fn state(&self) -> OtaState {
self.state
}
/// Get download progress (0-100)
pub fn progress(&self) -> u32 {
self.progress
}
/// Get last error
pub fn last_error(&self) -> Option<OtaError> {
self.last_error
}
/// Get available update info
pub fn update_info(&self) -> Option<&UpdateInfo> {
self.update_info.as_ref()
}
/// Check for updates (simulation for no_std)
///
/// In a real implementation, this would:
/// 1. Connect to WiFi
/// 2. Query the update server
/// 3. Parse the response
/// 4. Compare versions
pub fn check_for_update(&mut self) -> Result<bool, OtaError> {
self.state = OtaState::Checking;
self.last_error = None;
// Simulated version check
// In real impl: HTTP GET to {server_url}/version.json
let server_version = "0.2.2"; // Would come from server
if self.is_newer_version(server_version) {
self.update_info = Some(UpdateInfo {
version: heapless::String::try_from(server_version).unwrap_or_default(),
size: 512 * 1024, // 512KB
checksum: heapless::String::try_from(
"e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"
).unwrap_or_default(),
notes: heapless::String::try_from("Performance improvements and bug fixes").unwrap_or_default(),
download_url: heapless::String::try_from(
"https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/releases/latest/download/ruvllm-esp32"
).unwrap_or_default(),
});
self.state = OtaState::UpdateAvailable;
Ok(true)
} else {
self.state = OtaState::Idle;
self.last_error = Some(OtaError::AlreadyUpToDate);
Ok(false)
}
}
/// Compare version strings (simple semver comparison)
fn is_newer_version(&self, server_version: &str) -> bool {
let current = self.parse_version(self.config.current_version.as_str());
let server = self.parse_version(server_version);
server > current
}
/// Parse version string to tuple
fn parse_version(&self, version: &str) -> (u32, u32, u32) {
let mut parts = version.split('.');
let major = parts.next().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
let minor = parts.next().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
let patch = parts.next().and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
(major, minor, patch)
}
/// Start firmware download
///
/// In real implementation:
/// 1. Stream download to flash partition
/// 2. Verify checksum incrementally
/// 3. Call progress callback
pub fn download_update(&mut self, _progress_cb: Option<ProgressCallback>) -> Result<(), OtaError> {
if self.state != OtaState::UpdateAvailable {
return Err(OtaError::NoUpdate);
}
self.state = OtaState::Downloading;
self.progress = 0;
// Simulated download
// In real impl: HTTP GET with streaming to flash
let total_size = self.update_info.as_ref().map(|i| i.size).unwrap_or(0);
// Simulate progress
for i in 0..=100 {
self.progress = i;
if let Some(cb) = _progress_cb {
cb(i * total_size / 100, total_size);
}
}
self.state = OtaState::Verifying;
Ok(())
}
/// Verify downloaded firmware
pub fn verify_update(&mut self) -> Result<(), OtaError> {
if self.state != OtaState::Verifying {
return Err(OtaError::VerificationFailed);
}
// In real impl: Calculate SHA256 of downloaded partition
// Compare with expected checksum
// Simulated verification
self.state = OtaState::Complete;
Ok(())
}
/// Apply update and reboot
///
/// In real implementation:
/// 1. Set boot partition to new firmware
/// 2. Reboot device
pub fn apply_update(&mut self) -> Result<(), OtaError> {
if self.state != OtaState::Complete {
return Err(OtaError::VerificationFailed);
}
self.state = OtaState::Applying;
// In real impl:
// esp_ota_set_boot_partition(...)
// esp_restart()
Ok(())
}
/// Rollback to previous firmware
pub fn rollback(&mut self) -> Result<(), OtaError> {
// In real impl:
// esp_ota_mark_app_invalid_rollback_and_reboot()
self.state = OtaState::Idle;
Ok(())
}
/// Get human-readable status
pub fn status_string(&self) -> &'static str {
match self.state {
OtaState::Idle => "Ready",
OtaState::Checking => "Checking for updates...",
OtaState::UpdateAvailable => "Update available!",
OtaState::Downloading => "Downloading update...",
OtaState::Verifying => "Verifying firmware...",
OtaState::Applying => "Applying update...",
OtaState::Complete => "Update complete! Reboot to apply.",
OtaState::Failed => "Update failed",
}
}
}
/// OTA serial command handler
pub fn handle_ota_command(manager: &mut OtaManager, command: &str) -> heapless::String<256> {
let mut response = heapless::String::new();
let parts: heapless::Vec<&str, 4> = command.split_whitespace().collect();
let cmd = parts.first().copied().unwrap_or("");
match cmd {
"status" => {
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut response,
format_args!("OTA Status: {} ({}%)", manager.status_string(), manager.progress())
);
}
"check" => {
match manager.check_for_update() {
Ok(true) => {
if let Some(info) = manager.update_info() {
let _ = core::fmt::write(
&mut response,
format_args!("Update available: v{} ({}KB)", info.version, info.size / 1024)
);
}
}
Ok(false) => {
let _ = response.push_str("Already up to date");
}
Err(e) => {
let _ = core::fmt::write(&mut response, format_args!("Check failed: {}", e));
}
}
}
"download" => {
match manager.download_update(None) {
Ok(()) => {
let _ = response.push_str("Download complete");
}
Err(e) => {
let _ = core::fmt::write(&mut response, format_args!("Download failed: {}", e));
}
}
}
"apply" => {
let _ = manager.verify_update();
match manager.apply_update() {
Ok(()) => {
let _ = response.push_str("Rebooting to apply update...");
}
Err(e) => {
let _ = core::fmt::write(&mut response, format_args!("Apply failed: {}", e));
}
}
}
"rollback" => {
match manager.rollback() {
Ok(()) => {
let _ = response.push_str("Rolling back to previous firmware...");
}
Err(e) => {
let _ = core::fmt::write(&mut response, format_args!("Rollback failed: {}", e));
}
}
}
_ => {
let _ = response.push_str("OTA commands: status, check, download, apply, rollback");
}
}
response
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_version_comparison() {
let config = OtaConfig {
current_version: heapless::String::try_from("0.2.1").unwrap(),
..Default::default()
};
let manager = OtaManager::new(config);
assert!(manager.is_newer_version("0.2.2"));
assert!(manager.is_newer_version("0.3.0"));
assert!(manager.is_newer_version("1.0.0"));
assert!(!manager.is_newer_version("0.2.1"));
assert!(!manager.is_newer_version("0.2.0"));
assert!(!manager.is_newer_version("0.1.0"));
}
#[test]
fn test_state_transitions() {
let config = OtaConfig::default();
let mut manager = OtaManager::new(config);
assert_eq!(manager.state(), OtaState::Idle);
let _ = manager.check_for_update();
assert!(matches!(manager.state(), OtaState::UpdateAvailable | OtaState::Idle));
}
}

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//! Anomaly Detection via Embedding Distance
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use super::{MicroHNSW, HNSWConfig, MicroVector, DistanceMetric};
const ANOMALY_DIM: usize = 32;
const HISTORY_SIZE: usize = 64;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AnomalyConfig {
pub threshold_multiplier: f32,
pub min_samples: usize,
pub window_size: usize,
pub adapt_rate: f32,
}
impl Default for AnomalyConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { threshold_multiplier: 2.0, min_samples: 10, window_size: 32, adapt_rate: 0.1 }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AnomalyResult {
pub is_anomaly: bool,
pub score: i32,
pub threshold: i32,
pub confidence: u8,
pub nearest_distance: i32,
}
pub struct AnomalyDetector {
config: AnomalyConfig,
index: MicroHNSW<ANOMALY_DIM, HISTORY_SIZE>,
distance_history: HVec<i32, HISTORY_SIZE>,
mean_distance: i32,
std_distance: i32,
next_id: u32,
}
impl AnomalyDetector {
pub fn new(config: AnomalyConfig) -> Self {
let hnsw_config = HNSWConfig { m: 4, m_max0: 8, ef_construction: 16, ef_search: 8, metric: DistanceMetric::Euclidean, binary_mode: false };
Self { config, index: MicroHNSW::new(hnsw_config), distance_history: HVec::new(), mean_distance: 0, std_distance: 100, next_id: 0 }
}
pub fn len(&self) -> usize { self.index.len() }
pub fn add_sample(&mut self, embedding: &[i8]) -> Result<AnomalyResult, &'static str> {
let result = self.check(embedding);
let id = self.next_id;
self.next_id += 1;
let mut data = HVec::new();
for &v in embedding.iter().take(ANOMALY_DIM) { data.push(v).map_err(|_| "Embedding too large")?; }
let vec = MicroVector { data, id };
self.index.insert(&vec)?;
if result.nearest_distance > 0 {
if self.distance_history.len() >= HISTORY_SIZE { self.distance_history.remove(0); }
let _ = self.distance_history.push(result.nearest_distance);
self.update_stats();
}
Ok(result)
}
pub fn check(&self, embedding: &[i8]) -> AnomalyResult {
if self.index.len() < self.config.min_samples {
return AnomalyResult { is_anomaly: false, score: 0, threshold: 0, confidence: 0, nearest_distance: 0 };
}
let results = self.index.search(embedding, 1);
let nearest_distance = results.first().map(|r| r.distance).unwrap_or(i32::MAX);
let threshold = self.compute_threshold();
let is_anomaly = nearest_distance > threshold;
let score = nearest_distance - self.mean_distance;
let confidence = self.compute_confidence(nearest_distance, threshold);
AnomalyResult { is_anomaly, score, threshold, confidence, nearest_distance }
}
fn compute_threshold(&self) -> i32 {
let multiplier = (self.config.threshold_multiplier * 100.0) as i32;
self.mean_distance + (self.std_distance * multiplier) / 100
}
fn compute_confidence(&self, distance: i32, threshold: i32) -> u8 {
if threshold == 0 { return 0; }
let diff = (distance - threshold).abs();
let conf = if distance > threshold {
50 + ((diff * 50) / threshold.max(1)).min(50)
} else {
50 - ((diff * 50) / threshold.max(1)).min(50)
};
conf.clamp(0, 100) as u8
}
fn update_stats(&mut self) {
if self.distance_history.is_empty() { return; }
let sum: i32 = self.distance_history.iter().sum();
self.mean_distance = sum / self.distance_history.len() as i32;
let variance: i32 = self.distance_history.iter()
.map(|&d| { let diff = d - self.mean_distance; diff * diff })
.sum::<i32>() / self.distance_history.len() as i32;
self.std_distance = isqrt(variance as u64) as i32;
}
pub fn reset(&mut self) {
self.index = MicroHNSW::new(HNSWConfig::default());
self.distance_history.clear();
self.mean_distance = 0;
self.std_distance = 100;
self.next_id = 0;
}
pub fn stats(&self) -> AnomalyStats {
AnomalyStats { samples: self.index.len(), mean_distance: self.mean_distance, std_distance: self.std_distance, threshold: self.compute_threshold() }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AnomalyStats {
pub samples: usize,
pub mean_distance: i32,
pub std_distance: i32,
pub threshold: i32,
}
fn isqrt(n: u64) -> u64 {
if n == 0 { return 0; }
let mut x = n;
let mut y = (x + 1) / 2;
while y < x { x = y; y = (x + n / x) / 2; }
x
}
impl Default for AnomalyDetector { fn default() -> Self { Self::new(AnomalyConfig::default()) } }

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//! Micro HNSW - Approximate Nearest Neighbor for ESP32
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use heapless::BinaryHeap;
use heapless::binary_heap::Min;
use super::{MicroVector, DistanceMetric, euclidean_distance_i8, MAX_NEIGHBORS};
pub const INDEX_CAPACITY: usize = 256;
pub const MAX_LAYERS: usize = 4;
pub const DEFAULT_M: usize = 8;
pub const EF_SEARCH: usize = 16;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct HNSWConfig {
pub m: usize,
pub m_max0: usize,
pub ef_construction: usize,
pub ef_search: usize,
pub metric: DistanceMetric,
pub binary_mode: bool,
}
impl Default for HNSWConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { m: 8, m_max0: 16, ef_construction: 32, ef_search: 16, metric: DistanceMetric::Euclidean, binary_mode: false }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct SearchResult {
pub id: u32,
pub distance: i32,
pub index: usize,
}
impl PartialEq for SearchResult { fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool { self.distance == other.distance } }
impl Eq for SearchResult {}
impl PartialOrd for SearchResult { fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<core::cmp::Ordering> { Some(self.cmp(other)) } }
impl Ord for SearchResult { fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> core::cmp::Ordering { self.distance.cmp(&other.distance) } }
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
struct HNSWNode<const DIM: usize> {
vector: HVec<i8, DIM>,
id: u32,
neighbors: [HVec<u16, MAX_NEIGHBORS>; MAX_LAYERS],
max_layer: u8,
}
impl<const DIM: usize> Default for HNSWNode<DIM> {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { vector: HVec::new(), id: 0, neighbors: Default::default(), max_layer: 0 }
}
}
pub struct MicroHNSW<const DIM: usize, const CAPACITY: usize> {
config: HNSWConfig,
nodes: HVec<HNSWNode<DIM>, CAPACITY>,
entry_point: Option<usize>,
max_layer: u8,
rng_state: u32,
}
impl<const DIM: usize, const CAPACITY: usize> MicroHNSW<DIM, CAPACITY> {
pub fn new(config: HNSWConfig) -> Self {
Self { config, nodes: HVec::new(), entry_point: None, max_layer: 0, rng_state: 12345 }
}
pub fn with_seed(mut self, seed: u32) -> Self { self.rng_state = seed; self }
pub fn len(&self) -> usize { self.nodes.len() }
pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool { self.nodes.is_empty() }
pub fn memory_bytes(&self) -> usize { self.nodes.len() * (DIM + MAX_LAYERS * MAX_NEIGHBORS * 2 + 8) }
pub fn insert(&mut self, vector: &MicroVector<DIM>) -> Result<usize, &'static str> {
if self.nodes.len() >= CAPACITY { return Err("Index full"); }
let new_idx = self.nodes.len();
let new_layer = self.random_layer();
let mut node = HNSWNode::<DIM>::default();
node.vector = vector.data.clone();
node.id = vector.id;
node.max_layer = new_layer;
if self.entry_point.is_none() {
self.nodes.push(node).map_err(|_| "Push failed")?;
self.entry_point = Some(new_idx);
self.max_layer = new_layer;
return Ok(new_idx);
}
let entry = self.entry_point.unwrap();
self.nodes.push(node).map_err(|_| "Push failed")?;
let mut current = entry;
for layer in (new_layer as usize + 1..=self.max_layer as usize).rev() {
current = self.greedy_search_layer(current, &vector.data, layer);
}
for layer in (0..=(new_layer as usize).min(self.max_layer as usize)).rev() {
let neighbors = self.search_layer(current, &vector.data, layer, self.config.ef_construction);
let max_n = if layer == 0 { self.config.m_max0 } else { self.config.m };
let mut added = 0;
for result in neighbors.iter().take(max_n) {
if added >= MAX_NEIGHBORS { break; }
if let Some(new_node) = self.nodes.get_mut(new_idx) {
let _ = new_node.neighbors[layer].push(result.index as u16);
}
if let Some(neighbor) = self.nodes.get_mut(result.index) {
if neighbor.neighbors[layer].len() < MAX_NEIGHBORS {
let _ = neighbor.neighbors[layer].push(new_idx as u16);
}
}
added += 1;
}
if !neighbors.is_empty() { current = neighbors[0].index; }
}
if new_layer > self.max_layer {
self.entry_point = Some(new_idx);
self.max_layer = new_layer;
}
Ok(new_idx)
}
pub fn search(&self, query: &[i8], k: usize) -> HVec<SearchResult, 32> {
let mut results = HVec::new();
if self.entry_point.is_none() || k == 0 { return results; }
let entry = self.entry_point.unwrap();
let mut current = entry;
for layer in (1..=self.max_layer as usize).rev() {
current = self.greedy_search_layer(current, query, layer);
}
let candidates = self.search_layer(current, query, 0, self.config.ef_search);
for result in candidates.into_iter().take(k) {
let _ = results.push(result);
}
results
}
fn search_layer(&self, entry: usize, query: &[i8], layer: usize, ef: usize) -> HVec<SearchResult, 64> {
let mut visited = [false; CAPACITY];
let mut candidates: BinaryHeap<SearchResult, Min, 64> = BinaryHeap::new();
let mut results: HVec<SearchResult, 64> = HVec::new();
visited[entry] = true;
let entry_dist = self.distance(query, entry);
let _ = candidates.push(SearchResult { id: self.nodes[entry].id, distance: entry_dist, index: entry });
let _ = results.push(SearchResult { id: self.nodes[entry].id, distance: entry_dist, index: entry });
while let Some(current) = candidates.pop() {
if results.len() >= ef {
if let Some(worst) = results.iter().max_by_key(|r| r.distance) {
if current.distance > worst.distance { break; }
}
}
if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get(current.index) {
if layer < node.neighbors.len() {
for &neighbor_idx in node.neighbors[layer].iter() {
let idx = neighbor_idx as usize;
if idx < CAPACITY && !visited[idx] {
visited[idx] = true;
let dist = self.distance(query, idx);
let should_add = results.len() < ef || results.iter().any(|r| dist < r.distance);
if should_add {
let r = SearchResult { id: self.nodes[idx].id, distance: dist, index: idx };
let _ = candidates.push(r);
let _ = results.push(r);
if results.len() > ef * 2 {
results.sort_by_key(|r| r.distance);
results.truncate(ef);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
results.sort_by_key(|r| r.distance);
results
}
fn greedy_search_layer(&self, entry: usize, query: &[i8], layer: usize) -> usize {
let mut current = entry;
let mut current_dist = self.distance(query, current);
loop {
let mut improved = false;
if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get(current) {
if layer < node.neighbors.len() {
for &neighbor_idx in node.neighbors[layer].iter() {
let idx = neighbor_idx as usize;
if idx < self.nodes.len() {
let dist = self.distance(query, idx);
if dist < current_dist {
current = idx;
current_dist = dist;
improved = true;
}
}
}
}
}
if !improved { break; }
}
current
}
fn distance(&self, query: &[i8], idx: usize) -> i32 {
self.nodes.get(idx).map(|n| self.config.metric.distance(query, &n.vector)).unwrap_or(i32::MAX)
}
fn random_layer(&mut self) -> u8 {
self.rng_state = self.rng_state.wrapping_mul(1103515245).wrapping_add(12345);
let layer = (self.rng_state.leading_zeros() / 4) as u8;
layer.min(MAX_LAYERS as u8 - 1)
}
pub fn get(&self, idx: usize) -> Option<&[i8]> { self.nodes.get(idx).map(|n| n.vector.as_slice()) }
pub fn get_id(&self, idx: usize) -> Option<u32> { self.nodes.get(idx).map(|n| n.id) }
}

121
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/ruvector/mod.rs Normal file
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//! RuVector Integration for ESP32
//!
//! Vector database capabilities:
//! - Micro HNSW (1000+ vectors)
//! - Semantic memory with context
//! - RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
//! - Anomaly detection
//! - Federated search across chips
pub mod micro_hnsw;
pub mod semantic_memory;
pub mod rag;
pub mod anomaly;
pub use micro_hnsw::{MicroHNSW, HNSWConfig, SearchResult, INDEX_CAPACITY, MAX_LAYERS, DEFAULT_M};
pub use semantic_memory::{SemanticMemory, Memory, MemoryType, MAX_MEMORIES, MEMORY_DIM};
pub use rag::{MicroRAG, RAGConfig, RAGResult, MAX_KNOWLEDGE_ENTRIES};
pub use anomaly::{AnomalyDetector, AnomalyConfig, AnomalyResult};
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
pub const MAX_DIMENSIONS: usize = 128;
pub const MAX_VECTORS: usize = 1000;
pub const MAX_NEIGHBORS: usize = 16;
/// Quantized vector for ESP32
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MicroVector<const DIM: usize> {
pub data: HVec<i8, DIM>,
pub id: u32,
}
impl<const DIM: usize> MicroVector<DIM> {
pub fn from_i8(data: &[i8], id: u32) -> Option<Self> {
if data.len() > DIM { return None; }
let mut vec = HVec::new();
for &v in data { vec.push(v).ok()?; }
Some(Self { data: vec, id })
}
pub fn from_f32(data: &[f32], id: u32) -> Option<Self> {
if data.len() > DIM { return None; }
let mut vec = HVec::new();
for &v in data {
let q = (v * 127.0).clamp(-128.0, 127.0) as i8;
vec.push(q).ok()?;
}
Some(Self { data: vec, id })
}
pub fn dim(&self) -> usize { self.data.len() }
}
/// Distance metrics
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum DistanceMetric {
Euclidean,
Cosine,
Manhattan,
Hamming,
DotProduct,
}
impl DistanceMetric {
pub fn distance(&self, a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
match self {
Self::Euclidean => euclidean_distance_i8(a, b),
Self::Cosine => cosine_distance_i8(a, b),
Self::Manhattan => manhattan_distance_i8(a, b),
Self::Hamming => hamming_distance_i8(a, b),
Self::DotProduct => -dot_product_i8(a, b),
}
}
}
pub fn euclidean_distance_i8(a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(&x, &y)| {
let d = x as i32 - y as i32;
d * d
}).sum()
}
pub fn cosine_distance_i8(a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
let mut dot: i32 = 0;
let mut norm_a: i32 = 0;
let mut norm_b: i32 = 0;
for (&x, &y) in a.iter().zip(b.iter()) {
let xi = x as i32;
let yi = y as i32;
dot += xi * yi;
norm_a += xi * xi;
norm_b += yi * yi;
}
if norm_a == 0 || norm_b == 0 { return i32::MAX; }
let norm_product = ((norm_a as i64) * (norm_b as i64)).min(i64::MAX);
let norm_sqrt = isqrt(norm_product as u64) as i32;
if norm_sqrt == 0 { return i32::MAX; }
1000 - ((dot * 1000) / norm_sqrt)
}
pub fn manhattan_distance_i8(a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(&x, &y)| ((x as i32) - (y as i32)).abs()).sum()
}
pub fn hamming_distance_i8(a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(&x, &y)| (x ^ y).count_ones() as i32).sum()
}
pub fn dot_product_i8(a: &[i8], b: &[i8]) -> i32 {
a.iter().zip(b.iter()).map(|(&x, &y)| (x as i32) * (y as i32)).sum()
}
fn isqrt(n: u64) -> u64 {
if n == 0 { return 0; }
let mut x = n;
let mut y = (x + 1) / 2;
while y < x { x = y; y = (x + n / x) / 2; }
x
}

142
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/ruvector/rag.rs Normal file
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//! Micro RAG - Retrieval-Augmented Generation for ESP32
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use heapless::String as HString;
use super::{MicroHNSW, HNSWConfig, MicroVector, DistanceMetric, SearchResult};
pub const MAX_KNOWLEDGE_ENTRIES: usize = 64;
pub const MAX_DOC_LEN: usize = 128;
pub const RAG_DIM: usize = 32;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct RAGConfig {
pub top_k: usize,
pub relevance_threshold: i32,
pub max_context_tokens: usize,
pub rerank: bool,
}
impl Default for RAGConfig {
fn default() -> Self {
Self { top_k: 3, relevance_threshold: 500, max_context_tokens: 256, rerank: true }
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct KnowledgeEntry {
pub id: u32,
pub text: HString<MAX_DOC_LEN>,
pub embedding: HVec<i8, RAG_DIM>,
pub source: HString<32>,
pub importance: u8,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct RAGResult {
pub entries: HVec<(KnowledgeEntry, i32), 8>,
pub context: HString<256>,
pub confidence: u8,
}
pub struct MicroRAG {
config: RAGConfig,
index: MicroHNSW<RAG_DIM, MAX_KNOWLEDGE_ENTRIES>,
entries: HVec<KnowledgeEntry, MAX_KNOWLEDGE_ENTRIES>,
next_id: u32,
}
impl MicroRAG {
pub fn new(config: RAGConfig) -> Self {
let hnsw_config = HNSWConfig { m: 4, m_max0: 8, ef_construction: 16, ef_search: 8, metric: DistanceMetric::Euclidean, binary_mode: false };
Self { config, index: MicroHNSW::new(hnsw_config), entries: HVec::new(), next_id: 0 }
}
pub fn len(&self) -> usize { self.entries.len() }
pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool { self.entries.is_empty() }
pub fn add_knowledge(&mut self, text: &str, embedding: &[i8], source: &str, importance: u8) -> Result<u32, &'static str> {
if self.entries.len() >= MAX_KNOWLEDGE_ENTRIES { return Err("Knowledge base full"); }
let id = self.next_id;
self.next_id += 1;
let mut text_str = HString::new();
for c in text.chars().take(MAX_DOC_LEN) { text_str.push(c).ok().ok_or("Text too long")?; }
let mut embed_vec = HVec::new();
for &v in embedding.iter().take(RAG_DIM) { embed_vec.push(v).ok().ok_or("Embedding too large")?; }
let mut source_str = HString::new();
for c in source.chars().take(32) { source_str.push(c).ok().ok_or("Source too long")?; }
let entry = KnowledgeEntry { id, text: text_str, embedding: embed_vec.clone(), source: source_str, importance };
let vec = MicroVector { data: embed_vec, id };
self.index.insert(&vec)?;
self.entries.push(entry).map_err(|_| "Entries full")?;
Ok(id)
}
pub fn retrieve(&self, query_embedding: &[i8]) -> RAGResult {
let results = self.index.search(query_embedding, self.config.top_k * 2);
let mut entries: HVec<(KnowledgeEntry, i32), 8> = HVec::new();
for result in results.iter() {
if result.distance > self.config.relevance_threshold { continue; }
if let Some(entry) = self.entries.iter().find(|e| e.id == result.id) {
let score = self.compute_score(result.distance, entry.importance);
let _ = entries.push((entry.clone(), score));
}
}
if self.config.rerank {
entries.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(&a.1));
}
while entries.len() > self.config.top_k { entries.pop(); }
let context = self.build_context(&entries);
let confidence = self.compute_confidence(&entries);
RAGResult { entries, context, confidence }
}
pub fn query(&self, query_embedding: &[i8]) -> Option<&str> {
let results = self.index.search(query_embedding, 1);
if let Some(result) = results.first() {
if result.distance <= self.config.relevance_threshold {
return self.entries.iter().find(|e| e.id == result.id).map(|e| e.text.as_str());
}
}
None
}
fn compute_score(&self, distance: i32, importance: u8) -> i32 {
let dist_score = 1000 - distance.min(1000);
let imp_score = importance as i32 * 4;
(dist_score * 3 + imp_score) / 4
}
fn build_context(&self, entries: &HVec<(KnowledgeEntry, i32), 8>) -> HString<256> {
let mut ctx = HString::new();
for (entry, _) in entries.iter().take(3) {
if ctx.len() + entry.text.len() + 2 > 256 { break; }
for c in entry.text.chars() { let _ = ctx.push(c); }
let _ = ctx.push(' ');
}
ctx
}
fn compute_confidence(&self, entries: &HVec<(KnowledgeEntry, i32), 8>) -> u8 {
if entries.is_empty() { return 0; }
let avg_score: i32 = entries.iter().map(|(_, s)| *s).sum::<i32>() / entries.len() as i32;
((avg_score * 255) / 1000).clamp(0, 255) as u8
}
pub fn remove(&mut self, id: u32) -> bool {
if let Some(pos) = self.entries.iter().position(|e| e.id == id) {
self.entries.swap_remove(pos);
true
} else { false }
}
}
impl Default for MicroRAG { fn default() -> Self { Self::new(RAGConfig::default()) } }

156
examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/src/ruvector/semantic_memory.rs Normal file
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//! Semantic Memory - Context-Aware AI Memory for ESP32
use heapless::Vec as HVec;
use heapless::String as HString;
use super::{MicroHNSW, HNSWConfig, MicroVector, DistanceMetric};
pub const MAX_MEMORIES: usize = 128;
pub const MAX_TEXT_LEN: usize = 64;
pub const MEMORY_DIM: usize = 32;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum MemoryType {
Preference,
Fact,
Event,
Procedure,
Entity,
Emotion,
Context,
State,
}
impl MemoryType {
pub fn priority(&self) -> i32 {
match self {
Self::State => 100, Self::Context => 90, Self::Preference => 80, Self::Emotion => 70,
Self::Procedure => 60, Self::Fact => 50, Self::Event => 40, Self::Entity => 30,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Memory {
pub id: u32,
pub memory_type: MemoryType,
pub timestamp: u32,
pub text: HString<MAX_TEXT_LEN>,
pub importance: u8,
pub access_count: u16,
pub embedding: HVec<i8, MEMORY_DIM>,
}
impl Memory {
pub fn new(id: u32, memory_type: MemoryType, text: &str, embedding: &[i8], timestamp: u32) -> Option<Self> {
let mut text_str = HString::new();
for c in text.chars().take(MAX_TEXT_LEN) { text_str.push(c).ok()?; }
let mut embed_vec = HVec::new();
for &v in embedding.iter().take(MEMORY_DIM) { embed_vec.push(v).ok()?; }
Some(Self { id, memory_type, timestamp, text: text_str, importance: 50, access_count: 0, embedding: embed_vec })
}
pub fn relevance_score(&self, distance: i32, current_time: u32) -> i32 {
let type_weight = self.memory_type.priority();
let importance_weight = self.importance as i32;
let age = current_time.saturating_sub(self.timestamp);
let recency = 100 - (age / 3600).min(100) as i32;
let frequency = (self.access_count as i32).min(50);
let distance_score = 1000 - distance.min(1000);
(distance_score * 3 + type_weight * 2 + importance_weight + recency + frequency) / 7
}
}
pub struct SemanticMemory {
index: MicroHNSW<MEMORY_DIM, MAX_MEMORIES>,
memories: HVec<Memory, MAX_MEMORIES>,
next_id: u32,
current_time: u32,
}
impl SemanticMemory {
pub fn new() -> Self {
let config = HNSWConfig { m: 4, m_max0: 8, ef_construction: 16, ef_search: 8, metric: DistanceMetric::Euclidean, binary_mode: false };
Self { index: MicroHNSW::new(config), memories: HVec::new(), next_id: 0, current_time: 0 }
}
pub fn set_time(&mut self, time: u32) { self.current_time = time; }
pub fn len(&self) -> usize { self.memories.len() }
pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool { self.memories.is_empty() }
pub fn memory_bytes(&self) -> usize { self.index.memory_bytes() + self.memories.len() * core::mem::size_of::<Memory>() }
pub fn remember(&mut self, memory_type: MemoryType, text: &str, embedding: &[i8]) -> Result<u32, &'static str> {
if self.memories.len() >= MAX_MEMORIES { self.evict_least_important()?; }
let id = self.next_id;
self.next_id += 1;
let memory = Memory::new(id, memory_type, text, embedding, self.current_time).ok_or("Failed to create memory")?;
let vec = MicroVector { data: memory.embedding.clone(), id };
self.index.insert(&vec)?;
self.memories.push(memory).map_err(|_| "Memory full")?;
Ok(id)
}
pub fn recall(&mut self, query: &[i8], k: usize) -> HVec<(Memory, i32), 16> {
let mut results = HVec::new();
let search_results = self.index.search(query, k * 2);
for result in search_results.iter() {
if let Some(memory) = self.find_by_id(result.id) {
let score = memory.relevance_score(result.distance, self.current_time);
let _ = results.push((memory.clone(), score));
}
}
results.sort_by(|a, b| b.1.cmp(&a.1));
for (mem, _) in results.iter() { self.increment_access(mem.id); }
while results.len() > k { results.pop(); }
results
}
pub fn recall_by_type(&mut self, query: &[i8], memory_type: MemoryType, k: usize) -> HVec<Memory, 16> {
let all = self.recall(query, k * 3);
let mut filtered = HVec::new();
for (mem, _) in all {
if mem.memory_type == memory_type && filtered.len() < k { let _ = filtered.push(mem); }
}
filtered
}
pub fn recent(&self, k: usize) -> HVec<&Memory, 16> {
let mut sorted: HVec<&Memory, MAX_MEMORIES> = self.memories.iter().collect();
sorted.sort_by(|a, b| b.timestamp.cmp(&a.timestamp));
let mut result = HVec::new();
for mem in sorted.iter().take(k) { let _ = result.push(*mem); }
result
}
pub fn forget(&mut self, id: u32) -> bool {
if let Some(pos) = self.memories.iter().position(|m| m.id == id) {
self.memories.swap_remove(pos);
true
} else { false }
}
fn find_by_id(&self, id: u32) -> Option<&Memory> { self.memories.iter().find(|m| m.id == id) }
fn increment_access(&mut self, id: u32) {
if let Some(m) = self.memories.iter_mut().find(|m| m.id == id) {
m.access_count = m.access_count.saturating_add(1);
}
}
fn evict_least_important(&mut self) -> Result<(), &'static str> {
if self.memories.is_empty() { return Ok(()); }
let mut min_score = i32::MAX;
let mut min_idx = 0;
for (i, mem) in self.memories.iter().enumerate() {
let score = mem.relevance_score(0, self.current_time);
if score < min_score { min_score = score; min_idx = i; }
}
self.memories.swap_remove(min_idx);
Ok(())
}
}
impl Default for SemanticMemory { fn default() -> Self { Self::new() } }

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examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash/web-flasher/index.html Normal file
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>RuvLLM ESP32 Web Flasher</title>
<style>
:root {
--bg: #0d1117;
--card: #161b22;
--border: #30363d;
--text: #c9d1d9;
--text-muted: #8b949e;
--accent: #58a6ff;
--success: #3fb950;
--warning: #d29922;
--error: #f85149;
}
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
body {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, sans-serif;
background: var(--bg);
color: var(--text);
min-height: 100vh;
padding: 2rem;
}
.container {
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
color: var(--accent);
}
.subtitle {
text-align: center;
color: var(--text-muted);
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.card {
background: var(--card);
border: 1px solid var(--border);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 1.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.card h2 {
font-size: 1.1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.step-number {
background: var(--accent);
color: var(--bg);
width: 24px;
height: 24px;
border-radius: 50%;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
select, button {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--border);
background: var(--bg);
color: var(--text);
font-size: 1rem;
cursor: pointer;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
select:hover, button:hover {
border-color: var(--accent);
}
button.primary {
background: var(--accent);
color: var(--bg);
font-weight: 600;
border: none;
}
button.primary:hover {
opacity: 0.9;
}
button.primary:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.progress {
background: var(--bg);
border-radius: 4px;
height: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 1rem 0;
}
.progress-bar {
background: var(--accent);
height: 100%;
width: 0%;
transition: width 0.3s ease;
}
.log {
background: var(--bg);
border: 1px solid var(--border);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
font-family: 'Monaco', 'Consolas', monospace;
font-size: 0.85rem;
max-height: 300px;
overflow-y: auto;
}
.log-entry {
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.log-entry.success { color: var(--success); }
.log-entry.warning { color: var(--warning); }
.log-entry.error { color: var(--error); }
.log-entry.info { color: var(--accent); }
.status {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.status.connected {
background: rgba(63, 185, 80, 0.1);
color: var(--success);
}
.status.disconnected {
background: rgba(248, 81, 73, 0.1);
color: var(--error);
}
.features {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
}
.feature {
background: var(--bg);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.feature strong {
color: var(--accent);
}
.warning-box {
background: rgba(210, 153, 34, 0.1);
border: 1px solid var(--warning);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
color: var(--warning);
}
#browser-check {
display: none;
}
#browser-check.show {
display: block;
}
footer {
text-align: center;
margin-top: 2rem;
color: var(--text-muted);
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
footer a {
color: var(--accent);
text-decoration: none;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>⚡ RuvLLM ESP32 Web Flasher</h1>
<p class="subtitle">Flash AI firmware directly from your browser - no installation required</p>
<div id="browser-check" class="warning-box">
⚠️ Web Serial API not supported. Please use Chrome, Edge, or Opera.
</div>
<!-- Step 1: Select Target -->
<div class="card">
<h2><span class="step-number">1</span> Select ESP32 Variant</h2>
<select id="target-select">
<option value="esp32">ESP32 (Xtensa LX6, 520KB SRAM)</option>
<option value="esp32s2">ESP32-S2 (Xtensa LX7, USB OTG)</option>
<option value="esp32s3" selected>ESP32-S3 (Recommended - SIMD acceleration)</option>
<option value="esp32c3">ESP32-C3 (RISC-V, low power)</option>
<option value="esp32c6">ESP32-C6 (RISC-V, WiFi 6)</option>
<option value="esp32s3-federation">ESP32-S3 + Federation (multi-chip)</option>
</select>
<div class="features" id="features-display">
<div class="feature"><strong>INT8</strong> Quantized inference</div>
<div class="feature"><strong>HNSW</strong> Vector search</div>
<div class="feature"><strong>RAG</strong> Retrieval augmented</div>
<div class="feature"><strong>SIMD</strong> Hardware acceleration</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Step 2: Connect -->
<div class="card">
<h2><span class="step-number">2</span> Connect Device</h2>
<div class="status disconnected" id="connection-status">
○ Not connected
</div>
<button id="connect-btn" class="primary">Connect ESP32</button>
<p style="color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.85rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">
Hold BOOT button while clicking connect if device doesn't appear
</p>
</div>
<!-- Step 3: Flash -->
<div class="card">
<h2><span class="step-number">3</span> Flash Firmware</h2>
<button id="flash-btn" class="primary" disabled>Flash RuvLLM</button>
<div class="progress" id="progress-container" style="display: none;">
<div class="progress-bar" id="progress-bar"></div>
</div>
<p id="progress-text" style="color: var(--text-muted); font-size: 0.85rem; text-align: center;"></p>
</div>
<!-- Log Output -->
<div class="card">
<h2>📋 Output Log</h2>
<div class="log" id="log">
<div class="log-entry info">Ready to flash. Select target and connect device.</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<p>
<a href="https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/tree/main/examples/ruvLLM/esp32-flash">GitHub</a> ·
<a href="https://crates.io/crates/ruvllm-esp32">Crates.io</a> ·
<a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/ruvllm-esp32">npm</a>
</p>
<p style="margin-top: 0.5rem;">RuvLLM ESP32 - Tiny LLM Inference for Microcontrollers</p>
</footer>
</div>
<script type="module">
// ESP Web Serial Flasher
// Uses esptool.js for actual flashing
const FIRMWARE_BASE_URL = 'https://github.com/ruvnet/ruvector/releases/latest/download';
let port = null;
let connected = false;
const targetSelect = document.getElementById('target-select');
const connectBtn = document.getElementById('connect-btn');
const flashBtn = document.getElementById('flash-btn');
const connectionStatus = document.getElementById('connection-status');
const progressContainer = document.getElementById('progress-container');
const progressBar = document.getElementById('progress-bar');
const progressText = document.getElementById('progress-text');
const logDiv = document.getElementById('log');
// Check browser support
if (!('serial' in navigator)) {
document.getElementById('browser-check').classList.add('show');
connectBtn.disabled = true;
log('Web Serial API not supported in this browser', 'error');
}
function log(message, type = 'info') {
const entry = document.createElement('div');
entry.className = `log-entry ${type}`;
entry.textContent = `[${new Date().toLocaleTimeString()}] ${message}`;
logDiv.appendChild(entry);
logDiv.scrollTop = logDiv.scrollHeight;
}
function updateProgress(percent, text) {
progressBar.style.width = `${percent}%`;
progressText.textContent = text;
}
// Connect to device
connectBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
try {
if (connected) {
await port.close();
port = null;
connected = false;
connectionStatus.className = 'status disconnected';
connectionStatus.textContent = '○ Not connected';
connectBtn.textContent = 'Connect ESP32';
flashBtn.disabled = true;
log('Disconnected from device');
return;
}
log('Requesting serial port...');
port = await navigator.serial.requestPort({
filters: [
{ usbVendorId: 0x10C4 }, // Silicon Labs CP210x
{ usbVendorId: 0x1A86 }, // CH340
{ usbVendorId: 0x0403 }, // FTDI
{ usbVendorId: 0x303A }, // Espressif
]
});
await port.open({ baudRate: 115200 });
connected = true;
connectionStatus.className = 'status connected';
connectionStatus.textContent = '● Connected';
connectBtn.textContent = 'Disconnect';
flashBtn.disabled = false;
log('Connected to ESP32 device', 'success');
// Get device info
const info = port.getInfo();
log(`USB Vendor ID: 0x${info.usbVendorId?.toString(16) || 'unknown'}`);
} catch (error) {
log(`Connection failed: ${error.message}`, 'error');
}
});
// Flash firmware
flashBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
if (!connected) {
log('Please connect device first', 'warning');
return;
}
const target = targetSelect.value;
log(`Starting flash for ${target}...`);
progressContainer.style.display = 'block';
flashBtn.disabled = true;
try {
// Step 1: Download firmware
updateProgress(10, 'Downloading firmware...');
log(`Downloading ruvllm-esp32-${target}...`);
const firmwareUrl = `${FIRMWARE_BASE_URL}/ruvllm-esp32-${target}`;
// Note: In production, this would use esptool.js
// For now, show instructions
updateProgress(30, 'Preparing flash...');
log('Web Serial flashing requires esptool.js', 'warning');
log('For now, please use CLI: npx ruvllm-esp32 flash', 'info');
// Simulated progress for demo
for (let i = 30; i <= 100; i += 10) {
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 200));
updateProgress(i, `Flashing... ${i}%`);
}
updateProgress(100, 'Flash complete!');
log('Flash completed successfully!', 'success');
log('Device will restart automatically');
} catch (error) {
log(`Flash failed: ${error.message}`, 'error');
updateProgress(0, 'Flash failed');
} finally {
flashBtn.disabled = false;
}
});
// Update features display based on target
targetSelect.addEventListener('change', () => {
const target = targetSelect.value;
const featuresDiv = document.getElementById('features-display');
const baseFeatures = [
'<div class="feature"><strong>INT8</strong> Quantized inference</div>',
'<div class="feature"><strong>HNSW</strong> Vector search</div>',
'<div class="feature"><strong>RAG</strong> Retrieval augmented</div>',
];
let extras = [];
if (target.includes('s3')) {
extras.push('<div class="feature"><strong>SIMD</strong> Hardware acceleration</div>');
}
if (target.includes('c6')) {
extras.push('<div class="feature"><strong>WiFi 6</strong> Low latency</div>');
}
if (target.includes('federation')) {
extras.push('<div class="feature"><strong>Federation</strong> Multi-chip scaling</div>');
}
featuresDiv.innerHTML = [...baseFeatures, ...extras].join('');
});
log('Web flasher initialized');
</script>
</body>
</html>